M I L - R A M

T E C H N O L O G Y

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
TOX-ARRA Y 2000 SIX CHANNEL GAS DETECTION CONTROLLER

Mil-Ram Technology, Inc.

no false alarms

4135 Business Center Drive Fremont, CA 94538 Ph (510) 656-2001 Fax (510) 656-2004 Web: www.mi1-ram.com

IMPORTANT
Warning: This equipment should only be installed by personnel experienced and qualified in the installation of such equipment. Warning: This instruction manual must be read and understood by all individuals responsible for the installation, operation, calibration and maintenance of the equipment.

Warning: Explosive Hazard! The Tox-Array 2000 Controller, housed in a Nema 4x - plastic enclosure, is designed for operation in ordinary, nonhazardous locations. Do NOT install controller in classified, hazardous areas. For hazardous area installations, contact factory for explosion-proof enclosure option. Warning: Electrochemical gas sensors are not designed or intended for online continuous gas analysis or operation in a constant (or near constant) background of gas. Such conditions of continuous or very frequent gas exposure will significantly reduce sensor life and require more frequent gas calibrations. Sensors operated under these or similar conditions are excluded from any warranty. Additionally, sensors operated under these conditions will require more frequent recharging (or replacement) to maintain gas sensitivity. It is recommended that spare sensors be maintained to reduce down-time under such conditions.

Warning: Electrochemical gas sensors are not designed or intended for exposure to high concentrations of gas (in excess of full scale gas concentration). Depending on - sensor type, the concentration, duration and frequency of exposure, gas sensitivity will be degraded. Sensors operated under these conditions are excluded from any warranty. Additionally, sensors operated under these conditions will require more frequent maintenance related to calibration and recharging (or replacement) to maintain gas sensitivity. Electrochemical sensors do NOT have an unlimited capacity to react gas and depending on levels and frequency of exposure, can become chemically saturated and therefore, unresponsive to gas. It is recommended that spare sensors be maintained to reduce down-time under such conditions.

WARNING: Catalytic bead type combustible gas sensors burn combustible gas on the sensor active filament in the detection process. Detection of combustible gas therefore requires oxygen to support burning of the gas. The catalytic combustible gas sensor can only be used for detection of appropriate combustible gas in air (containing normal oxygen levels). As the concentration of combustible gas increases, the concentration of oxygen correspondingly decreases. At sufficiently high gas concentrations (typically, in excess of the upper explosive limit), oxygen limits the burning of the gas on the sensor filament and therefore, sensor response will decrease (meter reading decreases) in spite of increasing levels of combustible gas. This is true for all catalytic bead type combustible gas sensors whereby at sufficiently high concentrations of gas, availability of oxygen adversely affects sensor response. For detection of combustible hydrocarbon gases at these higher gas concentrations, infrared sensor technology may be appropriate. Consult factory for recommendations and available detection ranges. WARNING: Infrared type combustible gas sensors detect various combustible hydrocarbons (molecules containing carbon and hydrogen) and therefore, do NOT detect Hydrogen gas. For detection of LEL levels of Hydrogen gas, a catalytic type combustible gas sensor is generally recommended. WARNING: Certain chemicals are known to inhibit or poison the catalytic type combustible gas sensor. Exposure to sufficiently high concentrations of such chemicals will reduce or eliminate sensor response to combustible gas. Among the most serious poisons are silicone compounds included in a wide range of products such as lubricants, adhesives, caulking and sealant compounds, mold releases and others. Low part-per-million (ppm) levels of silicone vapors can readily degrade the sensor. Lead containing compounds, including tetraethyl lead in gasoline, are also known to degrade sensitivity to combustible gas. Some halogenated hydrocarbons adversely affect the catalytic sensor due to resultant formation of HCI on the catalyst. Direct exposure to acid gases (e.g. HCI, H2S04, etc.) will also corrode the sensor elements. Other gases including sulfides (H2S, etc.) can similarly have a corrosive affect on the sensor. Avoid operation of catalytic type sensors in an environment containing poisons and/or inhibitors. Sensors operated under these conditions are excluded from any warranty. Consult factory to determine if infrared type combustible gas sensor is appropriate for intended application where catalytic poisons/inhibitors may be present.

WARNING: Although the sensors are normally quite stable, it is generally recommended that gas calibration be performed monthly in the interest of safety. Unusually harsh or severe environments will require more frequent calibration checks. A routine program of field calibration will help determine which transmitters/sensors require more or less frequent calibration and maintenance. This is the only method to accurately determine system performance under the specific site conditions and make appropriate adjustments to the maintenance schedule. Gas calibrations are the only absolute method of assessing transmitter/sensor performance.

