BIODIESEL FROM KAPOK SEEDS OIL

By Group 8 Agus Aktawan Bram Styawan Humaidi Usman (Chemical Engineering) (Electrical Engineering) (Mechanical Engineering)

GREEN ENERGY PROGRAM

RENEWABLE ENERGY TOTAL WORLD OIL RESERVES

TOTAL ENERGY DEMAND

UNEMPLOYEE ENVIRONMENT DESTRUCTION

PROFIT ???

What for?

AWARENESS OF ENVIRONMENT

OPTIMIZING THE POTENTIAL

IMPROVEMENT SKILL AND KNOWLEDGE

MOTIVATING THE USE

START!!!

PLANNING

BIG
project

Pasuruan, East Java Capacity

plant Product kg/year) : 30000m2 : Bio-Diesel (65 million

Time

: periodical (subtitution)

Controlling
RAW MATERIAL
1. PLANT 2. BUY
branch branch

branch

branch

CENTRAL
(Pasuruan)

branch

OPERATIONAL
branch branch

WORKER

branch

Info

Biodiesel is a product resulted from chemical reaction of vegetable oil that has same character s like diesel fuel Kapok is in Ordo Malvales dan famili Malvaceae Known as kapas Jawa or kapok Jawa, or kapas-sutra tree Several functions of Kapuk Tree, especially as pillow stuffing, but....

Long time ago, Kapuk Randu seeds known as a waste product

Biodisel Specification

standard biodiesel yang sesuai dengan SNI 04-7182-2006

Why Kapok?

Getting from renewable raw material Number of Cetane is High High viscocity Local production Low sulfur contaminated Decreasing the smoke opacity level Decreasing the emition problems Increasing the number of biodegradability product (mix)

Area Source,
tahun 2006 2007 2008 2009 rata-rata areal (Ha) 82.270 82.270 79.953 80.963 80.963
= 75.384 Ha =14.924 Ha, = 9.742 Ha, = 5.786 Ha, = 3.776 Ha, = 3.528 Ha, = 3.531 Ha, = 3.226 Ha, = 3.048 Ha, = 2.830 Ha, = 2.755 Ha, = 1.905 Ha, = 1.625 Ha

produksi (ton) 28.506 28.506 30.011 30.718 29.435

produktivitas 558 558 582 595 573

Perkebunan Rakyat in East Jawa - Kabupaten Pasuruan - Sumenep - Probolinggo - Ngawi - Lamongan - Bangkalan - Ponorogo - Madiun - Blitar - Bojonegoro - Sampang - Malang

Table. Field Development, production and productivity of kapuk Randu in East Java

The Process of Making Biodiesel

1. Kapok seeds collecting

Kapok seed oil is obtained from pressing the kapok seeds, kapok seeds itself are getting from Pasuruan, with a land area of kapok tree is 12,604 ha with the number of 2,048,757 trees and the production reaches 4170 tons with a yield reached 7900 tons of seed kapok.

2. Kapok Seed pressing

Pressed kapok seeds were conducted to obtain kapok seed oil. This pressing using a screw press equipment because it can produce maximum kapok seed oil:

Oil Pressing Diagram

Kapok seeds

Kapok seeds are from Pandaan, East Java.

The screw pressing tools used diesel motor as a power and this tools can optimally press the kapok seeds. The pressing process is continue and produce oil and waste. This product is like crude oil that still contaminate with a few of kapok seeds shell.

Screw press

Oil

3. Oil filtering

Oil filtering is done to get more clean oil and free from particles or dirty, this filter use the filter press tool.

4. Biodiesel Production Process

The process of making biodiesel is made from the esterification process or reaction processes from kapok seeds oil with methanol that catalyzed by H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid) then continue with the transesterification process of esterification process result with methanol that catalyzed by NaOH (Natrium Hydroxide).

