Intro to IP Networking Part 3

Routing
Static routing is a concept describing one way of configuring path selection of routers in computer networks. It is the type of routing characterized by the absence of communication between routers regarding the current topology of the network. This is achieved by manually adding routes to the routing table. The opposite of static routing is dynamic routing. Dynamic routing use routing protocols that dynamically discover network destinations and how to get to them. Dynamic routing allows routing tables in routers to change if a router on the route goes down. Examples of Routing Protocols are Interior Gateway Protocols like RIP, EIGRP and OSPF and Exterior Gateway Protocols like BGP.

Static Route
SCENARIO: You are working as a networking specialist at a company. One of their customers has 2 dedicated links to connect their Savaii site to their main site in Apia, where they are connected to Digicel for Internet connection. You are not allowed to use routing protocols because they are paying for every single bit that's sent on these links. You need to use static routing to get the job done. GOAL: To connect QEMU1 to Digicel. Traffic from Digicel to QEMU1 is via 192.168.1.0/30 network and traffic from QEMU1 to Digicel is via 192.168.2.0/30 network. All IP addresses are preconfigured as shown in the topology picture.

Static Route
All routers are using C3640 series routers. Digicel: configure router hostname, choose slot0 and slot1, and pick the NM-1FE-TX (One-port Fast Ethernet 10/100BaseTX interface). Apia: configure slot0, and pick NM-4T (Four-Port Sync Serial Network Module). Configure slot1, and pick NM-1FE-TX Savaii: configure slot0, and pick NM-4T. Configure slot1, and pick NM-1FE-TX Run the lab. Configure the IP address of Digicel, Apia, Savaii routers: interface <interface name> ip address <IP Address> <netmask> no shutdown Digicel: create a static route for 192.168.3.0/24 network. ip route <destination network> <netmask> <next-hop> Apia: create a static route for 192.168.3.0/24 network, traffic should pass the 192.168.1.0 network. create a default route going to Digicel. In the routing table you should see a 0.0.0.0 entry. Savaii: create a static default route, traffic should pass the 192.168.2.0 network. In the routing table you should see a 0.0.0.0 entry. Apia: create a backup static route for 192.168.3.0/24 network, administrative distance should be 100. ip route <source IP> <netmask> <next-hop> <metric> Savaii: change the default route so it stays in the routing table even when the interface goes down. Configure the f1/0 interface with IP Address of 192.168.3.1. QEMU1: Configure IP Address 192.168.3.11/24. Add a default route. su ifconfig eth0 192.168.3.11 netmask 255.255.255.0 route add default gateway 192.168.3.1 Do ping test going to Digicel. Check the packets using Wireshark. Perform traceroute.

Static Route Quiz

GOAL: To connect the company server/host QEMU2, co-located in Digicel data center, to the Savaii network

OSFP
SCENARIO: It has been decided that the company wants to do equal load balancing on the two links soon after they acquired the links. GOAL: To have connectivity and load-balancing across serial links. All IP addresses are preconfigured as shown in the topology picture.

OSPF
Apia: remove static route for 192.168.3.0/24 network. no ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 Configure OSPF. Advertise default route to Savaii. router ospf 1 network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 default-information originate perform per-packet(round-robin) load balancing on the serial links. interface serial0/0 ip load-sharing per-packet interface serial0/1 ip load-sharing per-packet Check using show cef interface command. Savaii: remove static default route. Configure OSPF. Advertise 192.168.3.0/24 router ospf 1 network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 perform per-packet(round-robin) load balancing on the serial links. Check using show cef interface command. Check OSPF establishment on both routers, show ip ospf neighbor Check route table. show ip route QEMU1: Do ping test going to Digicel