Parts of Computer

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7/14/12

PART I:

SYST EM

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

1. People are the most important part and beneficiary of a computer and communication system.

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

People as complicating factor:

Human emotions affect performanc e.

Faulty assessmen t of informatio n needs.

Human perception s maybe too slow.

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

2. Procedures - are

description of how things are done.

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

3. Data/Information
Data-are considered the raw material (whether in paper, electronic or other forms) processed by the computer. Information is summarized data or otherwise manipulated data that is useful for decisionmaking.

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

Charact e-ristics of useful information

Releva nt Timel y Accura te Concis

e Comple te

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

KIL O MEG A Gig a Ter a Pet

Units of measurement for capacity

B Y T E S

1,000 Bytes
1,000,000 Bytes
1,000,000,000 Bytes

1 Trillion Bytes
1 Quadrillion Bytes

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

4. Hardware is consist of all machinery equipment in a computer system.

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

A. Input Hardware

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

B. Processing and Memory Hardware

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

C. Output Hardware

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

D. Secondary Storage Hardware (eternal storage)

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

E. Communication Hardware

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

5. Software or program consists of step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task.

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

Two Major Types of Software

1.

Applicati ons Software System Softwa

Customized Software Packaged Software

2.

Six Elements Computer and Communication System

6. Communicatio n is electronic transfer of data from one place to another of all six elements in a computerandcommunicatio n system.

PART II:

Data Process

A. Three-part Source of function

data Transformation of data Management Information B. Area of processing Scientific data processing
Data

Business data processing

C. Data Originatio processing cycle

n Inpu t rocessin P g Classifying

Calculating Recording Summarizin g Outpu

t torage and S feedback

Data

D. Three Primary Stages of Application Batch

processing On-line processing Distributed processing E. Classification of computer Purpos e General-purpose

computer Special-purpose computer

Data

E. Classification of computer Type of

data Analog

Computers Digital Computers Hybrid Computers

Capacit y

Data

PART III:

Classif ication

Classification of Computers (according to capacity)

1. Research development fields Workstation

High speed processing of complex, scientific and engineering application Product design/manufacturing fields Used in CAD, CAM, etc. Application Software development field Use of CASE tools, etc. Communication network field Client machine or server mahines in distributed processing systems

2. General-Purpose Computers

Classification of Computers (according to capacity)

3. Super Computers

4. Main Frames

Classification of Computers (according to capacity)

5. Microcomputers

6. Minicomputers

Classification of Computers (according to capacity)

7. Personal Computers

8. Notebook Computers

Classification of Computers (according to capacity)

9. Smaller Still: Personal Digital Assistants