LEARNING WITH TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGY

Learning with Traditional Technology

overhead projector Film Liquid Crystal Display Projector (LCD)

Slide Projector

Educational Technology
O Educational technology, which is also known

as e-learning, instructional technology and learning technology, is the use of technology in support of the learning process. It can refer to all kinds of analogue technologies, such as photographs, video, audio recordings and film, but it is generally used specifically in relation to digital computer technology.

ICT (Information and Communications Technology)

O ICT in education means implementing of its

equipment in teaching and learning process as a media. The purpose of ICT in education is to generally make students familiar with its use and how it works.

Overhead Projector
O Overhead projectors are commonly used for

showing visual aids during a presentation. The visual aids are prepared on transparent sheets, which are then placed on the lower light box portion of the projector. The upper mechanism of the projector, containing reflective mirrors and lenses, then reflects the images onto a screen or wall.

ADVANTAGES
O The teacher can maintain eye contact while

using the overhead. O Transparencies are easy to prepare. O Simple to operate. O Can be used with both large and small groups of audience.

DISADVANTAGES
O Bulky and difficult to transport.
O Too expensive to have one. O It can irritate your eyes because of the

light and radiation. O Only use in a dim light room.

Learning with Traditional Technology

O is the study and ethical practice of facilitating

learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.

O Also called a movie or a motion of pictures, series of a still

FILM

images which when they are passed to a projector it gives the viewer impression of movement.. O Film is produced with a photographic images with a camera.

Advantage
O It can project color, depicts movements

,animations ,and it is very colorful that will make our eyes amazed.

Disadvantage
O This equipment is expensive and it breaks

easily ,it may consume time to fix it .

DVD
O Stands for digital versatile /video disc.
O DVD was chosen for its superior ability to

reproduce moving pictures and sound, for its superior durability, and for its interactivity.

Advantage
O It has a quality video and sound ,it is easy to

jump at the different segments,we can use computer projector to show videos.

Disadvantage
O There are times that if the technology was

really indemand it may not be available everytime.

Video
O Is the technology electronically capturing , recording,

processing, storing and transmitting . O It also reconstracting a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.

Advantage
O Easy to operate ,easily to move forward

backward with just a click for the specific segment of film that we want to see.

Disadvantage
O The scale video projector should fit to the

television that you are going to use because there are times that if the video or the television is not suitable with each other the video may not be project.

Liquid Crystal Display Projector (LCD)

O LCD ( liquid Crystal Display) is

a type of video projector for displaying video, images or computer data on a screen or other flat surface. It is a modern equivalent of the slide projector or overhead projector.

Advantages:
O Is capable of enabling classroom teacher to

O
O O

communicate easily with large group and be more creative with their information material. Allow for quick and easy set-up. Can make the presentation more polished and professional product. Enhance learning experience. Using the presentation software live. Captivate the attention of the students.

Limitations:
O Longer to produce
O More expensive

O Time-consuming
O Clarity on the some

models is a prior.

Slide Projector

O Slide projector is a specialized projector

which has been designed to be use with slides. One example of slides projector is a Carousel slide projector. A carousel slide projector is a common form of slide projector, used to project slides photographs and to create slideshows. Slides are small transparencies mounted in sturdy frames .

Advantages:
Vivid colors
Can be run

automatically Inexpensive

Disadvantages:
Can easily misaligned Trays spill easily Must be shown in a dark

room Cannot easily change the order of the slides.

O Late 1970s- early 1980s O Late 1980s- early 1990s O Early 1990s

O Late 1990s- early 2000

ICT IN EDUCATION (INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION)

ICT in Education

Deal with the use of ICT in Educational technology, the implementation of equipment in teaching and learning process as a media. The purpose of ICT in Education is to generally make students familiar with its use and how it work.

LATE 1970SEARLY 1980S PROGRAMMING, DRILL AND PRACTICE; In this year there were no much software yet, but there were the MS Basic for programming and naturally the lesson of ATK about. ATK means Automated Data Processing.

