Call Flow

Soc Classification level 1 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Content:
Message Flow System Information Block Type Common Call Failure Analysis

Soc Classification level 2 Nokia Siemens Networks

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CS Call Flow (1/3)

UE

BTS
RRC: RRC Connection Request NBAP: Radio Link Setup Request NBAP: Radio Link Setup Response ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm) RRC: RRC Connection Setup L1 Synchronization NBAP: Synchronization Indicator RRC: RRC Connection Setup Complete RRC: Initial Direct Transfer (MM: CM Service Request)

RNC

CN

RANAP: Initial UE Message (MM: CM Service Request) RANAP: Common ID RANAP: Security Mode Command RRC: Security Mode Command RRC: Security Mode Complete RANAP: Security Mode Complete RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer (CC: Setup) RANAP: Direct Transfer (CC: Setup) RANAP: Direct Transfer (Identity Request) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer (MM: Identity Request) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer (MM: Identity Response) RANAP: Direct Transfer (MM: Identity Response) RANAP: Direct Transfer (CC: Call Proceeding) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer (CC: Call Proceeding)
Soc Classification level 3 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

CS Call Flow (2/3)

UE

BTS
NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Ready ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm)

RNC
RANAP: RAB Assignment Request

CN

ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm) NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Commit) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete RANAP: RAB Assignment Response RANAP: Direct Transfer (CC: Alerting)

RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer (CC: Alerting)

RANAP: Direct Transfer (CC: Connect)

RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer (CC: Connect) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer (CC: Connect Acknowledge)
RANAP: Direct Transfer (CC: Connect Acknowledge) Conversation In Progress RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer (CC: Disconnect) RANAP: Direct Transfer (CC: Disconnect) RANAP: Direct Transfer (CC: Release) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer (CC: Release) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer (CC: Release Complete) RANAP: Direct Transfer (CC: Release Complete) RANAP: Iu Release Command RANAP: Iu Release Complete
Soc Classification level 4 Nokia Siemens Networks

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CS Call Flow (3/3)

UE

BTS

RNC
ALCAP: REL (Release Request) ALCAP: RLC (Release Confirm) SCCP: RLSD (Released) SCCP: RLC (Release Complete)

CN

RRC: RRC Connection Release RRC: RRC Connection Release Complete NBAP: Radio Link Deletion Request

NBAP: Radio Link Deletion Response ALCAP: REL (Release Request)

ALCAP: RCL (Release Confirm)

Soc Classification level 5 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RRC Setup Phase (1/5)

UE

BTS
RRC: RRC Connection Request

RNC

CN

Common cause on RRC Connection Request: Originating Conversational Call CS calls. Originating High Priority Signaling PS calls. Originating Low Priority Signaling SMS. Registration LAC/RAC update or GPRS Attach. InterRAT Reselection InterRAT reselection from 2G. Others.

Soc Classification level 6 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RRC Setup Phase (2/5)

Contains initial UE identity and established cause to indicate the reason for the connection establishment.

Soc Classification level 7 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RRC Setup Phase (3/5)

UE

BTS
RRC: RRC Connection Request NBAP: Radio Link Setup Request NBAP: Radio Link Setup Response ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm) RRC: RRC Connection Setup L1 Synchronization NBAP: Synchronization Indicator RRC: RRC Connection Setup Complete

RNC

CN

RRC connection: N300 the number of repetition on RRC Connection Request. T300 the interval between each repetition on RRC Connection Request.

When a physical dedicated channel established is initiated by the UE, the UE starts timer T312 and wait for L1 to indicate N312 in sync indications.
On receiving N312 in sync indications, the physical channel is considered established and the timer T312 stopped and reset. When synchronization indication is received, the outer loop and closed loop power control will start.

Soc Classification level 8 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RRC Setup Phase (4/5)

How to identify whether the UE is in dual mode or force mode?
Check on GSM Classmark 2 & 3 info in RRC Connection Setup Complete.

Soc Classification level 9 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RRC Setup Phase (5/5)

In Force Mode. There isnt any InterRAT-UE-RadioAccessCapability info.

Soc Classification level 10 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RAB Setup Phase CS Calls

UE

BTS

RNC
RANAP: RAB Assignment Request AC to check whether to accept or reject RAB Assignment Request

CN

NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Ready ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm) ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm) NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Commit) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete RANAP: RAB Assignment Response

If successful reservation of resources at BTS, NBAP: Radio link Reconfiguration Ready will be sent to RNC.

Soc Classification level 11 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RAB Setup Phase PS Calls

UE

BTS
RRC: Activate PDP Context Request

RNC
RANAP: RAB Assignment Request AC to check whether to accept or reject RAB Assignment Request

CN

RANAP: Activate PDP Context Request

NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Ready ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm) ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm) NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Commit) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete RANAP: RAB Assignment Response RANAP: Activate PDP Context Accept RRC: Activate PDP Context Accept

If successful reservation of resources at BTS, NBAP: Radio link Reconfiguration Ready will be sent to RNC.

