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Table A1E
957
958
PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS
TABLE A1E
Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties
Substance
Molar
Gas constant, R
mass, M
Btu/
psiaft3/
Formula lbm/lbmol lbmR*
lbmR*
Air
Ammonia
Argon
Benzene
Bromine
n-Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorine
Chloroform
Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12)
Dichlorofluoromethane (R-21)
Ethane
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene
Helium
n-Hexane
Hydrogen (normal)
Krypton
Methane
Methyl alcohol
Methyl chloride
Neon
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
Oxygen
Propane
Propylene
Sulfur dioxide
Tetrafluoroethane (R-134a)
Trichlorofluoromethane (R-11)
Water
Xenon
28.97
NH3
17.03
Ar
39.948
C6H6
78.115
Br2
159.808
C4H10
58.124
CO2
44.01
CO
28.011
CCl4
153.82
Cl2
70.906
CHCl3
119.38
CCl2F2 120.91
CHCl2F 102.92
C2H6
30.020
C2H5OH 46.07
C2H4
28.054
He
4.003
C6H14
86.178
H2
2.016
Kr
83.80
CH4
16.043
CH3OH
32.042
CH3Cl
50.488
Ne
20.183
N2
28.013
N2O
44.013
O2
31.999
C3H8
44.097
C3H6
42.081
SO2
64.063
CF3CH2F 102.03
CCl3F
137.37
H2O
18.015
Xe
131.30
*Calculated from R
Ru /M, where Ru
1.98588 Btu/lbmolR
0.06855
0.1166
0.04971
0.02542
0.01243
0.03417
0.04513
0.07090
0.01291
0.02801
0.01664
0.01643
0.01930
0.06616
0.04311
0.07079
0.4961
0.02305
0.9851
0.02370
0.1238
0.06198
0.03934
0.09840
0.07090
0.04512
0.06206
0.04504
0.04719
0.03100
0.01946
0.01446
0.1102
0.01513
0.3704
0.6301
0.2686
0.1374
0.06714
0.1846
0.2438
0.3831
0.06976
0.1517
0.08988
0.08874
0.1043
0.3574
0.2329
0.3825
2.6809
0.1245
5.3224
0.1280
0.6688
0.3349
0.2125
0.5316
0.3830
0.2438
0.3353
0.2433
0.2550
1.1675
0.1052
0.07811
0.5956
0.08172
Critical-point properties
Temperature, Pressure,
R
psia
238.5
729.8
272
1012
1052
765.2
547.5
240
1001.5
751
965.8
692.4
813.0
549.8
929.0
508.3
9.5
914.2
59.9
376.9
343.9
923.7
749.3
80.1
227.1
557.4
278.6
665.9
656.9
775.2
673.6
848.1
1164.8
521.55
Volume,
ft3/lbmol
547
1636
705
714
1500
551
1071
507
661
1120
794
582
749
708
926
742
33.2
439
188.1
798
673
1154
968
395
492
1054
736
617
670
1143
588.7
635
3200
852
Source: K. A. Kobe and R. E. Lynn, Jr., Chemical Review 52 (1953), pp. 117236, and ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals (Atlanta, GA: American
Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), pp. 16.4 and 36.1.
1.41
1.16
1.20
4.17
2.17
4.08
1.51
1.49
4.42
1.99
3.85
3.49
3.16
2.37
2.68
1.99
0.926
5.89
1.04
1.48
1.59
1.89
2.29
0.668
1.44
1.54
1.25
3.20
2.90
1.95
3.19
3.97
0.90
1.90
959
APPENDIX 2
TABLE A2E
Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases
(a) At 80F
Gas
Formula
Air
Argon
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
Ethylene
Helium
Hydrogen
Methane
Neon
Nitrogen
Octane
Oxygen
Propane
Steam
Ar
C4H10
CO2
CO
C2H6
C2H4
He
H2
CH4
Ne
N2
C8H18
O2
C3H8
H2O
Gas constant, R
Btu/lbmR
0.06855
0.04971
0.03424
0.04513
0.07090
0.06616
0.07079
0.4961
0.9851
0.1238
0.09840
0.07090
0.01742
0.06206
0.04504
0.1102
cp
Btu/lbmR
cv
Btu/lbmR
0.240
0.1253
0.415
0.203
0.249
0.427
0.411
1.25
3.43
0.532
0.246
0.248
0.409
0.219
0.407
0.445
0.171
0.0756
0.381
0.158
0.178
0.361
0.340
0.753
2.44
0.403
0.1477
0.177
0.392
0.157
0.362
0.335
Source: Gordon J. Van Wylen and Richard E. Sonntag, Fundamentals of Classical Thermodynamics, English/SI Version, 3rd ed.
(New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1986), p. 687, Table A8E.
