WELCOME TO MATHEMETICS WORLD

GEOMETRY IS THE STUDY OF FIGURES.

Plane geometry studies figures in a flat, two dimensional space called a plane.

Polygons-Triangles, Quadrilaterals. Perimeter and area Circles

Solid geometry studies figures in a threedimensional space.

Coordinate Geometry Volume

POINT , LINES AND THE ANGLESTHEY FORM

POINTS:

A POINT has no dimension and only position.

LINES AND THE ANGLESTHEY FORM: A LINE IS a continuous set of points having 1 dimension length. A LINE SEGMENT IS a part of a line.

INTERSECTING LINES AND RULES ABOUT ANGLES FORMED

3 WAYS TO DESCRIBE AN ANGLE ANGLE DEFINED: space formed when two lines meet at a point, ANGLE RELATIONSHIPS(adjacent/complementary) Intersecting lines (vertical/supplementary angles) Parallel lines

INTERSECTING/PARALLEL
Angle relationships for intersecting lines Angle relationships for parallel lines

1) Angles opposite Each Other Corresponding Angles Are Equal and Called Vertical Defined Angles 2) Angles Adjacent to Each Other Are Supplementary Parallel Lines Are Defined

Perpendicular Lines Intersect Are Right Angles

Alternate Interior Angles formed by transverse lines.

POLYGONS: PLANE CLOSED FIGURE MADE UP

OF STRAIGHT LINE SEGMENTS.

Remember type is defined by number of sides3/triangle, 4/quadrilateral, 5/pentagon, 6/hexogon Differences Similar verses Congruent: Angles equal/sides proportional vs. angles equal but sides same size and shape

Shared Principles

Sum of the Angles= (N-2) X 180 Each angle is #/N (because number of sides=number of angles.)

SIMILAR VS. CONGRUENT POLYGONS

Angles equal/sides proportional vs. Angles equal but sides same size and shape equal but sides same size and shape.

CIRCLES :

A plane closed figure formed by a set of points equidistant from a fixed point called the center.

IMPORTANT TERMS:

Circumference: boundary .

Radius: distance from center to any point on

circumference. Diameter: line segment passing through the center and ending on both ends at circ. Chord: line segment having both endpoints on circ.longest one is diameter. Secant: line passing through the circle interesting it at 2 points.

IMPORTANT TERMS: (CONT..)

Tangent: line intersecting the circle at only one point.

Radius from that point is perpendicular to the tangent.

Arc: a part of the circ. Semi- Cirlce:- an arc that is the circumference. Sector: The interior part of circle bordered by two radii and the arc they intercept.

Central Angle: verses inscribed anglecenter point vs. point on circumference.

WHAT IS PI?

Ratio Circ: diameter of a circle! So pi X diameter=circ

The area of a circle: A= p r2 . Pi= 3.14 or 3.1 or 3 1/7 or 22/7.

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

Locates geometric figures on planes via Cartesian Coordinate System. If only x and y then it is two dimensions. If x, y and z then it is no longer on a plane but in space, so it is three dimensional. With x and y only, then two planes are divided into 4 quadrants. (I, 11, 111 and 1V)

Distance Sq.: (x2-x1)2 + (y1-y2)2 So the square root of the dist= square root of above Midpoint (x1 + x2) /2, (y1+y2)/2= x midp..y midp. Slope: m = y2-y1/X2 - X1

VOLUMES:

Cubes.

Volume = e3 .
Volume = p r2 h.

Cylinders

Pyramids

Volume = 1/3 lwh.

Volume = 1/3 p r2 h. Volume = 4/3 p r3

Cones

Sphere

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