MS Basic
Was the foundation product of the Microsoft company. It first appeared in 1975 as Altair BASIC, which was the first BASIC and the first high level programming language.

The pedagogical reason why they teach programming was not to train programmers, but they believe that it will develop students logics and math skills as most it does.

Nokia Mikro Mikko

Is a software that is very simple to drill and practice exercise for math and language learning. Nokia Data's attempt to enter the business computer market. They were especially designed for good ergonomic.

NOKIA Mikro Mikko 1 Picture

Late 1980s early 1990s: Computer Based Training (CBT) with Multimedia

Same point when the multimedia computers, with advanced graphics and sound came to the mass markets it was presented a claim that the drill and practice exercises failed to teach much because they didnt contain multimedia. Students would learn if they could watch animations in colors, small video clips and then do the exercises.

This was the golden era of CDROMs and multimedia computers. Have a huge impact on the ways we learn. The times were good for CD-ROM producers and of multimedia PC manufacturers.

CD-ROM (Compact DiscRead Only Memory)

CD-ROM Drive - a drive that is connected to a computer and on which a CD-ROM can be `played'

The pedagogical mantra behind this phase was that human are different and some students learn better by watching movies / animations and listening audios whereas some learn better by reading or watching still images.
Example of CD-ROM Learning through the CDROM

The drill and practice component (now in colors) was kept in there, too, but now its role was more to control yourself if you learned what the multimedia was trying to teach you. But the multimedia CD-ROMs didnt either get people to deep learning and understanding. They failed to be useful almost in all other study subjects than language learning where part of the study work of many people really requires hard practicing and repetition (vocabulary, grammar etc.)

Early 1990s: Internetbased training (IBT);

The third wave or hype of using computer in education came with the raise of the World Wide Web. The failure of CD-ROMs were claimed to be related to the challenges to update the content in the CD-ROMs. The promoters of the new paradigm claimed that information changes so fast that one should update it almost every day. The solution is here: the Internet and the Internet-based training.

At this point computer-based training was brought to Internet, but again without the multimedia. All you could do on Internet, that time, was text and pictures and some early experiments with animations, video and audio. Pretty fast it was noticed that clicking and reading elearning course materials online didnt make people very smart. And again some people claimed that the problem was the lack of multimedia.

The educational ideas behind Internetbased training were not pedagogical at all. The purpose and reason to promote it was the believe that it is cost-efficient as there were no more travelling to training or absence from workplace. Finally it was not that cost-efficient at all. In the end of the day there was very little under the bottom line people didnt learn much.

Late 1990s early 2000: e-Learning

The Internet-based training got mature in late 1990s and early 2000 in a form of e-learning. The hype around e-learning is a kind of classical example of creating needs. Thousands of websites, articles and companies made it clear for all somehow related to education that this is something you must be involved it. Computer-Based Training (CBT) is an interactive method of learning that provides a series of selfpaced, hands-on, web-based courses. CBT offers technology, managerial, and supervisory curricula. Technology curricula contain courses for IT beginners and IT professionals.

Technology courses include Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Outlook etc.), Macromedia, Adobe, Security, Internet (Internet basics, How to create a Web page, etc.), and more advanced topics such as JavaScript, C , LINUX, Servers, and open systems. Managerial and Supervisory curricula contain courses for Business Skills, Human Resource, and Workplace Compliance. Some of these courses include Communication, Diversity, Leadership, and Team Building.

The pedagogical thinking around the elearning is closely related to the computerbased training. The point is to deliver courses for students. Later on the learning platform developers has become more aware that learning requires social activities among the learners themselves and the learner and the teacher(s). Still the user interfaces of the LMS systems are at least implicitly telling you that you should first read the content and if there is something you do not understand you may ask your peers or your teacher.

On the other hand the e-learning field is nowadays so wide that it is hard to say what is the pedagogical thinking behind it. E-learning is no more one. It could be said that all the earlier paradigms live inside the e-leaning plus some clues of the future: social software and open content.

