The Cell: A Review

SD Jacinto
Institute of Biology
UP Diliman
http://images.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plants/images/plantcell.jpg&imgrefurl=http://micro.
magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plantcell.html&h=356&w=435&sz=49&hl=en&start=3&tbnid=IvPoz1H6sVsrnM:&tbnh=103&tbnw=126&prev=
/images%3Fq%3Dplant%2Bcell%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
-unit membrane (7.5- 10
nm thick
Selective barrier -
recognition &
regulatory functions;
channel transporter

Fluid mosaic model-

(Sanger and Nicholson)
lipid bilayer, integral
and peripheral proteins
http://images.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/Image120.gif&imgrefurl=http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/cellwa
ll.htm&h=498&w=800&sz=68&hl=en&start=22&tbnid=JVJfQS8MkSjFNM:&tbnh=89&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dplant%2Bcell%2Bwall%26start%3D20%
26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN
www.bi.umist.ac.uk/.../1CAT/Lecture1/handout.htm
employees.csbsju.edu/.../glycoproteinshtm.htm
users.rcn.com/.../ BiologyPages/L/Lysosomes.html
Large variety of hydrolytic
enzymes for cytoplasmic
digestion- ribonucleases,
deoxyribonucleases,
lipases, active at low pH
Found in all cells; abound
in phagocytic cells
Types- primary, secondary
users.rcn.com/.../ BiologyPages/L/Lysosomes.html
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/elongation_4.gif

Ribosomes and
Protein synthesis

Polyribosome
Present in all eukaryotic cells; transforms chemical energy of
metabolites into ATP
Found in cytoplasmic areas with intense metabolic activity,
oriented along axis of cell
First mitochondria probably originated from prokaryote;
multiply by fission
 The Peroxisomes
 For fatty acid oxidation
 Hasoxidases for this purpose; produces
H2O2 in the process
 Has catalases to convert H2O2 into
H20 and O2
(aberration associated with peroxisome
malfunction-basis for movie Lorenzo’s oil)
http://images.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Biology/botf99/cellstructure/chloroplast..jpg&imgrefurl=http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Biology/
botf99/cellstructure/plastids.html&h=222&w=420&sz=16&hl=en&start=8&tbnid=ZMNr_Ts-
8yTGJM:&tbnh=66&tbnw=125&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dchloroplast%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
The vacuole: Its functions
Removes unwanted structural debris
Isolates materials that might be harmful to
the cell
Contains waste products
Maintains internal hydrostatic pressure
(turgor pressure) within the cell

Maintains an acidic internal pH

Expor ts unwanted substances from the

cell.
Enables the cell to change shape
users.rcn.com/.../ BiologyPages/L/Lysosome
 http://upsidedownhippo.com/archives/Paramecium.jpg

http://www.worsleyschool.net/science/files/sperm/pic03.jpg

users.rcn.com/.../ BiologyPages/L/Lysosomes.html
users.rcn.com/.../ BiologyPages/L/Lysosomes.html
users.rcn.com/.../ BiologyPages/L/Lysosomes.html
www.bi.umist.ac.uk/.../1CAT/Lecture1/handout.htm
http://scienceblogs.com/transcript/upload/2006/08/MTarray.jpg
That’s all …