Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSH MS) in Malaysia

Dato Ir Dr Johari Basri Executive Director NIOSH Malaysia

DOSH, MALAYSIA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OSH MALAYSIA

NIOSH
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS Financial ISO OSH MS Resources CONSULTANCY Products & Services INFORMATION DISEMINATION IT System Support from Goverment
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HR Equipment Development & Asset

TRAINING

What is a Management System?

The leadership and structure that ensure work is done in a consistent manner over time to include organisational strategy for the use of information, for the purpose of managing specific potential loss issues through the Deming P-D-C-A management cycle.

The need for a Management System

To follow global trends and practices in managing any loss potential issues such as quality, environment, health & safety, security, etc. To maintain consistency on OSH practices and controlling work place hazards To take advantage of the opportunity for continual improvement initiatives

To integrate several issues into a single system that includes quality, security, environment, health & safety, etc.
Accident statistics has reached a plateau
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INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS STATISTICS REPORTED TO SOCSO 1993-2002

140,000 Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 120,000 Mining

Manufacturing 100,000 Electrical, gas and cleaning services

80,000

construction services

Commerce 60,000

Transportation

Finance & Insurance 40,000 Public Services 20,000

Other services

Total 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

FATAL ACCIDENTS REPORTED TO SOCSO 1994-2002

1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600
Pengangkutan Pertanian, Perhutanan dan Perikanan Perlombongan dan Kuari Perkilangan Perkhidmatan elektrik, gas, air & kebersihan Pembinaan Perdangan

400 200 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Institusi Kewangan & Insuran Perkhidmatan Perkhidmatan Awam Jumlah

Evolution in OSHMS Development

UK
Certifying Organizations

In 1996, the British Standards Institution (BSI) announced BS 8800, which later became the basis of OSH MS

In April 1999, the major European certifying organizations led by BSI played the central role in the formulation of OHSAS 18001
Integration of OSH MS into ISO management system standards were twice considered but voted down ILO announced its OSHMS guidelines in December 2001 Malaysia has MS-OSHMS guidelines in 2003
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ISO ILO
Malaysia

Objectives of OSHMS
Introduction of an OSHMS
Integration of Management
Establishment of a company-wide promotion system

Preemptive Safety and Health Measures

Elimination or reduction of potential hazards

Promotion of Voluntary Responses

Enforce/reinforce system and effective autonomous activities

Further Decline in Industrial Accidents

Elevate standard of Safety and Health

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Characteristics of OSHMS

1. Autonomous System of the PDCA Cycle 2. Contain Management Directives, Procedures and Record Keeping

3. Identification of potential hazards

4. Organisation-wide promotion activities

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CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
The Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle
1. PLAN
Set objectives based on assesment and consensus

2. DO
Implement plans to achieve objectives

The Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle

Take appropriate actions Measure progress against objectives

1. PLAN
Set objectives based on assesment and consensus

2. DO
Implement plans to achieve objectives

4. REVIEW

3. CHECK
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Take appropriate actions

Measure progress against objectives

4. REVIEW

3. CHECK
111

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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia

OSHA 94 requirements include elements of OSH MS such as safety policy, organisation, and training, but as it is worded in legal terms, it does not provide for the step by step approach to form a complete Management System Thus, in order for the companies to comply with the law, there is a need for a structured format such as provided by OSH MS for implementation

In general, the development of OSH programs and activities are very much driven by legal requirements (the Act, Regulations or Code of Practice) Program Approach
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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia

However, large companies already implement some form of OSH MS, e.g. PSMS in the oil and gas industries, but here, it is specific to the nature of the industry. In other words, most of the industries are still dependant on government or regulators in managing their safety and health The OSH-MS assists industries to manage safety and health at the workplace based on the system approach (Plan-Do-Check-Act concept) with the OSH legal requirements forming the framework of the OSH-MS

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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia

