DNA COMPUTING

SUBMITTED BY::: VIKAS AGARWAL 1501034 CO-2

WHAT IS DNA?

DEOXYRIBOSE NUCLIC ACID DNA main function is construction of biological life. DNA has 4 NUCLIOTIDES 1. ADENINE 2. GUANINE 3. THYMINE 4. CYTOSINE

DNA

These nucleotide are responsible for the basic instruction for the biological life. DNA perform 1. Inheritance. 2. Protein synthesis. 3. Gene regulation.

WHAT IS DNA COMPUTER?

Computer

processor made from DNA & Enzymes. computer that can perform 330 trillion operations per second.

DNA COMPUTER

DNA computers will be capable of storing billions of times more data than your personal computer. DNA can be integrated into a computer chip to create a so-called biochip that will push computers even faster .

DNA COMPUTER
Think

of DNA as software, and enzymes as hardware .

the naked eye, the DNA computer looks like clear water solution in a test tube.

To

DNA : A UNIQUE DATA STRUCTURE

Data density of DNA is impressive. Just like a string of binary data is encoded with ones and zeros, a strand of DNA is encoded with four bases, represented by the letters A, T, C, and G. bases (also known as nucleotides) .

The

DATA STRUCTURE
DNA

has a special property of double stranded nature. bases A and T, and C and G, can form base pairs. Therefore every DNA sequence has a natural complement.
makes DNA a unique data structure for computation .

The

This

DATA STRUCTURE
Double

stranded DNA is similar to a RAID 1 array, where data is mirrored on two drives, allowing data to be recovered from the second drive if errors occur on the first.
facility for error correction means that the error rate can be quite low.

This

DNA Vs SILICON
Silicon

computing means faster clock cycles (and larger data paths).

computing can perform 1020 operations per second compared to todays teraflop supercomputers.

DNA

DNA Vs SILICON
University

of Wiscosnin-Madison researchers have developed a thin, goldcoated plate of glass about an inch square. The square allows researchers to attach trillions of strands of DNA They believe that by the year 2010 the first DNA chip will be commercially available.

A 3D OPTICAL MEMORY DEVICE

OPTICAL MEMORY DEVICE

Biological molecules BACTERIORHODOPSIN (protein) is being used for thin films, biosensors, and associative volumetric memories. BACTERIORHODOPSIN based memory devices have excellent holographic properties and its efficiency in information storage, and to function in high temperature and intense light.

POWER OF DNA COMPUTER

DNA is modified biochemically by a variety of enzymes. There is a wide variety and number of these "operational" proteins, which manipulate DNA on the molecular level. For example, there are enzymes that cut DNA and paste. Other enzymes function as copiers, repair units.

POWER OF DNA COMPUTER

Molecular biology have developed techniques that allow us to perform many of cellular functions in the test tube. Just like a CPU has a basic suite of operations like addition, bit-shifting, logical operators (AND, OR, NOT NOR), etc. that allow it to perform even the most complex calculations, DNA has cutting, copying, pasting, repairing, and many others.

POWER OF DNA COMPUTER

And note that in the test tube, enzymes do not function sequentially, working on one DNA at a time. Rather, many copies of the enzyme can work on many DNA molecules simultaneously. This is the power of DNA computing, that it can work in a massively parallel fashion.

REFERENCES
www.nationalgeographicnews.com HOW

STUFF WORKS.

www.howstuffworks.com

THANK YOU