Warning: Do not attempt to repair or modify instrument. If repair is needed, contact Mil-Ram Technology to obtain a Returned Material Authorization (RMA) number and further assistance.

WARNING: As is the case for all electronic circuit boards, the Tox-Array 2000 Controller includes electronic components that can be damaged by static electricity. Circuit boards should only be handled when absolutely required and with power removed. Personnel should always wear wrist strap connected to earth ground prior to handling circuit board. This will discharge any stored energy. Hold circuit board by edges only. Do not touch either surface of board or any electrical components or circuit traces.

WARNING: Electromagnetic radiation can interfere with the normal operation and performance of the Tox-Array 2000 Controller. Radio communications equipment, including hand-held radios (walkie-talkies) should be used at a safe distance from the transmitter and sensor. Safe distances vary depending on radio frequency, power and environmental factors. Typically, a distance of at least 3 meters should be observed and increased accordingly, if any interference is observed. Electromagnetic radiation can damage electronic components.

WARNING: Properly seal all enclosure conduit entry fittings to exclude water and liquid from entering box. Water or liquids will damage circuit boards and require immediate replacement.

FAILURE TO OBSERVE THE ABOVE CAN RESULT IN INJURY, PRODUCT DAMAGE AND/OR UNSAFE CONDITIONS.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

I.

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ................................................................................... 1 A. B. C. Channel Set-up ............................................................................................. 1 Relay Assignment/Function ......................................................................... 1 Data Output .................................................................................................. 1

II. III.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................ 1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................... 2 A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. Enclosure....................................................................................................... 2 Circuit Boards ............................................................................................... 3 Tox-Array Sensors ....................................................................................... 5 Combustible Gas Sensor .............................................................................. 6 Oxygen Sensor ............................................................................................. 6 Carbon Monoxide Sensor ............................................................................ 7 Thermal Conductivity Sensor ...................................................................... 7 Carbon Dioxide Sensor ................................................................................ 8 Remote Amplifier ........................................................................................ 9 Indicators ...................................................................................................... 9 Controls ...................................................................................................... 10 LED Displays.............................................................................................. 12 LCD Programming Module ........................................................................ 12 Relays.......................................................................................................... 12 Buzzer ......................................................................................................... 14 Data Outputs ............................................................................................... 15 Power Options............................................................................................. 16 Battery Back-up .......................................................................................... 17 External Alarms and Devices...................................................................... 18

IV. V.

OPERATION................................................................................................................ 19 PROGRAMMING OPERATIONS .......................................................................... 19

Warranty

Page 1 I. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION A. Channel Set-up Channel No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 B. Relay Assignment/Function Channel No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 C. Data Output [Low Alarm] Relay No. Function 1 3 5 7 9 11 [High Alarm] Relay No. Function 2 4 6 8 10 12 Gas Detected Detection Range Low Alarm High Alarm

Each Channel has been factory set to provide a 4-20 mA output at the common (COM) and record (REC) terminals on the digital/power board. To change the data format for one or more channels, see Section III -0, Data Outputs. II. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The Tox-Array 2000 wall-mount system provides, in any combination, up to 6 channel of toxic, combustible and oxygen monitoring in a 9-114" x 11-114" NEMA 4X enclosure. Multiples of the 6-channel controller can be configured in larger enclosures for modular and space efficient expansion of the system. Each channel utilizes a plug-in module featuring a 3-digit LED display. High, low and trouble LEDs provide visual indication of alarm status, while an integral buzzer provides audible indication of alarms at the controller. Programmable relays offer added flexibility in area monitoring and reduced installation cost. Discrete relays for each alarm level are available in the same 9-114" x 11-114" enclosure. An easy-to-read backlit LCD Module prompts the user for set-up of each channel. Push button switches enable the user to address various set-up parameters on the LCD and easily program each channel. Alarm set points and relay function (latching or non-latching) are easily installed for each channel. Each sensor is configured with a remote amplifier that generates the standard 4-20 mA signal. The amplifier is typically housed in an explosion-proof junction box with sensor. The Model 2000 is designed to operate from 96-264 Volts AC, 47-63 HZ, or 24 VDC (Customer specified). An optional back-up battery with trickle charge circuit is available.

