Compressed Mode

Topics to be covered

What is Compressed Mode? Where it is used? Compressed Mode Interfaces and PRBs Methods of CM Signaling Diagrams Handling of Special cases during CM

What is Compressed Mode?

Compressed Mode is a state when reception and transmission of UE and BTS is halted in order to perform measurements in other WCDMA frequencies or RATs. The measurements involve InterFrequency HO or InterSystem HO measurements.

InterFrequency HO measurements

HHO is an Interfrequency HO. HHOs are difficult for a MS in a CDMA system. Two options available: Dual Mode Receiver Compressed Mode.

InterSystem HO measurements

InterSystem HOs are HOs between two different RATs. Before, UE can start any HO, it must measure the quality of the new cell/carrier. UE need to : - know the frequency in which the new cell in the other system is transmitting. - measure the signal strength of the new carrier. Two modes: - Dual Mode receiver - Compressed Mode

Compressed Mode Interfaces and PRBs

HA3

RRC, IUB, IUR, L2

MCC

BRM

Compressed Mode Interfaces and PRBs

HA3 determines whether there is need to apply CM for individual UE and hence controls preparing, activation and deactivation of CM usage for an UE. MCC prepares, activates or deactivates CM by request of HA3. MCC sends configuration and control messages to BTS (Iub), DRNC (RNSAP), UE (RRC) and L2. BRM determines compressed Mode pattern parameters and used compressed mode method. BRM also checks whether the CM is possible to apply for an UE.

Parameters from HC

Reason for CM - Uplink DCH quality

- UE Uplink Tx Power - CPICH RSCP - Downlink RL Tx Power - CPICH Ec/No - Fast moving UE in HCS - Service/Load or IMSI based handover

Measurement Purpose
- FDD Measurement - TDD Measurement - GSM Carrier RSSI Measurement - GSM initial BSIC identification

Signalling Diagram of Compressed Mode

Uu Iub Iur

UE

BTS

DRNC

SRNC-AC/PS
CM on

SRNC-HC RRM
CM required

NBAP/RNSAP: RL Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP/RNSAP: RL Reconfiguration Ready NBAP/RNSAP: RL Reconfiguration Commit RRC: Ph/Tr reconfiguration NBAP/RNSAP: Compressed Mode Command RRC: Measurement Control RRC: Measurement Report RRC: Measurement Report Measurement Done RRC: Measurement Control CM off NBAP/RNSAP: RL Reconfiguration procedure/CM command RRC: Ph/Tr reconfiguration

Types of Frame Gap used in CM

15 timeslots Normal Frame Normal Frame

CM Frame 8 timeslots 7 timeslots

CM Frame 8 timeslots 7 timeslots

Single Frame

15 timeslots

Normal Frame

Normal Frame

CM Frame 11 timeslots 7 timeslots

CM Frame 12 timeslots

Double Frame

Methods for Compressed Mode

Higher Layer Scheduling (HLS): DCH user data transmitted in the channel is reduced. Lower bit rate TFCS is constructed. - HLS - HLS SF/2: Temporarily doubles the physical channel data rate in the radio channel.

Compressed Mode Pattern Parameters

#1 TG pattern 1 #2 TG pattern 2 #3 TG pattern 1 #4 TG pattern 2 #5 TG pattern 1 #TGPRC TG pattern 2

TG pattern 1

TG pattern 2

Transmission Transmission gap 1 Transmission gap 2 Transmission gap 1 gap 2

TGSN TGL1 TGD TGPL1 TGL2

TGSN TGL1 TGD TGPL2 TGL2

Frame structure types in CM

Slot # (Nfirst - 1) T TF Data1 P CI C transmission gap Slot # (Nlast + 1) T TF PL Data1 P CI C

Data2

PL

Data2

PL

(a) Frame structure type A

Slot # (Nfirst - 1) T TF Data1 P CI C

transmission gap T P C

Slot # (Nlast + 1) T TF PL Data1 P CI C

Data2

PL

Data2

PL

(a) Frame structure type B

Examples of CM methods in Downlink

Examples of CM methods in Uplink

Higher layer scheduling (Double Frame): 10 ms Gaps P t

CM on

Certain TFCs are not allowed to use

CM off

Halving the spreading factor (Single Frame): Gaps

CM on

SF/2

Original SF

CM off

Compressed mode by HLS

Higher layer scheduling decreases transport channel capacity and that is why it can be used only for NRT. It can not be used for circuit switched and RT PS (conversational and streaming) data TrChs. Advantage is that it does not cause any extra load to the cell. Disadvantage is that it really decreases capacity of PS data channel.

