Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
AnjaliGoyal ExecutiveDirectorFinance(Budget),MinistryofRailways,India
Approachadopted
1.RailTransportScenarioinIndia
FreightCargoScenarioinIndia: Boomintrafficversusseriouscapacityconstraints Railwayssettocarry1billiontonby2011,1.5billiontonby 2017 Railshare<38% Freightmovementgrowth(200206) Road48%+Rail35%+ RoadCommercialcarrierslowpayloads&fuelefficiency BulkofIRstrafficmovesontheoverstretchedGolden Quadrilateral Speedsof26km/hr,Limitedflexibility Capacityconstraintswillkillthesurge
RailTariff:UScents/tkm
(inpurchasingpowerparity)
Sweden Japan France Canada China India
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 3.7
2.6
CitedinNewTigersofAsia,MorganStanley,July04
DedicatedFreightCorridors
EasternCorridor 1805km Ludhiana Kolkata WesternCorridor 1515km from Mumbai(J.N.port)to Dadri LiberalMovingDimensions Higherpayload/axle Suitableforheavyhaultrains (65 fr.Cars) HigherHP& tractive effort locomotives Highercapacityfreightcars Speed:100 120 kmph+
DELHIMUMBAIINDUSTRIALCORRIDOR HighImpactDevelopment
Haryana
Dadri
Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh
J.N.Port
End Terminals DFC Alignment Existing Passenger Rail Link (Delhi-Mumbai) G-Q (NH-8) N-S & E-W NH Corridor Investment Region Industrial Area
DFCsMegaLogisticsCities
Efficientsupplychainrelationships
Convergenceofindustrialactivities Tremendouspotentialforhighvalue, endtoendlogisticssolutionsprovider services
Tempcontrolledwarehousesandother logisticsinputs Tappingseamlessintermodalpotential
ThesehingeonthespecialfeaturesofDFCasanewrail transportserviceproduct
IndiasPassengerTransportationLandscape
Rail
87%
NonRail
13%
IRcarries 7billion
Sowilltheemissions
IndiasFreewaysToday NanoCarsYetToHitTheRoads
MarketRequirements
Newgrowth centres:
Morespreadofeconomicactivity Dramaticincreaseinurbanpopulation
E&Y
Change in Population
>50% 2550% 025%
HighwayTrafficDelhiAmritsarCorridor SummaryVolumeCounts
Section NonAC Normal Normal ACSmall AC MiniBus MiniBus MiniBus Normal Small Bus Bus Cars BigCars Ordinary Deluxe AC BusAC Cars Ordinary Deluxe
4015 10509 9996 894 2346 1435 7710 7651 5737 8305 4466 6593 9309 9013 6993 7975 5772 7767
7 50 60 29 12 14 27
58 87 285 74 21 34 293
1961
AmbalaChandigarh 2022
*DailyFiguresbasedonsurvey
CarUserPreferences
OtherModes unavailable 1%
Closertohome 9% Facilities provided 7% SaferMode 8% LesserTime 40%
CarPassengerPreferences
97%preferred threehourorshorterjourneyonDelhiAmritsarCorridor HSTtobefrequent,ratherthanonetraininthemorningone intheevening. Willingtopaymorefortimesaving 93%preferredarestaurantwithpriceofamealintherange 100to200Rupees Currentcarpassengerswantedfacilities,like,prerecorded videoprogrammes,cableTVandshoponthetrain.
Carsper1000Persons
700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 India China Brazil
PWCstudy
137 8 15 USA
Complexitiesingoinglowcarbonin TransportSector
PeoplesMobility amatterofpersonalchoice
EconomicFactors Income GovtPolicy User Charges Car Purchase Cost Fuelor EnergyCost Transport Infrastructure
Taxation
Car Ownership
CO 2 Emissions
Travel Volume
FARE
Easeof Access
Congestion
Activity Pattern
Speed
AIR
HST
TRAIN
BUS
CAR
Source:ManagingTransportEnergy.