Page 2 III. DETAILED DESCRIPTION A. Enclosure

Page 3 B. Circuit Boards

The controller electronics is housed in the fiberglass enclosure and consists of a power/digital board, a mother board and plug-in module boards The Power/Digital board is located at the rear of the enclosure and includes the power supply, microprocessor and relay circuitry. Terminals are provided for connecting power (AC or DC), battery back-up, external alarms/devices and transmitters (sensor/remote amplifier) to the controller. Mechanical relays are installed on the Power/Digital board in relay sockets. Two fuses are retained on the Power/Digital board for circuit protection

POWER SUPPLY

Figure 1: Power/Digital Board

Page 4 The Mother board is mounted directly over the Power/Digital board on stand-offs. Hinged mounting hardware on the left side of the board permits the board to swing clear of the Power/Digital board for ease of wiring. The Mother board provides a mounting surface for up to six plug-in modules. An LCD Module is located on the Mother board above the programming switches.

Figure 2: Mother Board

Page 5 The Module boards (six maximum, one per channel) plug into the Mother board and are secured with nylon mounting hardware. The Module board features a 3-digit LED (7 segment) display for direct reading of gas concentration. LED indicators on the Module board provide visual indication of alarm status.

C.

Tox-Array Sensors

The Tox-Array Sensors are chemically selective, electrochemical devices based on amperometric detection principles. The sensors basically consist of working (sensing) and counter electrodes surrounded by a liquid electrolyte, all of which is enclosed behind a gas permeable, hydrophobic membrane. The membrane is held in a perforated cap at the sensing end of the device. The cap is factory installed with six retaining screws. At the opposite end of the device, 3/4" NPT external threads are provided for mounting to a junction box (explosion-proof, Nema 4x plastic, others). The sensors generate measurable electrical current (microamperes) in the presence of a particular toxic gas. The electronic circuitry amplifies the current to provide meter indication and activate pre-set audible and visual alarms.

Toxic Sensors e.g. BCl3, Br2, Cl2, ClO2, CO, F2, HBr, HCl, HCN, HF, HNO3, H2O2, H2SO4, H2S, NH3, NO, NO2, O3, SO2, etc

Page 6 D. Combustible Gas Sensor

The combustible gas sensor is a catalytic-bead type device which has become the standard method of detection over the last several decades. Basically, the sensor consists of two distinct elements: an active element which is catalytically sensitive to combustible gas and a reference element which is chemically inert. The sensor elements are configured in a Wheatstone bridge circuit and operated at sufficiently high temperature. Upon exposure to gas, the molecules are burned (or oxidized) at the surface of the active element. The oxidation process generates heat, which in turn changes the electrical resistance of the active element. The bridge circuit becomes unbalanced, producing an output directly related to gas concentration. The electronic circuitry processes the signal to provide meter indication and activate pre-set audible and visual alarms.

E.

Oxygen Sensor

The oxygen sensor is a self-powered or galvanic-type electrochemical device. The sensor basically consists of working (sensing) and counter electrodes surrounded by a liquid electrolyte, all of which is enclosed behind a gas permeable, hydrophobic membrane. In the presence of oxygen, the molecules are electrochemically reduced at the surface of the working electrode to generate electrical current flow (microamperes) directly related to oxygen concentration. Electronic circuitry processes the signal to provide meter indication and activate pre-set audible and visual alarms.

Page 7 F. Carbon Monoxide Sensor

The carbon monoxide sensor is an amperometric electrochemical device. The sensor basically consists of working and counter electrodes surrounded by a liquid electrolyte, all of which is enclosed behind a gas permeable, hydrophobic membrane. In the presence of carbon monoxide gas, the sensor generates electrical current flow (microamperes) directly related to gas concentration. Electronic circuitry processes the signal to provide meter indication and activate pre-set audible and visual alarms.

G.

Thermal Conductivity Sensor

The thermal conductivity sensor is used to detect volume concentrations (0-100%) of low molecular weight gases (e.g. N2, H2, C~, He, others). The thermal conductivity sensor operates on the principal that a hot body (sensor filament) will loose heat at a rate determined by the thermal conductivity of the surrounding atmosphere. Differences in thermal conductivity of gases are based on the mobility or speed at which the gas molecules can diffuse to and from the hot filament. The speed of molecules is related to molecular weight: the smaller the molecule the higher the speed and corresponding thermal conductivity. The sensor basically consists of two distinct elements: an active element that responds electrically to changes in thermal conductivity of the surrounding atmosphere and a reference element that is insensitive to such changes. The sensor elements are configured in a Wheatstone bridge circuit and operated at sufficiently high temperature. Upon exposure to gas, the molecules collide with the hot active element causing heat loss and a corresponding change in electrical resistance of the element. The bridge circuit becomes unbalanced, producing an output directly related to gas concentration. The electronic circuitry processes the signal to provide meter indication and activate pre-set audible and visual alarms.

