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A Story
My friend Lin Qihui came for dinner.
When it was time for her to go, I opened the door for her. I waved goodbye.
a custom
it has meaning (not doing it also has meaning) what gives it meaning? Culture
What is culture?
An iceberg! visible customs etiquette music literature history clothing
invisible
The reason:
Visible or invisible?
visible
invisible invisible visible invisible
Context
High/low context
Low context communication: The message is mainly carried by the language. eg. TV, books, talking to a stranger
High context communication: The message is mainly carried by the context. eg. telling your mother how you feel
your gestures and facial expressions your past behaviour your current situation
If the message from the context does not match the message from the language, which will she believe?
America
Low
Germany
Example
Explanation
Westerners look for, and trust, impersonal (low context) information. (books, internet, advice from officials, etc)
The Chinese student in America, with no human to help them, might feel that the situation is cold and unfriendly. The Westerner travelling to China feels uncomfortable when they hear: Youll find out all the details when you arrive!
Another example
A trade fair in Beijing
George Hall: an American businessman
The next day at 10 oclock he went to Mr. Lis companys exhibit only to find that Mr. Li had some important business and was not able to meet with George. He called back later in the day and was told that Mr. Li was not available.
Explanation
Westerners often think the best way to communicate is for everyone to speak directly.
Once all the information has been shared, a decision can be made. They pay attention to words, rather than context. But people from a high context culture often communicate indirectly.