Complexitiesingoinglowcarbonin TransportSector
PeoplesMobility amatterofpersonalchoice FreightTransportationdecisions drivenbycost competitiveness,supplychaincommitments CDM rewards/offsetsmostlyforinvestors nothing muchforusers Apprehensionsofthestakeholdersinbusinessasusual carbonbasedtransportinfrastructure
Stakeholders
AutomobileindustryPassengercars, SUVs,
Breakingthebarriers
NeedtolaunchCO2 mitigationstrategieswith
anewimage anewplatformforapopularmovement
StructuringofIndias UltraLowCarbonMegaRailProjects
HSR&DFCnewtransportprojectswillcausecarbon emissionsOwningthefootprints Identifyandmeasureactionswhichcreateemissions Adoptcleanenergy/technologies/wastereductions Neutralize/Offsetemissionstomaximumextent Ownthecostsofemissionreductions Encourageuserstoavailthebenefitsofcleanpublic transport DocumentandCommunicate
UltraLowCarbonRailProjects CO ReductionStrategies 2
Primaryneutralityobjective Powerrequirementnon fossilfuel Traction/Operation RollingStock
PowerQualityManagement HighVoltageTransmissionLines DynamicLoadManagement UnityPowerFactor HarmonicsManagement IntelligentTrainScheduling IntelligentTrainOperation EfficientTractionPowerConversion IntelligentAuxiliaryPowerConversion HotelLoadManagement
Electricity Grid
Traction Substation
Overhead Alignment
Rolling Stock
Track
UltraLowCarbonRailProjects CO ReductionStrategies 2
Primaryneutralityobjective Consequential
Powerrequirementnon ModeShift fossilfuel Traction/Operation Intercityridership RollingStock Cars/Buses/AirtoHSR FEMUforlightcargo LEEDratedenergyefficient terminalbuildings&Logistic TruckstoDFCfreighttrains Parks Shiftbychoiceandpiggy WarehousesPVpanelsroof, outerwalls backrides Landusenofarmersland
DFC
TransformingIndiasFreightCargoMovement ProductDesign Sourcing30%ofenergy requirementfromcleanpower Onlyfuelefficient3phase locomotiveswithregenerative brakingkineticenergysupplyto grid10% FEMUservicesfortimesensitive lightcargos. Hybridcarsandefficienttrucks
IntermodalShift
Railbridgingthroughroad railersandpiggyback services Valueaddedservices throughmegalogiparks Timetabledopenaccess movement EarnDiamondMiles
CO savings 2
HSR:ChangingMarketTectonics ProductDesign
Substantiallycarbonneutral tractionpowersourcenonfossil fuelsbased Swap/barterstrategy HighSpeedRegenerative locomotiveskineticenergy recovery HSRonPPPmodepartners eligibilitybasedonowningnew smallhydelpowerplants
Hybridcarsforhireatterminals
InterModalShift
FareStructure lessthancar usagecosts,lowpricedairtickets 1000passengerspertrip Drasticcutintraveltime (comparedwithroadtravel) Improveonboardambienceand qualityofservicesonHSRatpar withaircraftandluxurycars Safe&fasttransit
Carbonmilesfornonuseofpersonal carsparkyourcaratHSRterminal, travelbyHSR
CO savings 2
14
Gtofcarbonper year
e dg e
sin u
ti W za ili on ge b ti a ed a St biliz W e tion ta S edg iza il W ta b tion S a biliz edge ta S W ation iliz S ta b ge nW ed a ti o Stabiliz edge tabilizationW S
e dg e
StabilizationTrajectory
2004
2054
Wedge#1&2
DoubleFuelEfficiency & CutDistancestohalf
45.30
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
19.49
Throughvehicledisplacementalone,thetwoDFCsexpectedtosave
20.00
13.96 11.82 16.49 347500milliontonnesofCO2by2027(cumulative)
15.00
Emissionssavedthroughlocomotiveswithregenerativebrakingan 10.01
10.00 8.01
additional3milliontonnes
5.00
Throughswap/barterstrategyanadditional9milliontonnes
0.00
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027
1.490
12
20 24
20 25
20 26
20 27
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
23
Wedges#3,4&5
Wedge Cuttingcarbon emissionfrom buildings Implementation Freight&HSRTerminalsandLogicities willcutcarbonemissionsby25%LEED ratedbuildings
700foldExpansion LogicitiesConfluenceofWarehouses, ofphotovoltaic TradeandCommercialcomplexes, solarenergy malls,Hotels encouragedtodraw powerfromsolarsourcesespecially fromlargesolarfarmsinRajasthan, Gujrat,Maharashtra. Haltingofcurrent Railuseslesslandthanroad deforestation
Stakeholders
AutomobileindustryPassengercars, SUVs,
NewBusinessOpportunitiesin CarbonMitigation
LogisticsParks
HighSpeedTrains
ChangingPerceptions
ClimateChangeinitselfbadnews Despair,Gloom,Catastrophe IRsproposedtwoUltralowcarbonmegarail projectsbestplatformtolaunchco2emission reductionasapopularmovementandbrand
Lowcarbonbrandpersonality
IndiasHSR ALowCarbonHighlyMarketableBrand
PositionIndianHSRwithanultralowcarbonbrandpersonality anendearingsymbolnolifestylelossinpublictransport HSRridershipIndiasgiantpopulationHSRmarketsize: openswith7millionpassengers/corridor HugeMarketpotentialhuge:IndianadmarkettocrossUSD6 billionin2011 0.40million+(truegreen)30secondsadspotsperyear (estimated) VastOutofHome(OOH),premiumadspaceinHSRterminals
NettruegreenadrevenuescansupportHSRsdebtservicing Vastpotentialforrealestatedevelopment
AcceptabilityofMitigationStrategies
GDPgrowthretardationdevelopingcountries Erosioninqualityoflifestyles Punitivetaxesregressive, Misgivingsontradingincarboncredits CDMrewards/offsetsmostlyforinvestorsnothingmuchforusers Availability/Costsofrenewableenergy Quantumreductionnotpossiblelackofscaleoftechnological breakthrough Biofuelimpactonagrilandandfoodprices, PeoplesparticipationimportantforsuccessRewardsoffsetwillhaveto addresstheseinfluencingelements Pointsforponderingshouldthisdictateapproachforfuturepolicy
WayForward
CarbonMitigationRatingforTransportSectorProjects
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