SPS Science Form 3

CHAPTER 1: RESPIRATION
1.1 The human breathing mechanism
1
Name the process where air is taken into the lungs. _______________________

Name the process where air is expelled from the lungs. ____________________

What is the structure that protects the lungs? _______________________

4
State the pathway of the movement of air from the nasal cavity to the alveolus.
____________________________________________________________________
5
State whether the volume of thoracic cavity increases or decreases during
inhalation. _______________________

State whether the volume of thoracic cavity increases or decreases during

exhalation. _______________________

State whether the pressure in the thoracic cavity increases or decreases during
exhalation. _______________________

State whether the pressure in the thoracic cavity increases or decreases during
inhalation. _______________________

1.2

State the condition of diaphragm during inhalation. _______________________

10

State the condition of diaphragm during exhalation. _______________________

Transport of oxygen in the human body

1
Name the gas that diffuses into the blood capillaries from the alveolus.
________________
2
3
Name the gas that diffuses from the blood capillaries into the alveolus.
________________

What is the process that occurs in the alveolus? _______________________

State three characteristics of alveolus that can increase the efficiency in the
gaseous exchange.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

In the blood, oxygen combines with haemoglobin to form

____________________________
6 State gases X and Y in the following diagram.

SPS Science Form 3

X : _______________________
Y : _______________________

1.3 The importance of a healthy respiratory system

1
State four substances that cigarette smoke contains
_____________________________________________________________________________

State the substance in cigarette smoke that can blacken the lungs .

___________________

State the substance in cigarette smoke that corrodes the lung cells.

___________________

State the effect of cigarette smoke on the temperature of the lungs.

__________________

What can be observed when cigarette smoke is directed into the hydrogen
carbonate indicator (bicarbonate indicator)? Explain your answer.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

What can be observed when cigarette smoke is directed onto the bulb of

thermometer? Explain your answer.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

What can be observed when cigarette smoke is directed through the white cotton

wool? Explain your answer.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

State two acidic gases released from factories that can damage the human
respiratory system. ______________________________________________

State one gas that vehicle fumes contain which can reduce the ability of blood to
transport oxygen in humans. ______________________________________________

10

State one substance released from a burning forest or burning garbage that can
damage the human lung. _________________________________________________________

SPS Science Form 3

11

State two substances contained in cigarette smoke that can damage the human
respiratory system. ____________________________________________________________

12

State two types of respiratory system illnesses resulting from the inhalation of
certain chemical substances into the lungs.
______________________________________________