BAUHAUS

History of Bauhaus
Staatliches Bauhaus , was a school in Germany that

combined crafts and the fine arts, and was famous for the approach to design that it publicized and taught. It operated from 1919 to 1933. The term Bauhaus is German for ("House of Building" or "Building School"). The Bauhaus school was founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar. In spite of its name, and the fact that its founder was an architect, the Bauhaus did not have an architecture department during the first years of its existence. Nonetheless it was founded with the idea of creating a 'total' work of art in which all arts, including architecture would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style became one of the most influential currents in Modernist architecture and modern design.

 The Bauhaus had a profound influence upon subsequent

developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and typography. The school existed in three German cities (Weimar from 1919 to 1925, Dessau from 1925 to 1932 and Berlin from 1932 to 1933), under three different architect-directors: Walter Gropius from 1919 to 1928, Hannes Meyer from 1928 to 1930 and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe from 1930 until 1933, when the school was closed by its own leadership under pressure from the Nazi regime.

 The changes of venue and leadership resulted in a

constant shifting of focus, technique, instructors, and politics. For instance: the pottery shop was discontinued when the school moved from Weimar to Dessau, even though it had been an important revenue source; when Mies van der Rohe took over the school in 1930, he transformed it into a private school, and would not allow any supporters of Hannes Meyer to attend it.

CHARACTERISTICS
BUILDING IS CUBIC IN SHAPE. IT HAS FOUR FLAT SIDES AND FLAT ROOF TOPS. IT IS GENERALLY BLACK,GREY,WHITE OR

SOMETIMES BEIGE. INTERIORS REFLECTS FUNCTIONAL,OPEN FLOOR PLAN. INTERIORS ARE OFTEN MINIMALIST OR CONTEMPORARY. THESE HOMES ARE DESIGNED WITH FUNCTION IN MIND.

WALTER GROPIUS

ABOUT WALTER GROPIUS

WALTES GROPIUS WAS A GERMAN ARCHITECT AND

ART EDUCATOR WHO FOUNDED THE BAUHAUS SCHOOL OF DESIGN. HE WAS BORN IN BERLIN,GERMANY . BIRTHDATE: 18TH MAY,1883. HE OPPOSED THE NAZI REGIME AND LEFT GERMANY SECRETLY IN 1934. AFTER SEVERAL YEARS, HE STARTED TEACHING ARCHITECTURE IN HAVARD UNIVERSITY. HE INTRODUCED BAUHAUS CONCEPT AND DESIGN PRINCIPLES.

ARCHITECTS OF BAUHAUS
LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE.
MARCEL BREUER. RICHARD NEUTRA.

PHILIP JOHNSON

Concept of Bauhaus
Between 1910-1920, the great abstract painter Piet

Mondrian worked as his way from Parisian cubism to the pure , rectilinear abstraction of his famous paintings of nothing but an asymmetrical grid of rectangles of black , white , and the three primary colours, blue , red , and yellow , separated by lines. The forms are sensed as pure, floating planes, and the grid lines extend, in theory, beyond painting to infinity. The painting made visible the order of universe and was meant to symbolize the basic principles of life.

Concept design
By painter Piet Mondrian

 Following the ideas of mystical Dutch philosopher

M.H.J. Schoenmaekers, Mondrian believed that: 1. vertical elements represented the active principle. 2.horizontals represented tranquility and repose. 3. perpendicular conjunctions represented a vital tension and balance. Such intellectual iconography was crucial to high modernist architecture nearly everywhere.

Layout of Bauhaus

Bird view of Bauhaus

Elements of Bauhaus
Exterior staircase Interior staircase

Surrounding of Bauhaus

Interior of studio in Bauhaus

Two building connected with bridge

Construction of Bauhaus
The Bauhaus building in Dessau was a direct

translation into physical terms of the complex organization of the school and a projection of its spirit into the new architectural language it was instrumental in creating. Its unique plan consisted of three arms radiating from the centre, each arm bent into an L. Each part of these L-shaped arms was given over to a distinct purpose: the 3 large outer wings housed the workshops, the classrooms, and , in the balconied, 5storied block, the studio/dormitories.

 Connecting them to the centre were, respectively, a

short, 3-storied entrance (next to the workshops); an elevated;2-storied arm(bridging a road) for administration and architecture ; and, sliding beneath one end of this bridge, the one storied unit containing the auditorium and dining room. The reinforced-concrete-frame structures consist of four major elements , arranged freely on the flat site so that there is no front in the customary sense.

 The workshop wing four stories tall, is the largest

mass, containing behind its glass curtain wall the studio spaces for preliminary instruction and workshops for printing , carpentry, dyeing, sculpture, weaving and wall painting in addition to exhibition and lecture spaces. A road runs through the site beside the workshop building , requiring an enclosed bridge to connect it to the separately administered trade school. In the bridge were administrative offices for the Bauhaus and Gropius's private architectural office.

 Parallel to the road and extending behind the

workshop wing is the low dining hall and auditorium building, equipped with a stage between the two spaces and provided with movable walls for maximum flexibility. Beyond this is a five-story student dormitory with twenty eight rooms and related facilities.

Material used in Bauhaus

Bauhaus Building are mostly covered with a very thin layer of

plaster. Its materiality and structure is very close to the original lime plaster. In doing so, faults in the plaster become smoother and the surface corresponds with the historical figure. This layer is inexpensive and beneath it the original remains of plaster and paint are secured and protected. Colour conforming to the historical example is applied to the surface of this lime wash. Only in selected areas the historic layers of paint are laid open and restored. Magnesite flooring.

Furniture in Bauhaus
Materials used in furniture designs of Bauhaus usually

consists of metal , leather, glass and wood. Many pieces especially chairs and tables rely on structures fabricated from steel tubes. This structures would then be adorned with luxurious leather (in the case of chairs and couches ) or wood and glass of the highest quality and workmanship.

Furniture of Bauhaus

Detail Plan of Bauhaus

Ground floor

Detail plan of Bauhaus

Second floor

Model of Bauhaus

BAUHAUS PRESENTATION
MADE BY:
EKTA DESAI

08-ARG-03
GROUP-C

Thank-you