Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
daibin@hust.edu.cn
EI Department of HUST
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Course Organization
Reference
Kaveh Pahlavan : Principles of Wireless Network: A Unified Approach Dharma Prakash Agrawal : Introduction to wireless and mobile systems Mischa Schwartz : Mobile Wireless Communications Slides from the lectures and turorials Research publications and standard docs(from IEEE eXplore) More... (from Internet)
Grading
Final Examination: Assignment: (Homeworks, Term Paper) 60% 40% (20%, 20%)
Term Paper
Groups of 2-3 students
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Course Outline
Part 1: Wireless Mobile Communications Principles
Overview of Wireless Communications Mobile Radio Channel Multiple Access Digital Communications The Cellular Concept
UMTS
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Overview of Wireless Mobile Communications Wireless Vision History and Evolution Taxonomy
Wireless Fundamentals
GSM Overview
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1920 discovery of short waves by Marconi 1928 many TV broadcast trials 1950s-1970s
Some commercial installations of fixed wireless telephony, e.g., A-Netz and B-Nertz systems in Germany
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1980s
1981 start of Global Spciale Mobile (GSM) specification
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Examples
Interconnection between a mobile phone and a headset
Interconnection between a laptop and projector equipment Wearable computing: everything from helmets, sunglasses to clothes
Technologies
InfraRed (IrDA)
Examples:
Interconnection of stationary and mobile devices such as desktops, laptops, telephones, television, etc. Internet access at public venues such as airports, restaurants, conferences, etc.
Technologies
IEEE 802.11 radio standards (WiFi) Digital Enhanced Cordless Telephony (DECT)
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Examples
Interconnecting operator network to WLANs or end user devices, or interconnecting several WLANs Broadband wireless solution for the last mile access to homes
Technologies
IEEE 802.16 radio standards (WiMax)
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Examples:
Cellular networks Satellite systems
Technologies
GSM, UMTS, HSDPA
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Satellite Systems
Traditional Applications
Weather satellite Radio and TV broadcasting
Military satellites
Satellites for navigation and localization (e.g., GPS)
Telecommunication Applications
Global telephone connections
Backbone for global network Global mobile communication
Advantages
It is far away from the surface of the earth, can cover a wider area.
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Analog transmission
Frequency modulation
Basic bands:
900 MHz
1800 MHz (Digital Cellular System: DCS-1800) 1900 MHz (Personal Communication System:PCS-1900,US only)
Today, GSM is by far the most popular TDMA standard in the world, GSM
counts for over 70% of the global mobile market.
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Scheduled Service:
Started in October 2001 in Japan (W-CDMA) Now in China(W-CDMA/TD-SCDMA/cdma2000)
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Frequency Spectrum
Multiple Access Cellular Concept
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1 Mm 300 Hz
10 km 30 kHz
100 m 3 MHz
1m 300 MHz
10 mm 30 GHz
100 m 3 THz
1 m 300 THz
VLF
LF
MF
HF
VHF
UHF
SHF
EHF
infrared
visible light UV
VLF = Very Low Frequency LF = Low Frequency MF = Medium Frequency HF = High Frequency VHF = Very High Frequency
UHF = Ultra High Frequency SHF = Super High Frequency EHF = Extra High Frequency UV = Ultraviolet Light
= c/f
Frequencies
VHF/UHF ranges for mobile radio
simple, small antenna for cars deterministic propagation characteristics, reliable connections
Unlicensed spectrum is available for general use (with restrictions), e.g., 2.4 GHz ISM band
Duplexing
Motivation: simultaneous two-way communication
Separate uplink and downlink
User 2
User n
Frequency n
User 2
User 1
Time
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In FDMA, frequency band divided into sub-bands, called channels FDMA used in all 1G cellular systems
Mobile Stations
Base Station
Time n
Mobile Stations
Base Station
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User n
. . .
User 2
User 1
Time
Code
Frequency Hopping
Frequency Frame Slot
f1
f2
f3
f4
f5
Time
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BS
Service area
BS BS BS BS
BS BS BS
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Cell
BS MS
MS
Hexagonal cell area used in most models (allow a larger region to be divided into non-overlapping subregions)
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Capacity
Large number of users Minimize blocked and dropped calls
Quality
Speech quality(voice) Bit error rate (data)
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GSM: Overview
formerly: Groupe Spciale Mobile (founded 1982) now: Global System for Mobile Communication European standard (ETSI, European Telecommunications Standardization
Institute)
today many providers all over the world use GSM (more than 200
countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, Australia, America)
more than 1.2 billion subscribers in more than 630 networks more than 75% of all digital mobile phones use GSM Over 550 billion/year SMS worldwide
Total mobility
international access, chip-card enables use of access points of different providers
Worldwide connectivity
one number, the network handles localization
High capacity
better frequency efficiency, smaller cells, more customers per cell
Security functions
access control, authentication via chip-card and PIN(personal identification number)
subsystems
RSS (radio subsystem): covers all radio aspects
Part 2: Antennas
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Part 3: Infrastructure
Not visible, but comprise the major part of the network (also from an investment point of view)
Base Stations
Switching units
Summary
Brief history of wireless communication
Smoke, light, flag to electromagnetic waves to 1G, 2G, 3G
GSM overviews
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