Soc Classification level 12 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RRC & L3 Message Flow (1/2)

Measurement_Control contains: Defined 3G & 2G neighbours. Intra & inter Frequency, irat handover criteria.

Soc Classification level 13 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RRC & L3 Message Flow (2/2)

MTCs ISDN number

UE IMEI number
Soc Classification level 14 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Late Assignment Feature RAB Setup (1/2)

When Call_Proceeding is received in the MOC, CN will send a paging message to the MTC. Types of paging: Paging_type I - UE in Idle mode Paging_type II - UE in connected mode

Soc Classification level 15 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Late Assignment Feature RAB Setup (2/2)

As soon as Call_Confirmed is received by the RNC, CN will send RAB assignment request to RNC with requested max bit rate followed by RAB setup to UE in MOC. Example of MaxBitRate for different services: AMR Voice - 12200 CS64 - 64000 PS384 - 384000

Soc Classification level 16 Nokia Siemens Networks

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RRC & L3 Message Flow RRC Connection Release

When Disconnect message is received from the UE, CN will send a Release message followed by RNC releasing the RRC connection. The number of RRC Release Complete will depends on N308 and interval is T308.

Soc Classification level 17 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Soft Handovers

UE

BTS
RRC: Measurement Report (e1a/e1c) Decision to setup new radio link

RNC

NBAP: Radio Link Setup Request (Soft handover) NBAP: Radio Link Addition Request (Softer handover) NBAP: Radio Link Setup Response (Soft handover) NBAP: Radio Link Addition Response (Softer handover) ALCAP: ERQ (Establish Request) ALCAP: ECF (Establish Confirm) RRC: Active Set Update RRC: Active Set Update Complete

RRC: Measurement Report (e1b) RRC: Active Set Update RRC: Active Set Update Complete NBAP: Radio Link Deletion NBAP: Radio Link Deletion Success

Soc Classification level 18 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Inter RAT Handover (1/5)

UE

BTS
RRC: Measurement Report (e2d)

RNC

CN

NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Ready NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Commit RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete RRC: Measurement Control (GSM NB List & iRAT HO parameters) RRC: Measurement Report (GSM RSSI Measurement) RRC: Measurement Report (GSM BSIC Verification / e3a) RANAP: Relocation Preparation RANAP: Relocation Command

RRC: Handover From UTRAN Command RANAP: Iu Release Command

RANAP: Iu Release Complete

Soc Classification level 19 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Inter RAT Handover (2/5)

Current IRAT criteria for Maxis network is set based on RSCP.

Soc Classification level 20 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Inter RAT Handover (3/5)

Measurement Control sent by RNC contains all inter RAT neighbours that were defined in RNC and event 3a parameters.

Soc Classification level 21 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Inter RAT Handover (4/5)

Verified BSIC shows the inter RAT cell id that corresponds to the id in the previous measurement control message.

Soc Classification level 22 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Inter RAT Handover (5/5)

If the relocation is successful, RNC will send Handover_Command to instruct the the UE to perform the handover to the 2G cell that described in the message. The UE is in 2G once it sends Handover Complete message.

Soc Classification level 23 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Cell Change Order

UE

BTS
RRC: Measurement Report (e2d)

RNC

CN

NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Ready NBAP: Radio Link Reconfiguration Commit RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete RRC: Measurement Control (GSM NB List & iRAT HO parameters) RRC: Measurement Report (GSM RSSI Measurement) RRC: Measurement Report (GSM BSIC Verification / e3a) RRC: Cell Change Order From UTRAN RANAP: SRNS Context Request RANAP: SRNS Context Response RANAP: Iu Release Command RANAP: Iu Release Complete

Soc Classification level 24 Nokia Siemens Networks

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System Information Block Type

I insert classification level 25 Nokia Siemens Networks

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SIB 1

LAC=48100

Periodic location update in deci hour, 1 deci hour = 6 min 1 means UE must complete IMSI attach Network Mode of Operation = 1
RAC=180 1 means Network Mode of Operation II

DRX cycle length = 2^7 = 128ms (unit = 10ms)

Soc Classification level 26 Nokia Siemens Networks

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SIB 2

URA identity

Soc Classification level 27 Nokia Siemens Networks

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SIB 3
RNCid (12 bits) + CellID (16 bits)
RNCid = 1FB = 507 CellID = D3D8 = 54232

Cell reselection is based on EcNo Sintrasearch = 14dB (IEx2) Sintersearch = 8 dB (IEx2) RAT technology = GSM, SsearchRAT = 4dB (IEx2) Qqualmin=-18dB, Qrxlevmin=-115dBm (2xIE+1) Trereselection=1s, Max UE TxPower = 24 dBm

Cellrop and access class barred.

