STRUCTURE 3

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
The Members of the Group: Ainun Hidayatin (D35211048) Nida Dusturia F. (D05211039) Lathifatul Ainiyyah (D95211085) Nurul Muayyadah (D05211022) M. Khoirul Lutfi (D55211059) Rizalatul Muawanah (D35208001)

What are Conditional Sentences?

Conditional sentences are the sentences telling factual implications or hypothetical situations (the if-clause) and their consequences (the main clause).
They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled.

Conditional sentence consists of two clauses; the if-clause, and the main clause.

The if-clause can come first or second. When it comes first, we usually put a comma between the two clauses.

Types of Conditional Sentence

Type I II III

Condition Possible to fulfill In theory possible to fulfill Impossible to fulfill (too late)

Type 1
(The main) Form : If simple present + Simple future E.g. : If you invite me, I will come.

 The function:
Expressing about possible situations in the present or future. E.g: If we study hard, we will pass the examination easily. Talking about facts or process. E.g: If we heat water to 100 degree celcius, it will boil. Making a plan. E.g: If this class is over, I will go to the canteen. Habitual result. (If S.Pre.+S.Pre) E.g: If our hearts stop beating, we are died.

 Possibility. E.g: If you keep crying like that, your eyes (may/might/could) be swollen. Asking for permission. E.g: If the rain is stopped, (may/might/can/could/would) I play in the backyard? Giving permission. E.g: If you get good results in your examination, you (may/can/could) do whatever you want to do. Ability. E.g: If you let me borrow your guitar, I can play a song for you.

 Command. E.g: If you want to get her, you must get her fathers permission first. Request. E.g: If you have a free time, (will/would/can/could) you accompany me to the library? Prohibition. E.g: If you are in the class, you (may not/must not) turn on your mobile phone. If you are in the class, dont turn on your mobile phone! Advice. E.g: If you feel sick, you (have to/had better/should/ought to/be supposed to) go to doctor. Prediction. E.g: If it rains like this all day, the river could flood.

P.S. : The simple present of If-clause can be changed by simple present continous or simple present perfect. E.g:
If you are looking for John, you will find him upstair. If you have written a letter, I will post it.

If could be replaced by: - unless - otherwise - provided that - supposing

Type 2
(The Main) Form: If Simple Past + Simple Past Future E.g. : If I had a plane, I would go abroad.

 The Function:
Expressing actions or situations that are not taking place in the present or future, but we can imagine the probable result. (Untrue in the present) E.g: If I were a president, I would make a better decision for that problem. Making a plan. E.g: If I had much money, I would buy a house. Habitual result. E.g: If you went out, your daughter cried.

 Possibility. E.g: If you tried again, you might be successful. Giving permission. E.g: If you had a driving license, you could drive my car. Ability E.g: If I understood, I could answer his question.

P.S. : The simple past of If-clause can be changed by simple past continous or simple past perfect. E.g:
If we were going by car, I would feel happier. I hate flying. If you had taken my advice, you would be rich man now.

If could be replaced by: - unless - otherwise - but for - supposing Were is used for both singular and plural subjects. E.g : If she were a moon, I would be a star.

 The use of type 2 conditional in If I were you, I would is a common form of advice. Conditional Sentences Type 2 has an inversion form. E.g. :
If she were a moon, I would be a star. -> Were she a moon, I would be a star. If it were you, I would stick you on the wall. -> Were it you, I would stick you on the wall.

Type 3
(The Main) Form: If Simple Past Perfect + Simple Past Future Perfect E.g. : If I had driven my car carefully, I wouldnt have gotten an accident.

 The Function:
Expressing actions or situations that did not take or were not taking place in the past, but we can imagine the probable result (Untrue in the past and usually it is a regret). E.g: If I had apologized to her earlier, We wouldnt have broken up. Making a plan. E.g: If I had gotten a job last year, I would have married her last month. Habitual result. E.g: If my mother had woken up, I had heard her sweet hum in the kitchen.

 Possibility. E.g: If you had tried harder, You (may/might+have) passed the test. Giving permission. E.g: If you had been a good boy just for one day, you (could/may/might+have) gone to the prom with your friends. Ability. E.g: If had understood the material, I could have answered it easily.

P.S.: If could be replaced by: - unless - otherwise - but for - supposing Conditional Sentences Type 2 has an inversion form. E.g. :
If She had driven carefully, she wouldnt have gotten an accident. -> Had She driven carefully, she wouldnt have gotten an accident.

Luther Vandross - Dance With My Father

Back when I was a child. Before life removed all the innocence My father would lift me high and dance with my mother and me and then Spin me around til I fell asleep Then up the stairs he would carry me And I knew for sure I was loved If I could get another chance, another walk, another dance with him Id play a song that would never, ever end How Id love, love, love To dance with my father again When I and my mother would disagree To get my way, I would run from her to him Hed make me laugh just to comfort me Then finally make me do just what my mama said Later that night when I was asleep He left a dollar under my sheet Never dreamed that he would be gone from me If I could steal one final glance, one final step, one final dance with him Id play a song that would never, ever end Cause Id love, love, love To dance with my father again Sometimes Id listen outside her door And Id hear how my mother cried for him I pray for her even more than me I pray for her even more than me I know Im praying for much too much But could you send back the only man she loved I know you dont do it usually But dear Lord shes dying To dance with my father again Every night I fall asleep and this is all I ever dream

Thank you very much for your attention ^_^