Foot Anatomy

Bone Anatomy
Tarsal Bones
Calcaneus
Sustentaculum Tali Peroneal Tubercle

Cuboid Navicular 3 Cuneiforms 5 metatarsals 5 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)

Exception

Division of the Foot

Rearfoot Midfoot Forefoot

Hindfoot (Rearfoot)
Subtalor Joint
Talus and calcaneus articulation Individual Bone Formation
Calcaneus
Calcaneal Tuberosity Sustentaculum Tali

Inferior Talus
Three facets Five functional articulation

Midfoot
Composed of
Navicular 3 cuneiforms cuboid

Forefoot
5 MTs
Proximally 1-3 articulate with cuneiforms Proximally 4-5 articulate with cuboid Bases articulate with:

Phalanges

Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Subtalor Joint
Three facets Motions of the Subtalor Joint
Supination Components Pronation Components

WB vs NWB Status of Foot at Subtalor joint

Hindfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Subtalor Joint
Ligamentous Support Intra-articular Ligaments Interosseous Talocalcaneal Ligamentum Cervis Medial Talocalcaneal Lateral Talocalcaneal

Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Six Joints
Talocalcaneonavicular Calcaneocuboid Cuboideonavicular Intercuneiform Cuneocuboid Cuneonavicular

Transverse Tarsal
Comprised by calcaneocuboid & talonavicular

Stability Related to subtalor joint

Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Ligamentous Support
Talocalcaneonavicular Joint
Plantar Calcaneonavicular (Spring Ligament) Talonavicular Bifurcate
Calcaneonavicular Calcaneocuboid

Calcaneocuboid Joint
Bifurcate Ligament
Calcaneocuboid portion

Plantar Calcaneocuboid Long Plantar Ligament

Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Ligamentous Support
Intercuneiform Joints
Dorsal and Plantar Intercuneifrom Ligaments

Cuneocuboid
Plantar and Dorsal Cuneocuboid Ligaments

Cuneonavicular Joints
Plantar and Dorsal Cuneonavicular Ligaments

Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Tarsometatarsal Joint (Lisfrancs Joint) Intermetatarsal Joint Metatarsalphalangeal Joint (MTP) Interphalangeal Joint
PIP DIP

Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Ligamentous Support
Intermetatarsal Joint
Proximal Distal

MTP Joints
Plantar Fascia Plantar Ligament MCL and LCL

Interphalangeal Joints

Plantar and dorsal join capsule MCL and LCL

Arches of the Foot

Function Medial Longitudinal Arch Lateral Longitudinal Arch Transverse Arch

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch
Calcaneus Talus Navicular 1-3 cuneiforms 1-3 MTs Function

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
Ligament Support
Plantar Calcaneonavicular Long Plantar Lig Deltoid Plantar fascia

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
Ligament Support
Plantar Calcaneonavicular Long Plantar Lig Deltoid Plantar fascia

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
Ligament Support
Plantar Calcaneonavicular Long Plantar Lig Deltoid Plantar fascia

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
Ligament Support
Plantar Calcaneonavicular Long Plantar Lig Deltoid Plantar fascia

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
Muscular Support
Intrinsic
Abductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Extrinsic
Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Anterior Flexor Digitorm Longus

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
Muscular Support
Intrinsic
Abductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Extrinsic
Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Anterior Flexor Digitorm Longus

Arches of the Foot

Lateral Longitudinal Arch
Composed of
Calcaneus Cuboid 4-5th MTs

Ligament Support
Long & Short Plantar Plantar Fascia

Arches of the Foot

Lateral Longitudinal Arch continued
Muscle Support
Intrinsic
Abductor Digiti Minimi Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Extrinisic
Peroneus Longus, Brevis & Tertius

Summary of Arches

Arches of the Foot

Transverse Arch
Formed By: Ligament Support
Intermetatarsal Ligaments Plantar Fascia

Muscle Support
All intrinsic muscles Extrinisic
Tibialis Posterior Tibialis Anterior Peroneus Longus

Foot Muscles Plantar Surface

Superficial Layer
Abductor Hallucis Abductor Digiti Minimi Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Foot Muscles Plantar Surface

Middle Layer
Quadratus Plantae Lumbricales

Foot Muscles Plantar Surface

Deep Layer
Flexor Hallucis Brevis Adductor Hallucis
Transverse and Oblique Heads

Flexor Digiti Minimi

Foot Muscles Plantar Surface

Interosseus Layer
Plantar Interossei Dorsal Interossei

Foot Muscles Dorsal Surface

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Hallucis Brevis