The systematic OSH approach for continual improvement with the commitment and leadership of top management and active participation of employees provide the basis for self-regulation embraced by the OSH Act 1994
There is an increasing demand from developed countries to incorporate safety and health as part of business/trade requirements

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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia

OSH Program Approach e.g. machinery inspection Safety Committee CHRA Medical surveillance

System Approach OSHMS

System approach is holistic in the sense that it helps to identify all relevant input and requirements, and then creates a framework of procedures to ensure that compliance is comprehensive and consistently achieved.
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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia

FMA 1967 OSHA 1994

Other Business Processes Quality Environment Productivity

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OSH MS : the holistic approach MAN Safe design Guarding

Behaviour Based safety Kiken Yochi Training

Chemicals Noise OSH MS WORKING ENVIRONMENT (MEDIA)

MACHINE P O P E A

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Status of OSHMS Efforts

Results from survey on 310 businesses 2004.
To date more than 150 organisations have voluntarily established OSHMS in Malaysia according to several standards such as OHSAS 18001 and MS-1722.
Under Implementation/ Operation Under construction

7.10% 29.70%

14.20% 13.90%

Construction planned Introduction under consideration No plans for introduction Other

5.50% 30%

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Requirements that Help Facilitate Introduction

Incentives for workplaces that have completed introduction Guidance and support from specialists Outside services such as training courses

29.00% 18.70% 22.30% 12.30% 22.30% 11.90% 52.30% 20.70%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
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Certification services
Publication of statistics that show accident reductions, etc. Statistical charts on the state of introductions Provision of examples of introduction results at other companies Other

Source : Survey

Results from OSHMS Introduction

Responses from 44 companies that had completed introduction
Heightened safety and health levels Reduced dangers and hazards at workplaces Reduced industrial accidents and near misses Continuous and consecutive health and safety management Increased external credibility Easier business dealings Improved relationship with labor union Other

79.50% 65.90% 22.70% 75.00% 15.90% 0.00% 0.00% 9.10%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 21

National Construction Safety Masterplan

Provide a comprehensive framework for to enhance safety and health at the construction site This plan was developed based on tripartite involvement One of the thrust of the framework is for the construction industry to implement OSH MS system at the workplace with emphasis on DIY approach. Companies that has successfully implemented the OSH MS will be given recognition, and given priority in securing government projects for the start.

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Voluntary Initiatives in Promoting OSH MS

Mentor-mentee program

NGOs e.g. MSOSH, CICM, MTUC, MEF creating awareness for OSH MS implementation Contractor Safety Passport System
OSH in Schools

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Critical Success Factors (CSF)

VISION + URGENCY + CAPABILITY + INCENTIVE + RESOURCES + ACTION PLAN =
Mission, Vision

OBJECTIVES

SUCCESS
But Health and Safety is a Journey. You may pass some milestones, but you never arrive at a destination.
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Obstacles in OSHMS Introduction

1. Perspective
There is high resistance to the effort to introduce OSH MS due to the perception of OSH MS being completely new and untested.

2. System/Costs
Difficulty in developing the system. Difficulty in educating/securing personnel to start the system. Inability to secure a budget. High costs, such as for training.

3. Method of Introduction
Few examples/information about companies already implementing the system. Not knowing the proper approach on how to introduce the system. Need for guidelines that small and medium sized companies can use. Few training courses on system implementation/operation available.

4. Effects & Motivation

Current management system is deemed sufficiently effective. Top management lack intention to introduce the system. Top management not convinced whether OSH MS will be effective.
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Benefits of OSHMS
1. Prevention of industrial incidents through elimination of potential hazards.

2. Elevating the level of health and safety awareness with continual improvement in the implementation of OSHMS.
3. Effective management of health and safety through clarification of roles and responsibilities, procedures and documentation. 4. Creation of a workplace where employees can work without anxiety, with the establishment of a safer and healthier work environment.

5. Recognition by society as a company that is free of industrial incidents.

6. Reduction of unnecessary losses through reduction of industrial incidents.
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