Power Quality

in
Eastern Region

Power Quality
Power Quality (PQ) describes the health of power consumed by the consumer. Quality power supply means uninterrupted, reliable electric supply at stipulated voltage and frequency. Power quality PQ is described in terms of following parameters:

Continuity of service Variation in voltage magnitude Transient voltage & currents Harmonics

Standards for Frequency

CERC has defined the operating frequency range as 49.5-50.2 Hz w.e.f. 3.5.10. Earlier, the operating frequency range was 49.250.3 Hz With the passage of time, CERC is endeavoring to narrow the frequency band.

Frequency
India at present has two grids, NEW grid and Southern Grid NEW grid comprises of North, West, East and North Eastern Region. Frequency of NEW grid for last three months are:
<49.2Hz MARCH'11 0.10 49.249.5Hz 3.31 49.5-49.7Hz 14.75 49.7-50.2Hz 79.47 > 50.2Hz 2.37 IEGC BAND

94.22 91.73 92.11

APRIL'11

0.61

6.37

23.1

68.63

1.29

MAY'11

0.19

2.98

13.36

78.75

4.72

More than 95% of the time frequency stays above 49.5 Hz

Measures taken to operate within permissible frequency band

All the thermal generating stations above 200 MW and hydro units above 10 MW are operated in Restricted Governor Mode of Operation to ensure optimum generator (s) response. Under Frequency Relays are installed to arrest any unwanted frequency dip caused by load generation mismatch. Eastern Region had three stages of UFR relays:

1st Stage: 48.5 Hz, 300 MW load cut, Instantaneous 2nd Stage: 48.2 Hz, 300 MW load cut. Instantaneous 3rd Stage:48.0 Hz, 410 MM load cut, Instantaneous

Standard Voltage
Voltage (kV rms) Nominal 765 400 220 132 110 66 33 Maximum 800 420 245 145 121 72 36 Minimum 728 380 198 122 99 60 30

Voltages in Northern and Central parts of ER

MAY-11
MAX MUZAFFARPUR 433 MIN 395 MAX 433 NORTHERN PART 395

APRIL-11
MIN

BIHARSARIFF
SASARAM BINAGURI PATNA KHSTPP FSTPP DURGAPUR JAMSHEDPUR

431
430 433 425 434 425 425 429

397
394 402 407 407 401 403 395

431
434 436 425 436 426 427 430

405
395 404 407 417 409 407 407

CENTRAL PART

MAITHON
MALDA JERAT ARAMBAGH

430
421 417 419

415
400 375 383

431
431 417 419

414
414 378 399

BAKRESWAR

408

385

406

385

Voltages (kV) in Southern Part of ER

MAY-11 APRIL-11 MIN

MAX

MIN
SOUTHERN

MAX

TSTPP RENGALI

410 404

398 390

418 405

400 389

JEYPORE
ROURKELA MERAMUNDALI

430
422 420

396
406 397

428
423 418

394
405 396

Observation about voltages

Unlike other regions, Eastern Region suffers from high voltages
Quite a number of 400 kV lines are kept open to control over voltage Reactors are being planned to control over voltage. (viz. Recent ERPC approved installation of 125 MVAr bus reactor at Biharshariff s/s). Optimization of power order in HVDC, Gazuwaka and Talcher-Kolar HVDC line are being thought of so that no MVAR from any of the HVDC station is injected to the grid. Testing and declaration of Reactive capability of ISGS at different power level are being done so that generators of the ISGS can be fully exploited to control voltages

Power Supply Position for 2010-11 Peak Demand (MW)

Peak Demand Bihar DVC Jharkhand 2,140 2,059 1,108 Demand Met 1,659 2,046 1,052 Shortage -481 -13 -56 % Shortage -22.5 -0.6 -5.1

Orissa
West Bengal Sikkim Eastern Region

3,872
6,162 106 13,767

3,792
6,112 104 13,085

-80
-50 -2 -682

-2.1
-0.8 -1.9 -5

Power Supply Position for 2010-11 Energy (MU)

% Energy Requirement Bihar DVC Jharkhand Orissa West Bengal Sikkim Eastern Region 12,384 16,590 6,195 22,506 36,481 402 94,558 Energy met 10,772 15,071 5,985 22,449 35,847 402 90,526 Shortage -1,612 -1,519 -210 -57 -634 0 -4,032 Shor tage -13 -9.2 -3.4 -0.3 -1.7 0 -4.3

Number of major Grid Disturbances in ER Year 2009-10 2010-11 GD-2 2 1 GD-3 1 0

Coming together is a beginning, staying together is progress, and working together is success. ----- Henry Ford