Esterification and Transesterification Process

PROCESS ENGINEERING FLOW DIAGRAM

BIODIESEL PLANT FROM KAPOK SEEDS OIL DAN METANOL CAPACITY 65.000 TON / YEAR
TC

Steam

HE-01

60 1

Steam

HE-02
LI

TC

12

BIODIESEL

LI

Methanol
P-05

30 1 30 1
FC Water

60 1

R-01
LC

TC

Water

P-01

30 2 30 1
LI

CL-01 5 60
RC

D-01
UPL 6 30 1 UPL

13 30 17 121.86
1.9
TC

GLISEROL

LI

H2SO4
P-06

TC

D-02

Water AC-01

P-10 P-02 FC

TC

TC

8 30 1 4 30 1

Steam Steam

P-11

CD-01 7 30 1

HE-04

HE-03

MD
19
101,03

AC-03

LC

60 1
FC

M-01
P-07 FC RC

R-02
Water

P-16

LC

D-03
11 30

FC

RC

FC

UPL 20
101,03

NaOH

1
RC

D-04
125 2

TP-03
LI

FC

OIL

3 30 1

TC 9 30
P-08

TC

Water

14
FC P-13 CL-02

P-03

30 1
AC-02

15 30 1
LC
TC

Steam

RB

10 30 1 M-02
P-12 P-15 P-14 N-01

16 30 1
TC

Water Steam
TC

HE-05
LI

CH3COOH
30 1
P-09

18 320
2.1

CL-03
P-17

30 1

P-04

GLISEROL

LI

Economic Analysis
Production cost of biodiesel from kapok seeds oil for the capacity 65.000 Ton/year - kapok seeds oil prices.............Rp 5.000 per kg - Catalist prices (NaOH).............$ 0,22 per Kg - Methanol prices......................$ 0,46 per Kg - H2SO4 prices.........................$ 0,35 per Kg - Energy prices.........................Rp 5.000 per liter - Glycerol prices.......................$ 26,15 per liter Potensial convertion of kapok seeds oil become biodesel in high capacity of production.

Feasibility study

For the feasibility study, we have done the rude calculation and we get the value from our calculation is : 1. ROI : 23 % 2. POT : 3,23 year 3. POS : 20,25 % 4. BEP : 45,52 % 5. SDP : 19,68 % 6. i Factor : 27,95 %

Optimization

Composition of methanol and catalist of NaOH (reaction temperature sets in 550 C 600 C) Stirring process Heating temperature The purity of catalist Convertion of biodiesel reaction.

Management Production
farmer branch

PLN
branch farmer

farmer

branch

CENTRAL
farmer branch

(Pasuruan)

branch

farmer

Local Industry

farmer

branch

branch

farmer

branch

PERTAMINA

farmer

Structure...
MANAGER

HEAD DIRECTOR

SECRETARY

MANAGER

HEAD OPERATIONAL

SUPERVISOR

SUPERVISOR

SUPERVISOR

SUPERVISOR

SUPERVISOR

OPERATOR

OPERATOR

OPERATOR

OPERATOR

OPERATOR

FOREMAN

FOREMAN

FOREMAN

FOREMAN

FOREMAN

LABOR

LABOR

LABOR

LABOR

LABOR

Position Director Manager Manager Secretary Expert Head Staff Supervisor Foreman Operator

Qualification Engineer Engineer Engineer Management or Social Engineer Engineer All discipline All discipline Senior High School

total 1 1 1 3 3 6 14 8 46

Security
Driver Servant

Senior High School

Junior High School or less Junior High School or less

12
5 5 105

Nothing useless in Allahs wish

Thanks.......
Last...

Emition Comparison

Sumber : Peramalan Badan Energi Internasional (IEA)

http://www.greenradio.fm/technology/89-solar-cell/4081-mengapa-energi-terbarukan-dibutuhkan

World Energy Reserval

Cadangan Minyak Bumi di Indonesia

Prediksi Cadangan Minyak
10 8 6
minyak kurva prediksi minyak

jumlah (milyar barel)

y = -0.0381x2 + 152.75x - 153117 4 2 0 2000 -2

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

Sumber : Ditjen Migas, diolah Pusdatin Diprediksi akan habis dalam jangka waktu 10-12 tahun

Tahun

1 kg of biodiesel could produce 37,8 M Joule. Its equal to 10,5 KWHand enough for turn on the lamp by spesification 25 Watt during 420 hour

Local name
- jarak pagar - jarak kaliki

latin
Jatropha Curcas Riccinus Communis

source
Seed Seed

- kacang suuk
- kapuk/randu - karet

Arachis Hypogea
Ceiba Pantandra Hevea Brasiliensis

Seed
Seed Seed

Materials