Language Learning Strategies in Second or Foreign Language Teaching

Presented by Dang Phuong Mai

Thai Nguyen, 6/2012

Content
Definitions of LLS Identifications of LLS Classifications of LLS Language learning strategy instruction

Language learning strategies

Language

Language learning

Language learning strategies

What is language?

Language...
is a mean to convey information, to comprehend the socialhistorical experience, to communicate with the others or to plan his own activities. has rules which involves: + word structure (morphology) and sound systematic organization (phonology) + grammar and sentence structures (syntax) + word meaning (semantics) + social appropriateness (pragmatics).

Learning a language means knowing the rules, being aware of them, and being able to talk about them.

Language learning, also second language learning, or second language acquisition refers to the conscious process of studying a new language apart from their first language.

(Krashen, 1981)

Factors affect the success of learners in language learning

Knowledge background of the first language Learners factors: attitude, aptitude, personality, motivation, beliefs, age Target language learning environment Learning tasks/activities Learning strategies

Definitions of LLS
Rubin (1975): the techniques or devices, which a learner may use to acquire knowledge

Weinstein & Mayer (1986): behaviors and thoughts that a learner engages in during learning
Mayer (1988): behaviors of a learner that are intended to influence how the learner processes information Oxford (1990): specific actions taken by learners to make learning easier, faster, more enjoyable, more self-directed, more effective, and more transferable to new situations

Chamot (2004): conscious thoughts and actions that learners take in order to achieve a learning goal

Identifications of LLS
12 key features of language learning strategies (Oxford, 1990) 1) contributing to the main goal, communicative competence 2) allowing learners to become more self-directed 3) expanding the role of teachers 4) being problem-oriented 5) having specific actions taken by the learners 6) involving many aspects of the learner, not just the cognitive 7) supporting learning both directly and indirectly 8) not always being observable 9) often being conscious 10) being able to be taught 11) being flexible 12) being influenced by a variety of factors

Classifications of LLS

Direct strategies

Indirect strategies

Language learning strategy instruction

... a teaching approach that aims to raise learner awareness of learning strategies and provide learners with systematic practice, reinforcement and self-monitoring of their strategy use while attending to language learning activities. (Kinoshita, 2003)

Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA) proposed by Chamot (1994)

Thank you for your listening!