SUMMARY SKILLS

Identifying Details Use a word to replace a phrasal verb

Summary Skills

Use oneword linkers

Use oneword time expressions

Use class words

I Identifying Details
Identify Adjectives
Adjectives words that describes people & things E.g. A big fat rat ran across the slimy, littered floor of

the old railway station.

Identify Adverbs
Words that describe action Usually ends with ly E.g. The children screamed happily as they ran quickly

out of school.

Identify Adjective Clauses

Usually starts with who, which, that, whom, and whose Marked off by commas

II Use one-word linkers

Linkers the words that you used to start

a sentence. Example as a conclusion, In addition, The first reason Shorten it down as a conclusion = therefore. Original Sentence : As a conclusion, all drivers must obey traffic rules. Condensed sentence : Therefore, all drivers must obey traffic rules.

III Use class words

You need to increase your vocabulary Class words can replace a long lists of

examples. Words that indicates example, for example, like, such as, to illustrate, some examples are Example : Apples, oranges and grapes (fruits) Hibiscus, daisies, roses (flowers)

IV Use one-word time expressions

Sometimes we use sentences which

contain two or three-word time expressions. Substitute them with one-word time expressions. E.g. all the time always now and then sometimes Not so often - regularly

V Use a word to replace phrasal verb

Phrasal verb sometimes will include more

than 2 words You need to use one word to replace the phrasal verb E.g. He rang up his mother this morning. He called his mother this morning. Other examples, find out = discover, go down = decrease, put on = wear.

EXERCISES

Exercise : Identify and underline the adjectives and adjectives clauses in the sentences below. Then write the gist of the sentences.
1. The Gawai Festival, which is a harvest festival, 2. 3. 4. 5.

is celebrated in Sarawak. The people, who were beautifully and colourfully dressed in their tribal costumes, sang and danced. All the things left behind at the Cineplex which are not claimed by 30 June will be donated to charity. The girl, who scored 17 As in the last SPM, was rewarded with a scholarship. A non-Chinese lion dance group whose members are from all walks of life, gave a performance in Genting Highlands.

Exercise : Condensed the sentences below by substituting the linkers.

1. The first step is to draw up a plan for the

project. 2. The second step is to saw the wood into the right sizes. 3. As a conclusion, saying No is the best way to prevent children from experimenting with cigarettes. 4. It rained continuously for two weeks. As a result, many landslides occurred along the highway.

Exercise : Substitute the list of examples in each of the sentences below using a suitable class word
1. All types of slippers, sandals, and shoes are 2.

3.
4.

5.

not allowed in the computer laboratory. My neighbor realizes that it is healthier to eat the long beans, brinjals and ladies fingers grown in her backyard. Eating fresh guava, mangoes, papayas and pineapples will improve your complexion. Malaysians donated a lot of shirts, dresses, skirts, trousers, and shorts to the victim of tsunami. The cars, vans, buses and lorries could not pass the section of the highway that was flooded.

Exercise : Condense the following sentences with one-word time expressions

1. The lights in the hostel went out all of a sudden. 2. Sabahans celebrate Hari Keamataan once a year. 3. The Residents Association in our neighborhood organizes gatherings twice a year. 4. The guard does his rounds at the parking lot every night. 5. Once in a while, our teacher will surprise us with a pop quiz.

Exercise : Replace the phrasal verb highlighted in bold in each sentence with one word from the box.
1.

2.

3. 4.

5.

The student took away all the shoes outside the classroom. Please come along with me to see the principal. The workers tore down the building this morning. Please try out the machine before buying it. SMS stands for Short Message Services.

Test

Represents
Demolished

Removed
Follow