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A process whereby, fluid is injected into the oil/gas reservoir to either: Supplement the lost energy to the reservoir. To improve the oil/gas recovery characteristics. Why water is selected?
Low compressibility. High density. Viscosity Match (Light oil) Non Explosive Less / no corrosive agent Environment/Media Friendly Easy availability Facilitate efficient displacement.
Compatibility with already existing water in the reservoir. Injectivity. Surface facility designing. Early and high water production.
Single phase oil flows when the crude is above saturation pressure, Delayed requirement of artificial lift. Below the saturation pressure gas being mobile by pass the oil and result in loss of energy*. *Required to maintenance of pressure around Bubble Point Pressure (Pb).
The objective is to select a system that will ensure maximum possible contact with the crude oil system. The approach is : Converting existing production wells to injection wells. Drilling infill injection wells.
Arrangements
The region affected by the injection well could be different for very injection well.
With a limited number of wells especially when the economics are marginal. If the field is characterized with large variations in porosity/permeability or faulting.
Water supply constitute part of WF process with respect to source and its supply.
Essential qualification for water source is: Volume Corrosiveness Solid content Scaling tendency The presence of micro organisms and Other foreign matter
Closed water treating system. Open water treating system Semi closed water treating system
The water coming to the surface facilities from the reservoir is primarily treated in a tank with alum. Then the water move to the next tank where a chemical named DOPE (De-Oiler Poly-Electrolyte) is added to this water which facilitates the flocculation of small oil droplets which are then isolated or removed with the help of the skimmer. After this the water moves through a series of sand filter, micro filters and the dissolved air floatation tank . While the treatment of water takes place various chemicals are added to the water for the following purposes:
PHASE SEPERATION THROUGH VERTICAL SEPARATORS. CHEMICAL DOSING HEATER-TREATER DESALTERS STORAGE TANKS (2 IN NUMBER)
HEADER
STORA GE TANK 1
STORA GE TANK2
C.PUMP
OIL TO REFINERIES
GAS
VERTICAL SEPARATOR
OIL + WATER
HEATER TREATER
1 2 3
Reciprocating pump
ALUM TREATMENT
DOPE TREATMENT
SAND FILTERS
AIR CONDITIONING
TO INJECTION WEL
MICRO FILTERS
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