Fire Prevention and Protection

Group No. 6

Develop your fire prevention and emergency preparedness program

Remember: SAFETY First

Fire Prevention Goals

SAFE S Save life if safe to do so A Alert F Fight the fire if safe to do so E - Evacuate

Awareness of Firefighting
About 70 percent of those who die in fire incidents in the country lose their lives mainly because they do not have proper awareness to deal w/ the situation. The proper awareness could help people put out fire quickly and prevent it from spreading. This could save people from being hurt or suffer losses.

Fire when out of control, has no friends, no moral values, respects no barriers and recognize no boundaries.

Fire Prevention

Learn not to Burn

Triangle of Fire
The basic strategy of fire prevention is to control or isolate sources of fuel and heat in order to prevent combustion.

Types of Fire
Not all fires are the same, and they are classified according to the type of fuel that is burning.

Class a and class B

Class A wood, paper, cloth, trash and plastics Solid combustible materials that are not metals. Class B flammable liquids: gasoline, oil, grease, and acetone Any non metal in a liquid state, on fire. This classification also include flammable gases.

Class C or E and Class D

Class C or E energized electrical equipment As long as its plugged in, it would be considered C class fire. Class D metals: potassium, sodium, aluminum, magnesium Unless you work in a laboratory or in an industry that uses these materials, it is unlikely youll have to deal w/ a Class D fire. It takes special extinguishing agents (METAL X, foam) to fight such a fire.

CLASSES OF FIRE
CLASS A CLASS B

CLASS C or E

CLASS D

FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Types of fire extinguisher

Most fire extinguishers will have a pictograph label telling you w/c classifications of fire the extinguisher is designed to fight. For ex. A simple water extinguisher might have a label like the one below, indicating that it should only be used on Class A fires. If you use the wrong type of fire extinguisher on the wrong class of fire, you can, in fact, make situation worse.

APW
APW stands for air pressurized water. APWs are large, silver extinguishers that are filled about 2/3 of the way w/ ordinary tap water, then pressurized w/ normal air. In essence, an APW is just a giant squirt gun. APWs stand about 2 feet tall and weigh approximately 25 pounds when full. APWs are designed for Class A (wood, paper, cloth) fires only.

Carbon Dioxide extinguisher

Carbon Dioxide extinguishers are filled w/ non flammable carbon dioxide gas under extreme pressure. You can recognize a CO2 extinguisher by its hard horn lack of pressure gauge. The pressure in the cylinder is so great that when you use one of these extinguishers, bits of dry ice may shoot out the horn. CO2 cylinders are red and range in size from 5 lbs to 100 lbs or larger. In the larger sizes, the hard horn will be located on the end of a long, flexible hose. CO2s are designed for Class B and C (flammable liquid and gas) fires only.

DRY Chemical Extinguisher

Dry Chemical Extinguishers come in a variety of types. You may see them labeled: DC short for dry chemical ABC indicating that they are designed to extinguish class A, B, and C fires, or ABC extinguishers are filled w/ a fine yellow powder. The greatest portion of this powder is composed of mono ammonium phosphate. Nitrogen is used to pressurize the extinguishers. ABC extinguishers are red and range in size from 5 lbs to 20 lbs on campus.

Foam fire extinguisher

When applied to a fire it discharges a jet of foam w/c forms a fire extinguishing film on the surface of the fire helping prevent re-ignition after the fire is extinguished. Suitable on fires including paper, wood, straw, textiles, petrol and oil. It is not suitable for fires involving live electrical equipment.

Class D extinguisher
Class D extinguishers contain a sodium chloride based dry chemical extinguishing agent. This type of extinguisher is designed for use in areas where combustible metals are present.

Fire TYPEs, Extinguishing Agents, and methods

How to use a Fire Extinguisher?

Wrong Methods of fire extinguishing the fire

How to use a fire extinguisher correctly?

Sweep from side to side. Stand at least 5 8 feet back from the fire. Discharge the entire contents of the extinguisher.

What to do ? If you discover a

Fire

What to do in case of a fire?

1. Raise Fire Alarm or Shout Fire, Fire

2. Telephone Fire Service CALL FOR HELP and provide more details about the fire

What to do in case of a fire?

3. Use Appropriate Fire Extinguisher It is safe to do so, you may fight small, contained fire w/ Fire Extinguisher

4. Evacuate to Assembly Point Immediately exit the building, using the stairs & closing the doors. DO NOT USE ELEVATORS. Evacuate to a pre-decided Safe Point and head count

What to do in case of a fire?

5. Shut Off Utility Valves Learn how to shut off Gas and Electricity

If trap in a Fire what to do

If Caught in smoke What to do

If catch by fire What to do

First line of defense

Install Smoke Detectors On every level of your Room/Office building

Fire suppression Safety

Use the following guidelines when approaching and suppressing a fire: Do not attempt to suppress a fire that is clearly too large for the equipment at hand. Work in a buddy system Always have two ways to exit the fire area. Approach smoke filled areas correctly: Feel closed doors w/ the back of the hand. If the door is hot, DANGER! there is a fire behind it DO NOT OPEN THE DOOR or you will risk the door hitting you, being vacuumed into the room, the fire flashing out a t you, or creating an explosion.

Fire suppression Safety

Confine the fire by keeping doors closed. Stay low to the ground. Always know a second escape route. Maintain a safe distance, remembering the effective extinguisher range. Move around the perimeter of the fire to maximize coverage of the extinguisher agent. Prevent rekindling of the fire: - Locate hidden burning material. - Extinguish and safely remove it. - Remove heat by cooling.

THE END