Soc Classification level 28 Nokia Siemens Networks

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SIB 5
Power level is -6 and -4 dB below CPICH

16 signatures are available SF64 and Preamble scrambling code 0

CPICH power Preamble Power setting

Soc Classification level 29 Nokia Siemens Networks

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SIB 7

Uplink interference, affect the open loop power control.

Soc Classification level 30 Nokia Siemens Networks

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SIB 11 (1/2)

HCS not used

Cell reselection is based on EcNo

Intra frequency cell id 0 corresponds to serving cell.

Scrambling code. UE is instructed to read SFN. No Tx diversity.

Max UE tx power in neighbouring cell is 24 dBm. Neighbour cell qqualmin=-20dB, qrxlevmin=-101 (IEx2+1)
Soc Classification level 31 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

SIB 11 (2/2)

Cell individual offset

Intra frequency neighbour measurement is based on EcNo.

Soc Classification level 32 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Common Call Failure Analysis

I insert classification level 33 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Actix Workbook
Actix KPI Report An efficient way to process log files and identify call failures.

Soc Classification level 34 Nokia Siemens Networks

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IMSI decoder
ctr_ftp.exe
To decode the binary IMSI file.

CTRdeMessage_ver007.xls To arrange and create symbolic link for both text and html into a Excel workbook.

Soc Classification level 35 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Sample Of IMSI Result

Time Stamp IMSI Trace Id Messages
Synchronize the time with RC can be very time-saving when comes to analyze the log files with IMSI trace.

Soc Classification level 36 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Call Blocked and Call Dropped Classification

Call Blocked Any abnormal call released without Alerting message. Call Dropped Any abnormal call released without Disconnect message.

Soc Classification level 37 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Blocked #1: Call Setup Without RRC Connection Request (1/2).

CM_Service_Request without RRC connection request

Soc Classification level 38 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Blocked #1: Call Setup Without RRC Connection Request (2/2).

Sample of IMSI trace

RRC Connection Release message not received by UE in the previous call.

RRC Connection Release message sent by RNC but not received by UE.

Soc Classification level 39 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Blocked #1: Analysis Summary

Problem Description

The problem happens during the short-call drive (usually cluster drive). The UE triggers CM Service Request without setting up a new RRC signaling and result in blocked call.

Possible Solution

This is due to the RRC Connection Release message not received by UE in the previous call (as shown in the imsi trace) and the UE assumes the RRC signaling still exists. Therefore, when the predefined idle time expired, the UE starts the next call without setting up a new RRC connection. This problem happens only in Nemo Outdoor with Nokia 6680 and its been classified as compatibility problem by Nemo support team.

Soc Classification level 40 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Blocked #2: Soft Handover Failure (UE Failed To Received Active Set Update).

Sample of IMSI trace

Soc Classification level 41 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Blocked #2: Analysis Summary

Problem Description

During call setup stage, the UE sent a Measurement Report on the cell in the monitored set and recommended a handover. However, the request was not responded by the network. After multiple attempts, the call released abnormally when the radio environment cannot sustain the connection. The problem can occur at any stage of the call regardless of the condition of the radio environment.

Possible Solution

It has been escalated to TAC 2 for further investigation.

Soc Classification level 42 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Dropped #1: Radio Link Failure. Hardware Failure Detected.

Sample of IMSI trace

Both UE sent uplink disconnection simultaneously after T313 timer expired.

Soc Classification level 43 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Dropped #1: Analysis Summary

Problem Description

Soon after the deletion of the scrambling code 172 from the active set, both MOC & MTC send an UL Disconnect message simultaneously to the network with failure cause Radio Link Failure.

Possible Solution

The problem may caused by site intermittent or the hardware failure in the Node B. It is recommended to check the site status with Radio Commander (RC) and verify statistics measurement counters for RTWP, TCP, AC Rejection, and CC Trigger to get a hint of the site condition.

Soc Classification level 44 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Dropped #2: Unnecessary High UE Tx Power

Good radio condition but the UE always requested to transmit its maximum transmission power.

Soc Classification level 45 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Dropped #2: Analysis Summary

Problem Description

In soft handover, the UE connects to a distant cell and the distant cell is the best serving cell in active set. The UL performance (RSCP & EcNo) of the best serving cell is good, however, the UE is always requested to transmit its maximum transmission power. When all other cells have been released and only that distant cell is kept in the active set, the call dropped.

Possible Solution

This problem is caused by the cell overshooting. The solution is to remove the coverage of the overshooting cell that caused interference and handover sequence problem.

Soc Classification level 46 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Event Tracker
A tracker for all failure events of all WP and clusters.

Soc Classification level 47 Nokia Siemens Networks

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