Compressed mode by SF/2

SF/2 can be used both in downlink and uplink. It allows single frame method. Used for AMR. During the compressed mode, original spreading code is used in normal frames between gapped frames and new spreading code, which is taken from one step higher level from OVSF tree is used during the compressed frames. Alternative scrambling code allows the usage of channelization codes of normal channelization code tree again and now those channelization codes are always free.

Signalling Diagram in case of HLS

Uu Iub

UE

BTS

RNC-NBAP

RNC-MAC

RNC-RRC

RNC-RRM RRM
CM detected CM method selected

PhCh & TrCh prm TrCh prm & TFC restrictions PhCh & TrCh prm NBAP: RL Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP: RL Reconfiguration Ready NBAP: RL Reconfiguration Commit RRC: Physical/Transport Channel Reconfiguration RRC: Physical/Transport Channel Reconfiguration Complete Compressed mode activation and measurement RRC: Physical/Transport Channel Reconfiguration procedure or Measurement Control CM off & TrCh prm

CM off & TrCh prm NBAP: RL Reconfiguration procedure or CM Command CM off & PhCh & TrCh prm

Signalling Diagram in case of SF/2

Uu Iub

UE

BTS

RNC-NBAP

RNC-MAC

RNC-RRC

RNC-RRM RRM
CM detected CM method selected

PhCh prm PhCh prm NBAP: RL Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP: RL Reconfiguration Ready NBAP: RL Reconfiguration Commit RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete Compressed mode activation and measurement RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration procedure or Measurement Control NBAP: RL Reconfiguration procedure or CM Command CM off CM off

TFS Subsets for TFCS Construction

DCH TTI = 10 ms
= TFS restriction class 1 = no restriction = TFS restriction class 2 128 64 64 64 32 32 32 32 32 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 176 32 336 64 336 128 336 384 384 256 256 256 128 128 - 128 - 64 - 64 32 32 32 32 32 0 0 0 0 0 256 336 384 336

0 0 336

8 0 8 96

8 0

DCH bit rate TB size

DCH TTI = 20 ms

0 0 336

8 0 8 176

8 0

128 128 64 64 64 48 32 32 32 - 32 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 336 32 336 64 336 128 336

DCH TTI = 40 ms

0 0 336

8 0 8 336

8 0

32 32 24 16 16 16 8 8 8 8 0 0 0 0 16 336 32 336

DCH bit rate TB size

Handling of special cases during the CM

RAB establishment, modification or release. SF = 4 is not allowed. Relocation. Hard HandOver (HHO). DCH needs to be released or downgraded due to pre-emption function or enhanced overload control function. Inactivity timer of PS DCH expires but other active DCHs are present. Inactivity timer of last PS DCH expires. CM is not supported in case of PS NRT with 8/8 kbps. (CR 665)

Power Control

During Compressed Gaps, PC performs worst. Also compressed frames may be lost if PC is not set correctly. To avoid this, a parameter called RPP (Recovery Period Power) is used. It specifies the uplink PC algorithm applied during recovery period after each transmission gap in the CM. During Recovery Period, PC is allowed to recover SIR as close as possible to target SIR.

Order of Execution of CM methods

Downlink - SF/2 - SF/2 with Alternative Scrambling Code - HLS - HLS

Uplink - SF/2 - HLS - HLS

References

Packet Scheduler SFS. 3GPP spec 25.211 - Physical channels and mapping of transport channels 3GPP spec 25.215 Physical Layer Measurements