Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Learning Objectives
To understand the evolution of military strategy
To comprehend Clausewitz and Jominis art of war To comprehend the importance assigned by Clausewitz to
Clausewitz & Jomini on war To comprehend and contrast the present day acceptance of Clausewitzs dicta to those of Jominis
To know and describe Jominis contribution to the theory
3. 19th to 20th Century - sought the same basic end To Concentration Strong Forces Against Weaker Ones
name, include : Antoine Henri de Jomini Clausewitz Vauban Mackinder Douhet Montecuccolli Miklos Zrinyi (Hungary)
Nepoleon Bonaparte
Nepoleonic War- levee en masse. Involvement of entire population
Jomini Clausewitz
Jomini
Overview Ideal Military Force Strategic Principles
Winning Territory Task of the Commanding General Jominis Principles of War
Summary
Jomini : Overview
dealt mainly with operational strategy, planning &
which incremental military innovations in tactics, gun founding, logistics and map making, combined with social & political dynamism of France Revolution to instill European warfare with a decisiveness.
He proposed that victory could be achieved by occupying
formula. Endeavored to demonstrate that there are fundamentals and unchanging principles which determine wars outcome and that the only reasonable theory of war was that which admitted the existence of precepts, but still left room for natural genius.
military responsibilities A high state of readiness both personnel and material Continued study of military science at all levels of leadership An esteemed position for the military profession Peacetime planning Operational planning compatible with war aims (National Objectives) Contingency planning, strategic intelligence, adequate budget
Jomini
Strategic Principles
Winning Territory : Conceptual
D1 D2 D1 D2
Opposition will be forced to retreat & surrender
A2
Jomini
Jominis Principles of War
1. Successive massing the army on strategic
4.
Maneuvering as to engage ones major forces against parts of those of the enemy.
Majority of your forces at the right time and place against the enemys line where it is important to overwhelm Bring them together rapidly for a simultaneous effort.
Concentrate forces at decisive areas and Avoid Strength attack weakness (strike the weaker) Swift actions & actions of the various elements of each force acting synchronously Do not separate forces unless absolutely necessary Surprise The strategic initiative is very important (to control strategic area) A beaten foe should be pursued and destroyed
Clausewitz
Believing in the Napoleonic concept of
victory through battle and destruction of the opposing force, at any cost.
However, he also recognized that limited
warfare could influence policy by wearing down the opposition through a "strategy of attrition".
CLAUSEWITZ
Life History
Key Concepts
War is an act of force to compel the enemy to our will. Defence as the selected form of warfare. War is a continuation of policy by other means. Centre of gravity theory.
Clausewitz
War is nothing but a continuation of political
Absolute war Similar to total war Peoples war Vietnam and Afghanistan
Clausewitz
The Purpose of War
War is an act of force to compel the
To conquer and destroy the armed power of the enemy To take possession of his material and other sources of strength To gain public opinion
Principles
The principles which should be followed to
Principles (cont)
Not to lose time by rapidity many measures of the enemy are nipped in the bud and public opinion is gained in our favor surprise is the most powerful element of victory Lastly, to follow up the success we gain with the utmost energy.
Moral Force
Morale to the physical as 3 is to 1
Courage, audacity, and self-sacrifice Shinning blade
Clausewitz
Center of Gravity (COG) .. Hub of all movement, on which everything depends. That is the point against all our energies should be directed. If the enemy is thrown off balance, he must not be given time to recover. Blow after blow must be aimed in the same direction. . The victor must strike with all his strength and not just against a fraction of the enemyonly by seeking out the center of his power (Clausewitz, On War)
Clausewitz
Principle of Destruction :
Evolution
Helmuth von Molke - Prussian CoS (1857-
morale.
Evolution
Shock defeat of French by Prussian in 1870.
The logic of strategy: Si vis pacem para bellum. (If you want peace prepare for war).
Dimensions of strategy: The term 'strategy'
Evolution
Operational.
Steamship, Machine gun, amour, wireless, nuclear, weapons etc. Booby traps in CIW.
Continued
WW2 :- Blitzkrieg (employed by Germany)
unilateralism - unipolar