(SIG-140) Signal Processing

Dr. Neetesh Purohit Assistant Professor, IIIT-A

Distribution of Internal Marks

Proportionate marks for attendance (10) Quiz and Assignment (25)

Term Paper (50)

Presentation and questions raised in other presentations

Class performance (10)

Answer an instantaneous question Indigenous learning Viva, etc.

Books
Digital Signal Processing -- Principles, Algorithms, and Applications, - J.G. Proakis and D.G. Manolakis, Prentice Hall. Digital signal processing and applications with the C6713 and C6416 DSK, - Rulph Chassaing Research Papers

The lab work

Matlab toolboxes and blocksets
Signal processing Audio processing Filter design Image acquisition Image Processing Wavelet

Digital signal processors kit DSP Xilinx FPGA

HCI: View of a signal engineer

Interaction via Direct access /wired or wireless channel Human Continuous/ Digital signals Computer

Digital signals

Continuous signals

Role of signal

Signal
A physical quantity that varies with time, space or any other independent variable(s).

In all practical scenarios it should be an Informationbearing function. (what is information?)

E.g. sound: air pressure variation at a point as a function of time p(t) Dimensionality (no. of variables in the function): Sound: 1-Dimension Greyscale image i(x,y) : 2-D Video: 3 x 3-D: {r(x,y,t) g(x,y,t) b(x,y,t)}

Signal processing
Signal Processing involves in modifying a signal to enhance/ extract/ rearrange the information. Enhancement: Reducing the components from unwanted sources (e.g. CDMA mobile) Extraction: Generation of information bearing signal (the detection methods) Rearrangement: Rearranging the contents of signal for better compression etc (Source coding in mobile devices.)

Digital Signal Processing

DSP = Signal processing on a computer

Two effects: discrete-time, discrete level

The Problem?

Digital vs. Analog

Advantages of Digital Signal Processor
More flexible. Often easier system upgrade. Data easily stored.

Better control over accuracy requirements.

Reproducibility Cheaper

Limitations
A/D & signal processors speed: Wide-band signals still difficult to treat (realtime systems). Finite word-length effect: ( Round-off: error caused by rounding math calculation result to nearest quantisation level.)

Application areas
Space (Photograph enhancement, Intelligent sensory analysis etc) Medical (CT, MRI, ultrasound etc.) Commercial (Image and sound compression etc.) Telephone (Echo reduction, data compression, Filtering etc.)

Military (Radar, Sonar, secure communication etc.)

Industrial (Process Monitoring and control etc.)