What is eLearning?
E-Learning is so broad and encompassing that it's hard to articulate a brief definition that actually does the term justice. There may be other slightly different definitions, but we define eLearning as: "The use of any electronic technology to aid in the acquisition and development of knowledge and understanding in order to demonstrable and positively influence behaviors."

The term eLearning is really just an umbrella term which covers a wide set of electronic educational applications and processes such as Web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual classrooms, and digital collaboration. It includes the delivery of content via network, audio and video recordings, satellite broadcast, interactive TV, and CD-ROM as well as many, many others. eLearning is naturally suited to distance learning and flexible learning situations so it is primarily used for these types of training. However, it can also be used in conjunction with face-to-face teaching, in which case the term blended learning is commonly used.

Advantages of e-learning
Convenience is one of the major advantages of elearning. It allows students to work and learn at their own pace without the unyielding time restrictions of traditional learning. Because e-learning provides access to learning materials at any time, students have the flexibility to schedule around families, jobs and other activities. Another major benefit of e-learning is the accessibility it provides. Students can learn from anywhere in the world. This is an especially important consideration for students who wish to study in a different country. In addition, because e-learning can be done from home, students have less clothing and driving expenses than with traditional learning.

Disadvantages of e-learning
A major disadvantage to e-learning is the selfdiscipline it requires. While being able to work at your own pace can be an advantage, it can also be a disadvantage. This is especially true for students who have difficulty with time management and procrastination. These students tend to be more successful with the structure of traditional learning. Another disadvantage to e-learning is the technology involved. Some people do not have ready access to a computer and Internet connection. And some who do have the required equipment feel ill-equipped to use it. Lack of interaction between teacher and student is another drawback to e-learning. Some students need the immediate feedback that interaction provides.

It is commonly thought that new technologies can make a big difference in education. In particular, children can interact with new media, and develop their skills, knowledge, perception of the world, under their parents' monitoring, of course. Many proponents of e-learning believe that everyone must be equipped with basic knowledge in technology, as well as use it as a medium to reach a particular goal.

UNDERSTANDING NATURE OF INSTRUCTIONAL SOFTWARE

Different Types of Software

Group 3 Joy Marie B. Pamada

Different Types of Software

Operating System

Operating System
O Purpose

To Control your computer.

Example

Microsoft Windows Linux Macintosh OS

Word Processors

Word Processors
O Purpose

Write essays, novels, reports, or other types of text.

Example
Word Corel WordPerfect AbiWord

Spreadsheets

Spreadsheets
O Purpose

Track budgets or investments, or make other calculations.

Example
Excel Lotus 1-2-3 VisiCalc.

Presentation Software

Presentation Software
O Purpose

Create slideshows or Presentation for meetings.

Example
PowerPoint

Database Management Systems

Database Management Systems

O Purpose

Organize and filter lists of data, such as addresses or inventories.

Example
Access Oracle Sybase

Photo editors

Photo editors
O Purpose

To Change or Edit digital photos and other images.

Example
Photoshop Photo Paint Gimp

Games

Games
O Purpose

To Have fun playing or experiencing challenges.

Example
The Sims PacMan Minesweeper.

Desktop publishing

Desktop publishing
O Purpose

Make a magazine, a poster, or an advertisement.

Example
PageMaker InDesign QuarkXPress

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Software

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Software

O Purpose

Create blueprints or designs.

Example
AutoCAD SolidWorks MicroStation

Web Browsers

Web Browsers
O Purpose

View pages on the World Wide Web.

Example
Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox Opera

E-mail Clients

E-mail Clients
O Purpose

Send letters and files to other people.

Example
Mozilla Thunderbird ClawMail SpiceBird

Educational Multimedia Application

Group 7 Kalagayan, Ruby Lark A. Abante, Aileen D. Marquez, Ma. Angelica M. Loloy, Mae D.

