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CHARACTERISTIC OF ACID
CORROSIVE THEY CAN REACT WITH METALS AND THEY PRODUCE HYDROGEN GAS THEY HAVE SOUR TASTE THEY CAN CHANGE THE COLOUR OF Blue litmus into RED LITMUS ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION (THAT IS ABLE TO CONDUCT ELECTRIC CURRENT)
Figure 2.5 The identification of HCI, NaOH solutions using Litmus Paper
Indicator
Acid Solution
Base Solution
Neutral Solution
Red Red
Blue Blue
Red Blue
Solution
Color
Solution Characteristics
Lemon Juice Vinegar Solution Salt Solution Soap Solution Soda Solution
Borax Solution Duct Cleaner
Solution
Phenolphtalein
Methyl Red
Properties of Solution
CHARACTERISTIC OF BASE
- CAUSTIC - FEEL SMOOTH ON OUR HAND - BITTER TASTE CHANGE THE COLOUR OF Red litmus into blue litmus Slippery In pure state, usually base is in form of solid ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION (THAT IS ABLE TO CONDUCT ELECTRIC CURRENT)
Remember !
Touch isnt a Safe way to test a base properties
and water
MOLECULE is divided into two kinds 1. Element molecules consist of one type atoms so the cant separated into other particles ex. H2, O2
2. Compound molecules consist of unkind atoms, so it is can be decomposed (diuraikan) into other matters Ex. Water H2O consists of 2 hydrogen atom and 1 oxigen atom
atoms
MixtureSuspension: Italian Salad Dressing (or other oil and vinegar salad dressing) Raisins and Cereal Sand and Rocks Carbonated Soda
A salt, in chemistry, is defined as the product formed from the neutralisation reaction of acids and bases. Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is electrically neutral (without a net charge). These component ions can be inorganic such as chloride (Cl), as well as organic such as acetate (CH3COO) and monoatomic ions such as fluoride (F), as well as polyatomic ions such as sulfate (SO42).
Name of element
Usually the name of element are the name of country, such as germanium (Ge), Polonium (poland)
1. If an element is symbolised by one letter, it must be capital letter . Ex. Carbon C, hydrogen H 2. If an element is symbolised by more than letters, The first letter must be capital letter followed by small letter, ex. Zinc Zn Copper Cu etc
Nitrogen
Nickel Natrium / sodium
Co
Cobalt
Carbon monodioxyde
CO
He C Cl
Compound
You have learned that element is single matter. Are all single matters elements ? No ! Water and sugar are single mater But the arent element Because the can be broken down into simple matter
Water can be brokendown into hidrogen and oxygen H 2O H 2 + O 2 2H2O H2 + O2 Sugar can be brokendown into carbon, hydrogen and oxygen C12H22O11 C + H + O
What is compound
A single matter consisting of more than one elements
Separating Compound
Compound is a single matter that cant be brokendown by physical separation 1. Electrolysis ex. separating water into Hydrogen and oxygen 2. Cristalization (evaporation) based on boiling point salt from sea water