Page 8 H. Carbon Dioxide Sensor

The carbon dioxide sensor utilizes non-dispersive infrared technology (N.D.I.R.) to selectively measure carbon dioxide gas. The sensor basically consists of a cylindrical housing with infrared source and detector elements arranged at opposite ends. In the presence of carbon dioxide gas, the molecules diffuse into the housing and across the optical path between the source and detector elements. The detector immediately responds to a change in infrared radiation due to absorption of infrared by the CO2 gas. An optical filter situated in front of the detector limits the wavelengths of infrared reaching the detector to a narrow band where CO2 exhibits strong absorption characteristics. This makes the detector very selective toward carbon dioxide, eliminating most common interfering gases. The detector element generates electrical current flow related to carbon dioxide gas concentration. Electronic circuitry processes the signal to provide meter indication and activate pre-set audible and visual alarms.

Page 9 I. Remote Amplifier

The remote amplifier is housed in an explosion-proof (or Nema 4X plastic) junction box to which the sensor is also mounted. The amplifier circuitry is encapsulated in a durable resin which offers protection from the elements. The amplifier transmits a standard 4-20 mA signal to the controller where the signal is processed for meter indication and alarm function. The 4-20 mA signal is carried in the two wires interconnecting the amplifier and controller. Test jacks (TPl, TP2) on the amplifier provide a linear 100-500 mV output corresponding to the 4-20 mA signal and 0-100% full-scale gas concentration. Zero and span potentiometers on the amplifier are used for gas calibration of the sensor.

J.

Indicators

Three LED indicators are vertically aligned on each module board adjacent to the 3-digit LED display. The LEDs provide visual indication of alarm status. All LED indications are accompanied by an audible alarm (buzzer) at the controller. The indicators are designated as follows: 1. 2. 3. Low Alarm LED - A yellow LED which illuminates when the low alarm set point is reached and exceeded. High Alarm LED - A red LED which flashes when the high alarm set point is reached and exceeded. Trouble Alarm LED - A red LED which illuminates when a trouble condition is encountered. The trouble LED is activated when the wires interconnecting the controller and sensor are broken.

Page 10

Two LED indicators are located at the lower right-hand corner of the Mother board. The indicators are designated as follows: 1. 2. Power ON LED - A green LED which illuminates whenever power (AC or DC) is supplied to the controller. BATT/Low Power LED - A red LED which illuminates when the controller
switches to battery back-up (optional) or whenever a low power condition (AC or DC) is encountered.

K.

Controls

There are four push button switches located on the Mother board which are utilized for programming operations. The switches are designated as follows: 1. PGM Switch - A push button switch which is used to enter and exit the programming mode. The switch must be pushed and held (approx. 5 sec.) to enter or exit the programming mode. Enter Switch - A push button switch which is used to enter (or accept) various set-up parameters for each channel.

2.

Page 11 3. Down/Up Switches - Push button switches used to select various set-up parameters in the programming mode.

Three other switches are located on the Mother board and are designated as follows: 1. Alarm Reset Switch - A push button switch used to manually reset latching relays. Latching relays can only be reset when the meter reading falls below the corresponding alarm set point. An external reset switch is installed on the righthand side of the fiberglass enclosure. Alarm ON/OFF Switch - A two push button switch used to enable/disable all installed relays. In the OFF position, all relays are nonfunctional. In the ON position, all relays are functional (on enabled channels). Light Switch - A push button switch which is used to backlight the LCD Module. When depressed, backlighting will be provided for approximately 60 seconds.

2.

3.

Page 12 L. LED Displays

Each Module board features a 3-digit LED (7- segment) display for direct reading of gas concentration.

M.

LCD Programming Module

An LCD Module is provided on the Mother board which prompts the user with various selections during programming operations. The LCD Module features backlighting (Light Switch) for easy viewing under low light conditions. An LCD adjust pot. located at the lower right-hand corner of the Mother board permits adjustment of the viewing angle.

N.