k
1.400
1.667
1.09
1.285
1.399
1.183
1.208
1.667
1.404
1.32
1.667
1.400
1.044
1.395
1.124
1.329
960
PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS
TABLE A2E
Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (Continued)
(b) At various temperatures
Temp., cp
F
Btu/lbmR
cv
Btu/lbmR
cp
Btu/lbmR
Air
40
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1500
2000
0.240
0.240
0.241
0.243
0.245
0.248
0.250
0.254
0.257
0.259
0.263
0.276
0.286
0.171
0.172
0.173
0.174
0.176
0.179
0.182
0.185
0.188
0.191
0.195
0.208
0.217
3.397
3.426
3.451
3.461
3.466
3.469
3.473
3.477
3.494
3.502
3.513
3.618
3.758
2.412
2.441
2.466
2.476
2.480
2.484
2.488
2.492
2.509
2.519
2.528
2.633
2.773
0.195
0.205
0.217
0.229
0.239
0.247
0.255
0.262
0.269
0.275
0.280
0.298
0.312
Hydrogen, H2
40
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1500
2000
cv
Btu/lbmR
0.150
0.160
0.172
0.184
0.193
0.202
0.210
0.217
0.224
0.230
0.235
0.253
0.267
1.300
1.283
1.262
1.246
1.233
1.223
1.215
1.208
1.202
1.197
1.192
1.178
1.169
cp
Btu/lbmR
0.248
0.248
0.249
0.250
0.251
0.254
0.256
0.260
0.262
0.265
0.269
0.283
0.293
0.177
0.178
0.178
0.179
0.180
0.183
0.185
0.189
0.191
0.194
0.198
0.212
0.222
Carbon monoxide, CO
0.248
0.249
0.249
0.251
0.253
0.256
0.259
0.262
0.266
0.269
0.273
0.287
0.297
Nitrogen, N2
1.409
1.404
1.399
1.398
1.397
1.397
1.396
1.395
1.393
1.392
1.390
1.374
1.355
cv
Btu/lbmR
0.177
0.178
0.179
0.180
0.182
0.185
0.188
0.191
0.195
0.198
0.202
0.216
0.226
1.400
1.399
1.397
1.394
1.389
1.384
1.377
1.371
1.364
1.357
1.351
1.328
1.314
Oxygen, O2
1.400
1.399
1.398
1.396
1.393
1.388
1.383
1.377
1.371
1.364
1.359
1.334
1.319
0.219
0.220
0.223
0.226
0.230
0.235
0.239
0.242
0.246
0.249
0.252
0.263
0.270
0.156
0.158
0.161
0.164
0.168
0.173
0.177
0.181
0.184
0.187
0.190
0.201
0.208
1.397
1.394
1.387
1.378
1.368
1.360
1.352
1.344
1.337
1.331
1.326
1.309
1.298
961
APPENDIX 2
TABLE A2E
Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (Concluded)
(c) As a function of temperature
cp
bT
cT2
dT3
(T in R, cp in Btu/lbmolR)
Temperature
Substance
Formula
Nitrogen
N2
6.903
0.02085
10
0.05957
10
0.1176
10
491-3240
0.59
0.34
Oxygen
Air
O2
6.085
6.713
0.2017
0.02609
10
10
0.05275
10
0.05372
10
491-3240
1.19
0.28
Hydrogen
Carbon monoxide
H2
CO
6.952
6.726
0.02542
0.02222
10
10
Carbon dioxide
Water vapor
Nitric oxide
CO2
H2O
NO
5.316
7.700
7.008
0.79361
0.02552
0.01247
10
10
10
Nitrous oxide
Nitrogen dioxide
Ammonia
Sulfur
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
Acetylene
Benzene
Methanol
Ethanol
Hydrogen chloride
N2O
NO2
NH3
S2
SO2
SO3
C2H2
C6H6
CH4O
C2H6O
HCl
5.758
5.48
6.5846
6.499
6.157
3.918
5.21
8.650
4.55
4.75
7.244
0.7780
0.7583
0.34028
0.2943
0.7689
1.935
1.2227
6.4322
1.214
2.781
0.1011
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Methane
Ethane
Propane
n-Butane
i-Butane
n-Pentane
n-Hexane
Ethylene
Propylene
CH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10
C4H10
C5H12
C6H14
C2H4
C3H6
4.750
1.648
0.966
0.945
1.890
1.618
1.657
0.944
0.753
0.6666
2.291
4.044
4.929
5.520
6.028
7.328
2.075
3.162
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0.03540
0.02952
0.03960
0.2581
0.07781
0.07185
0.2596
0.260
0.073034
0.1200
0.2810
0.8256
0.4812
2.327
0.0898
0.7651
0.09783
0.09352
0.4722
1.159
1.352
1.696
1.656
2.112
0.6151
0.8981
10
10
10
10 5
10 5
10
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
10 5
0.08052
0.03565 10 9
0.09100
0.3059
10 9
0.1472
10 9
0.1715
0.4331
10 9
0.322
10 9
0.27402 10 9
0.1632
10 9
0.3527
10 9
1.328
10 9
0.7457
10 9
3.179
10 9
0.329
10 9
0.821
10 9
0.1776
0.4510
10 9
0.2984
10 9
1.300
10 9
1.433
10 9
2.044
10 9
1.732
10 9
2.363
10 9
0.7326
10 9
1.008
10 9
range, R
Max.
% error
Avg.
10 9 491-3240 0.72
491-3240 1.02
0.26
10 9 491-3240 0.89
491-3240 0.67
0.22
491-3240 0.53
0.24
10 9 491-2700 0.97
491-2700 0.59
0.26
491-2700 0.46
0.18
491-2700 0.91
0.36
491-3240 0.99
0.38
491-3240 0.45
0.24
491-2340 0.29
0.13
491-2700 1.46
0.59
491-2700 0.34
0.20
491-1800 0.18
0.08
491-2700 0.40
0.22
10 9 491-2740 0.22
491-2740 1.33
0.57
491-2740 0.83
0.28
491-2740 0.40
0.12
491-2740 0.54
0.24
491-2740 0.25
0.13
491-2740 0.56
0.21
491-2740 0.72
0.20
491-2740 0.54
0.13
491-2740 0.73
0.17
Source: Chemical and Process Thermodynamics 3/E by Kyle, B. G., 2000. Adapted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
0.33
0.37
0.36
0.08