ABSTRACT

Present day traffic light controllers (TLC) are based on pre defined specific hardware functioning according to programs which does not have flexibility on real time basis. Due to fixed time of signaling the vehicles tend to spend more time in waiting for signals in spite of prevalent road conditions. To overcome this condition we propose intelligent traffic light controller (ITLC) which makes use of sensor technology along with embedded technology. The red/green signaling will be decided on the basis of vehicle congestion in the respective roads GSM cell phone interface is also provided for those who wish to obtain latest traffic position on congested roads. There is provision to activate emergency mode for the ambulance or fire engine to pass through the signals without interruption.

DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM

Heavy traffic jams. No traffic, but still need to wait. Emergency car struck in traffic jam. Lack of traffic information to users.

OBJECTIVE
To introduce a dynamic concept for handling/regulating road congestion. Our proposal of the model is adaptive and interactive. Adaptive ->automatic regulation of traffic signal timing based on present congestion. Interactive->live update of traffic condition at requested junction through SMS.

BASIC CONCEPT OF ITLC

WORKING
The IR sensors are mounted on the road and under normal condition the IR receiver continuously receives signal from the transmitter. When the vehicle passes through its path the signal continuity is temporarily hindered. In case of heavy traffic jams the hindrance time is high. This time period is used to determine the density of the traffic on the roads. Entire timing and controlling action is monitored by the AT89c52 micro controller.

 Based on this timing the signaling time of the red and green signals changes, which is determined by the controller. In case of higher congestion the green signal timing on that particular road is made high than usual. There is also an provision for the drivers to know about the congestion density of the lanes he /she wishes for using GSM services. The driver will get the current status messages about the density on requisition to an predefined number.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

GSM mobile phone

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

RESULT
IR PAIR 2 LANE 4

IR PAIR 1 LANE 3

LANE 2

LANE 1

WORKING LOGIC
The lanes are marked on the original snapshot for easy reference. Initially G1 is on for 40 sec while R2,R3,R4 are on in respective lanes. Next the signal from R2 switches over to G2 (ie) G2 is on for 40 sec while red signal is present in other lanes. This procedure continues in cyclic way for all the four lanes and traffic density is said to be normal. Now at lane 4 if IR pair1 signal is interrupted the timing for G1 changes from 40 sec to 60 sec (medium traffic condition) Else if both IR pair 1 & 2 signals are interrupted then heavy traffic condition is observed and G4 signaling time changes to 80 sec. If the driver sends message TL@1 or TL@2 or TL@3 or TL@4 to the assigned number 9042659262 an alert message about the present traffic condition of the requested lane is received.

CONCLUSION
The improvement of town traffic condition is largely dependent on the modern ways of traffic management and control. Advanced traffic signal controllers and control system contribute to the improvement of the traffic problem. The intelligent of traffic signal controller is introduced in this project with powerful functions and hardware interface. It is observed that the proposed Intelligent Traffic Light Controller is more efficient than the conventional controller. Moreover, the designed system has simple architecture, fast response time, user friendliness and scope for further expansion.

SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK

Our proposed model can be implemented in mega scale with further improvement in budget as in activating emergency mode concept which might use RFID or any other technology to detect vehicles like ambulance/fire engine/police van before 50 m/1km from the signal and thus making the signal to be in green state so that they can pass through easily. This project can be still developed with SMS providing the alternative route in case of congestion in particular route to the customers. Mega scale project though cannot be implemented using IR sensors, image processing method can be implemented.

REFERENCES
Design of intelligent traffic light controller using atmel controllers2nd international conference on emerging engineering trends 2009(978-0-765-3884-6). Pleen,Roelant Schouten, Design and organization of autonomous systems : ITLC ISBN 45567-45/2010. Chen and Yang, Minimization of travel time and weighted number of stops in a traffic-light network, European Journal of Operational Research. Vol. 144, pp565-580. Roberto Horowitz , Pravin Variya control design of automated highway system proceedings of the IEEE,2009 www.path.berkley.edu/~variya/papers_ps.dir/ahdesign.pdf

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