GLASSWARES

Geromil J. Lara, RMT, MSMT

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

BOROSILICATE GLASS

Melts at temperature

between 750 and 1,100 degrees Celsius Hard, free of heavy metals Resistant to thermal shock and alkaline corrosion

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

BOROSILICATE GLASS

Used for situations

involving sudden changes in temperature, an open flame, or electric heating elements

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

BOROSILICATE GLASS

Should not be heated above

its strain point

Pyrex Corex Kimax Vycor

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

BOROSILICATE GLASS

Pyrex
Strain point of

515 degrees Celsius

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

BOROSILICATE GLASS

Corex
High-impact,

extremely strong glass often used in the manufacture of centrifuge tubes With aluminosilicate

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

BOROSILICATE GLASS

Vycor
Recommended for use

in application involving high temperature, drastic heat shock, and extreme chemical

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

BOROSILICATE GLASS

Vycor
Used primarily in

ashing and ignition techniques

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

BOROSILICATE GLASS

Vycor
Can be heated to

900 degrees Celsius and can withstand downshocks from this temperature to ice water

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

SODA-LIME GLASS

Sometimes referred to as

flint glass Has a high coefficient of expansion Readily attacked by alkaline solutions

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

SODA-LIME GLASS

Commonly used for making

volumetric flasks, stirring rods, and single-use pipets or tubes Minerals can be leached from the glass into the stored solutions

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

LOW ACTINIC GLASS

Used to reduce

light exposure to its content Amber-colored glass

GENERAL CATEGORIES OF GLASS

HIGH SILICA GLASS

Similar to quartz Accurate

spectrophotometer cuvettes

MEASURING VESSELS
GRADUATED CYLINDERS

Semi-accurate Extremely convenient for

rapid measurement of liquid volumes Should never be heated

MEASURING VESSELS
BURETS

Can deliver any volume up to

its maximum capacity Used for titration Extremely accurate in dispensing aliquots of a solution

MEASURING VESSELS
VOLUMETRIC FLASK

Designed to prepare

solutions of precisely known concentrations

Standard solutions

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Used to transfer measured

volumes of liquid between containers

Design Drainage characteristics Type

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Design
To Contain (TC)

holds or contains a particular volume but does not dispense that exact volume

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Design
To Deliver (TD)

made by weighing the necessary volume of water which when allowed to flow by gravity will deliver the exact volume

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Drainage Characteristics To Deliver (TD) Those with a single painted or frosted ring at the top should be allowed to simply drain with the tip placed against the side of the receiving vessel self-draining

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Drainage Characteristics To Deliver (TD) Those with double rings are designed to be "blown out" by pushing a small amount of air out of the pipet, completely emptying it

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Mohr pipet
Does not have

graduations to the tip self-draining pipet, but the tip should not be allowed to touch the vessel while the pipet is draining

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Serologic pipet
Has graduation marks

to the tip, and is generally a blowout pipet

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Micropipet
With a total holding

volume of less than 1 mL It may be designed as either a Mohr or serologic pipet

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS

Transfer pipet Designed to dispense one volume without further subdivisions

Ostwald-Folin Pipet Pasteur Pipet

MEASURING VESSELS
PIPETS
Automatic and Semi-

automatic pipet Commonly used in the clinical laboratory