Educational Multimedia Application

O Definition and Elements of

Multimedia O Interactive Multimedia O Interface Design O Benefits of Multimedia

Multimedia in Education
"People only retain 20% of what they see and 30% of what they hear, but they remember 50% of what they hear and see, and as much as 80% of what they see, hear and do simultaneously." - Computer Technology Research 1993

Multimedia
- Comes from the word "Multi" and "Media", wherein "multi" means various and "media" refers to any hardware or software used for communicating and transmitting information. - Represents the convergence of text, pictures, video, animation and sound into a single form. - Uses computers to present text, audio, video, animation, and images in various ways and combinations made possible through the advancement of technology.

Elements of Multimedia
O Text
O Sound O Video O Animation O Graphics

Text
Text is the basic element of multimedia. Generally, it provides the important information. It acts as the keystone tying all of the other media elements together. In using text as an element, you should consider how to present it in acceptable way and supplementing it with other media.

Sound
Sound can be described as the vibrations that travel through air that can be heard by humans. It is used to provide emphasis or highlight a transition from one page to another. It also paired with a complex image or visual display with a spoken explanation.

Video
Real-life situations can be better understood via video. the use of video is appropriate to convey information about environment that can be either dangerous or expensive to consider or recreate. It can be used also to give example of phenomena or issues referred in the text.

Animation
It is used to show changes in state over time or to present information slowly to students so that they have to assimilate it in smaller chunks. It is primarily used to demonstrate an idea or illustrate a concept.

Graphics
Graphics provide the most creative possibilities for a learning session. They can be photographs, drawings, graphs from spread sheet, pictures from CD-ROM or something pulled from the internet.

Interactive the user has a control over the program.

Multimedia is the integration

of text, sound, graphics, animations and video into a single unit.

Interactive Multimedia is multimedia which gives the user some navigational controls.

INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA
is where you can interact with it. Examples: Personal Computer DVD menu Television Cell Phone

Assist in Creating an Interactive Multimedia Interactive Multimedia Applicatio n Tutorials Games Electronic Encyclopaedias Travel Guides Mouse Input Touch Screen Voice Commands

Interface

Design media

of

Multi-

it aims to enhance the visual, usability and technological qualities of an interface. It adds to the satisfaction of the person using a product or a service.

Role of Interface Design

Design is a very powerful and influential part of media. It can; Convey and reinforce the message, Affect the mood and attitude of the viewer. People absorb and retain more from visuals; (pictures, diagrams, etc.) than other information sources such as text and sound.

Characteristics of Interface Design

Good interface design is the key to good interactive multimedia, it will captivate the user and guide their eyes and interaction the way the designer intended. An interface design should be: Appealing Easy to understand Intuitive to interact with

In making your interface design you should consider the basic principles and elements of design:
The Three Basic Principals of Design. Although Design is a very complex field there are three basic sets of guidelines or Principals that always apply to good design. They are: Unity, Balance, Contrast.

The Basic Elements of Design. The elements are the nuts and bolts of design. They are the ingredients we use to achieve the principles. (Unity, balance and contrast.) Elements are made up of the bits and pieces that we put into our designs. (Pictures, text, diagrams, backgrounds, panels etc.) There are seven basic elements of design, they are: Line, Shape, Color, Value, Texture, Form, Space.

Examples of interfaces design in multi-media

The beniFIts of multimedia in education

The use of multimedia increases efficiency

OUsing multimedia and

thereby reducing the amount of teacher student contact time appears to offer the scope for significant savings.

For example:

A one hour lecture which is replaced by a poorly designed multimedia product which requires four hours of work per student to achieve an equivalent level of understanding should not be regarded as efficient learning. In other words, efficient teaching is not necessarily efficient learning

The use of multimedia increases students motivation

OIt is often claimed that

multimedia technology offers more stimulating and motivating learning with traditional teaching environment than associated

Multimedia facilitates active learning

O Active learning embraces the

view that effective learning occurs when students actively engage in the subject matter concerned. This can be achieved using a variety of activities, such as question, exercises, and discussions which are introduced into the teaching process.

Multimedia facilitates experiential learning.

ORelated to active

learning is the notion that students learn well by doing for themselves.

The use of multimedia is consistent with student centered learning.

O Student centered learning

recognize that students learn well when they take responsibility for their own learning, and also that different students have different learning styles and different learning needs.