Apparel Industry

Basic Structure and Major Departments

Manufacturing Plant

It is a building or group of buildings together with mechanical equipment, machinery, tools and other physical facilities needed for the production of goods and the physical and mental well being of its employees Manufacturing implies organization of the physical and human agencies of production using modern machineries together with the principles of division of labor, specialization, standardization and interchangeability.

Apparel Industry

This is a repetitive process industry where manufacturing is done at least for a period of 12 hours It can be a single storied building with 50 machines or multistoried with more machines and more departments

Factory Layout for 100 m/c capacity (10,000 Sq.ft)

Canteen Restrooms

Q.C 400 Sq.ft

Button 400 Sq.ft

Sample 400 Sq.ft

Cutting 600 Sq.ft

Main stores 400 Sq.ft Office 600 Sq.ft Security

Ironing 600 Sq.ft

Packing 600 Sq.ft

Sub store

Ist Checking Sewing

Reception 400 Sq.ft 2400 Sq.ft

Timing Office

Engg store 100 Sq.ft

64 Sq.ft Generator

Major Departments

Merchandising Department Sampling Department Fabric Department Cutting Department Purchase Department Stores

Production Department Finishing Department Pressing Department Packing Department Documentation Department

Merchandising Department

The customers are dealt with for their needs and connected continuously (costing, negotiation, payment terms, buyers and suppliers, sample checking, reports etc) until order reception and delivery Merchandising Manager Senior Merchandisers Junior Merchandisers Office boy

Sampling Department

Make samples and salesman sample for buyers approval for fabric quality, shrinkage, durability, colorfastness etc Pattern master or Designer Pattern assistant Few sample Tailors One or two Helpers

Fabric Department

Fabric price and quality negotiation, enquiries, orders with fabric suppliers. Maintains records, received and dispatched; checks for defects. Fabric manager/ merchandiser

Fabric supervisor Fabric assistants Helpers

Cutting Department

Lay cutting using marker and cutting machines. Cutting master Cutter Damage cutters Lay girls Lay helpers Clerk for record maintenance

Purchase Department

Takes care of accessory management. Trims, packing material. Negotiation with supplier Purchase Manager Three Purchase Executives Three Purchase Officers

Production Department

Material received from cutting section is passed and managed to be stitched properly. Corrections are rectified, garments are checked for further defects, loose threads and for the final quality inspection Production in charge Line Supervisors Line checkers Tailors Helpers

Finishing Department

Full finish check Extra threads trimmed, garment through thread sucker, checked for stains, label misplacement etc Defects not rectified, piece is rejected

Pressing Department

Section in-charge, ironers, helpers Garment is ironed folded to specified size Pinned up along cardboard back support PVC collar ring for shirts Small butterfly for stand up collars

Packing Department

Packing Supervisor, Packers and helpers Properly segregated as per size and color Tags attached (trademark, label, size, color code etc) Garment put into a polybag with cellotape Buyers specification for ratio of packing Cardboard cartons Boxes are numbered, marked seaport, country code, color code, size ratio

Documentation department

Essential for export/ import procedure Documentation manager does the export correspondence

Amenities in an Apparel Industry

Canteen Crche Restrooms or Toilets Engineering section, security, general administration namely finance, production, planning, material control export department, personnel department, first aid, time office, pay section etc.