Relays

Mechanical double pole - double throw (DPDT) relays (rated 15 AMPS: 120 V AC or 30 VDC RES, 10 AMPS: 277 V AC) are retained on the Power/Digital board where terminals are provided for hook-up of external alarms and devices. Two relays are normally assigned to each channel and are designated as follows:

Page 13 1. 2. Low Alarm Relay - Activated when the low alarm set point is reached and exceeded. High Alarm Relay - Activated when the high alarm set point is reached and exceeded.

Page 14 The low and high alarm relays can be user programmed for either latching or nonlatching function. A single trouble alarm relay is also provided and is common to all channels. The trouble alarm relay (teminal block TB4) is activated whenever a trouble condition is encountered on any of the channels. The trouble alarm relay is actuated when the wires interconnecting the controller and sensor are broken. The trouble relay is normally energized so that an external alarm can be activated in the event of power loss to the controller. When power is maintained at the controller, trouble conditions at each channel are indicated by LEDs on the Module boards and additionally, a dashed-line meter reading on the corresponding 3-digit LED display. NOTE: Although two relays (low and high alarm) are normally assigned to each channel, additional relays can be assigned to each channel or multiple channels assigned to one or more common relays through front panel, push-button programming. Contact factory for TA-2000 Advanced Set-up Procedure. O. Buzzer

A solid-state electronic buzzer is mounted on the left-hand side of the enclosure. The buzzer provides audible indication of alarm conditions at the controller. The buzzer functions as follows: 1. Low Alarm Condition - The buzzer is activated when the meter reading on any channel reaches and exceeds the corresponding low alarm set point. The buzzer is pulsed under low alarm conditions. High Alarm Condition - The buzzer is activated when the meter reading on any channel reaches and exceeds the corresponding high alarm set point. The buzzer is pulsed at a faster rate under high alarm conditions.

2.

Note: To silence the buzzer during an alarm condition, simultaneously push the down and alarm reset switches located on the Mother board. The buzzer will remain silenced until another channel enters an alarm condition.

3.

Trouble Alarm Condition - The buzzer is activated whenever a trouble condition is encountered on any channel. The buzzer is activated when the wires interconnecting the controller and sensor are broken. A steady tone accompanies a trouble alarm condition.

Page 15 P. Data Outputs

The controller is set-up at the factory to provide one of the following data outputs: 1. 2. 3. Regenerated Output: 4-20 mA (factory default) Recorder Output: 0-100 m V Recorder Output: 0-1 VDC

The GND and COM terminals on the Power/Digital board provide access to the recorder and 4-20 mA outputs for each channel.

The data output for each channel is set on the corresponding module board by properly arranging shorting jumpers located at the lower right-hand corner of the board.

Page 16 To change the data output at one or more channels, arrange the shorting jumpers on the corresponding module board as shown below:

Q.

Power Options

The Tox-Array 2000 is designed to operate from a variety of power sources including: 1.

AC Power 90-246 VAC, 47-63 HZ

POWER SUPPLY

2.

DC Power 24 VDC

POWER SUPPLY

DC POWER CONECTOR

Page 17

3.

Battery Back-up (optional) - 12 VDC

R.

Battery Back-up

The connection of a back-up battery provides for uninterrupted operation of the controller in the event of main power (AC or DC) loss. The back-up battery is trickle-charged when the controller is operating under main power. As main power is lost, the controller automatically switches to the back-up battery for uninterrupted operation. The BAT LED on the Mother board illuminates during back-up battery operation. A terminal block is located on the Power/Digital board for battery connection (see Fig. 1).

POWER SUPPLY

S.

External Alarms and Devices

AC/DC POWER CONECTOR

External alarms and devices can be connected to the controller for activation by alarm relays. The relays are rated for 15 AMPS at 120 V AC.

Page 18

NOTE: External alarms and devices are not powered by the controller and therefore require a suitable power source.

Page 19 IV. OPERATION To place the instrument in operation, follow the steps outlined below: 1. Apply 115 V AC power to the controller. Verify that the green POWER ON LED illuminates. The following message should appear on the LCD Module:

After approx. 5 seconds, the warm-up will be complete and the instrument will enter the normal operating mode. The warm-up period is provided to avoid activation of alarms when the instrument is powered up. 2. Verify low and high alarm set points and relay function (latching or nonlatching) by entering the programming mode - refer to Section VI., PROGRAMMING OPERATIONS. Calibrate each of the sensors with an appropriate gas sample of KNOWN concentration --refer to transmitter instruction manual for calibration procedure

3.

