PRESENTATION ON LEARNING

Presented By:Aaishanya Tripathi Sajal Rastogi Manish Sharma Vinayak Mehta Aryan Makkar

LEARNING
E.R. Hilgard has defined learning as a relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a result of prior experience.

Learning is change in behaviour through education and training, practice and experience.

It may even be described as the process of acquiring the ability to respond adequately to a situation which may or may not have been previously encountered.

NATURE OF LEARNING
Learning involves a change. Changes in behaviour must be relatively permanent. The changes should occur as a result of experience. Behaviour depends upon reinforcement of practice and experience. Learning is reflected in behaviour.

THEORIES OF LEARNING
1. Classical Conditioning 2. Operant Conditioning 3. Cognitive Processes 4. Social Behaviour

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

Learning through classical conditioning was first studied by IVAN PAVLOV. Deals with the association of one event with another desired event. IVAN PAVLOV conducted an experiment on a dog. This can be further explained with the help of the various stages of it.

Stages in CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

OPERANT CONDITIONING

Operant is defined as behaviour that produces effect. Operant conditioning is voluntary and learned. The term operant indicates that the organism operates on its environment to generate consequences.

Reinforcement strengthens a behaviour and increases the likelyhood that it will be repeated. Education is very important for the behaviour. Operant conditioning is a powerful tool for managing people in organisation.

COGNITIVE LEARNING

It is achieved by thinking. Cognitive refers to an individual's ideas. Cognitive theorists argue that the learners form a cognitive structure in memory.

The Cognitive theory recognizes the role of an. Cognitive explains learning as STIMULUS STIMULUS APPROACH. The Cognitive concepts represent the purposefulness of organizational behaviour.

SOCIAL LEARNING

Achieved through the reciprocal interactions. It integrates COGNITIVE and OPERANT approaches of learning. People acquire new behaviour by observing and imitating. Social learning can also take place via; i) modeling or vicarious learning ii) symbolism iii) self control

The following processes determine the influence that a model will have on an individual Attentional Process Retentional Process Motor Reproduction Process Reinforcement process

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