The instrument is now ready for use. V. PROGRAMMING OPERATIONS The programming mode is entered to set up each of the channels and/or verify set-up specifications previously installed. Set-up includes specification of the following parameters for each channel: 1. 2. Low and high alarms set points. Low and high alarm relay function, i.e., latching or non-latching

Additionally, any channel can be DISABLED in the programming mode. A disabled channel does not provide readings on the corresponding module board and the assigned relays do not function. However, the transmitter remains powered by the controller and the data output terminals for the disabled channel continue to function. This means that a DISABLED channel can be calibrated at the transmitter (with gas) without activating pre-set alarms. NOTE: If the plug-in MODULE board is removed from the MOTHER board, power to the transmitter is lost and the transmitter therefore does not function. Four programming switches are used in conjunction with the LCD Module to set up the channels.

Page 20

To enter the programming mode, follow the steps outlined below: 1. Press and hold PGM switch (approx. 5 sec.) until the LCD Module reads:

2.

Press ENTER switch to set up channel 1 or press UP/DOWN switches to select another channel for set-up. If another channel is selected, press ENTER switch to initiate channel set-up.

3.

Press ENTER switch to enable channel for normal operation. (Press UP or DOWN switch to disable channel and remove from service. If channel is disabled, set-up will be discontinued on that channel).

Page 21 4. Press UP/DOWN switches to select the low alarm set point as indicated on the corresponding LED channel display. Press ENTER to install low alarm SET POINT.

5.

Press ENTER switch to select low alarm relay function indicated on the LCD Module. Press UP or DOWN switch to change relay function, then press ENTER to install low alarm relay function.

6.

Press UP/DOWN switches to select the high alarm set point as indicated on the corresponding LED channel display. Press ENTER to install high alarm SET POINT.

7.

Press ENTER switch to select high alarm relay function indicated on the LCD Module. Press UP or DOWN switch to change relay function, then press ENTER to install high alarm relay function.

Page 22

The LCD Module now reads:

Set-up of this channel is complete. To continue set-up of other channels, press ENTER switch and proceed with channel set-up as described in steps 2-7, above. To EXIT programming mode, press and hold PGM switch (approx. 5 sec.) until LCD reads:

The instrument will then enter the normal operating mode to provide meter readings on ENABLED channels. The LCD again reads:

E.

MIL-RAM TECHNOLOGY, INC. FREMONT, CA 94538

MIL-RAM TECHNOLOGY, INC. TOXIC GAS DETECTION INSTRUMENTS AND SENSORS - WARRANTY

1. Warranty- Seller warrants that this product will be free from mechanical defect or faulty workmanship for a period of twelve (12) months from date of shipment or one (1) year from installation, whichever occurs first, provided it is maintained and used in accordance with Seller's instructions and/or recommendations. This warranty does not apply to expendable or consumable parts whose normal life expectancy is less than one (1) year such as, but not limited to, non-rechargeable batteries, sensor elements, filter, lamps, fuses etc. The Seller shall be released from all obligations under this warranty in the event repairs or modifications are made by persons other than its own or authorized service personnel or if the warranty claim results from physical abuse or misuse of the product. No agent, employee or representative of the Seller has any authority to bind the Seller to any affirmation, representation or warranty concerning the goods sold under this contract. Seller makes no warranty concerning components or accessories not manufactured by the Seller, but will pass on to the Purchaser all warranties of manufacturers of such components. THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AND IS STRICTLY LIMITED TO THE TERMS HEREOF. SELLER SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 2. Exclusive Remedy-It is expressly agreed that Purchaser's sole and exclusive remedy for breach of the above warranty, for any tortious conduct of Seller, or for any other cause of action, shall be the repair and/or replacement at Seller's option, of any equipment or parts thereof, which after examination by Seller is proven to be defective. Replacement equipment and/or parts will be provided at no cost to Purchaser, F.O.B. Seller's Plant. Failure of Seller to successfully repair any nonconforming product shall not cause the remedy established hereby to fail of its essential purpose. 3. Exclusion of Consequential Damage- Purchaser specifically understands and agrees that under no circumstances will seller be liable to purchaser for economic, special, incidental or consequential damages or losses of any kind whatsoever, including but not limited to, loss of anticipated profits and any other loss caused by reason of nonoperation of the goods. This exclusion is applicable to claims for breach of warranty, tortious conduct or any other cause of action against seller. This warranty covers instruments and parts sold (to users) only by authorized distributors, dealers and representatives as appointed by Mil-Ram Technology, Inc.