CULTURE

A COMPLEX WHOLE WHICH INCLUDES KNOWLEDGE, BELIEF, ART, LAW, MORALS, CUSTOMS ACQUIRED IN A SOCIETY. A PERSONS SOCIAL HERITAGE A CUSTOMARY WAYS OF BEHAVING, THINKING, AND FEELING. TRANSMITTED FROM ONE GENERATION DESIGNS OR RECIPES OF LIVING TELLS WHAT TO DO AND NOT TO DO. LANGUAGE AND CULTURE MODE OF ADAPTATION

CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE
CULTURE IS LEARNED CULTURE IS TRANSMITTED CULTURE IS SOCIAL, COLLECTIVE, AND LEARNED CULTURE IS IDEATIONAL CULTURE IS GRATIFYING CULTURE IS ADAPTIVE CULTURE IS AN INTEGRATED WHOLE

COMPONENTS OF CULTURE:
1.

KNOWLEDGE - TOTAL RANGE OF WHAT HAS BEEN LEARNED AND PERCEIVED. KINDS OF KNOWLEDGE: A. NATURAL - refers to the accumulated facts about the natural world. B. SUPERNATURAL - refers to the perceptions about the actions of gods, demons, angels or spirits.

KINDS OF KNOWLEDGE:
C. TECHNICAL - pertains to the knowledge of nature which are useful in dealing with practical problems like methods of acquiring food. D. MAGICAL - refers to the perceptions about methods of influencing supernatural events by manipulating certain laws of nature.

COMPONENTS OF CULTURE:
2. SOCIAL NORMS - RULES OR GROUP EXPECTATIONS OF HOW ONE SHOULD BEHAVE OR ACT IN CERTAIN SITUATIONS. - CONFORMITY BRINGS REWARDS WHILE NONCONFORMITY BRINGS SANCTIONS. 3. FOLKWAYS - COMMONLY KNOWN AS THE CUSTOMS, TRADITIONS, AND CONVENTIONS OF SOCIETY.

COMPONENTS OF CULTURE:
4. MORES - SPECIAL FOLKWAYS BASED ON ETHICAL AND MORAL VALUES. - COERCIVE IN NATURE THAT ARE BASED FROM THE TEN COMMANDMENTS. 5. LAWS - FORMALIZED NORMS, ENACTED BY PEOPLE.

ELEMENTS OF CULTURE:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

SYMBOLS KNOWLEDGE NORMS VALUES BELIEFS

ETHNOCENTRISM - THE TENDENCY TO REGARD ONES CULTURE AS THE BEST AND BETTER THAN THOSE OF OTHERS.
XENOCENTRISM - WHEN PEOPLE REJECT THEIR OWN GROUP OR SOME PART OF THEIR CULTURE.

CULTURE
CULTURE SHOCK - WHEN PEOPLE ENCOUNTER ANOTHER CULTURE WHOSE PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR ARE DIFFERENT FROM THEIR OWN, THEY MAY GET DISORIENTED OR DISORGANIZED.

CULTURE: ITS UNITY AND DIVERSITY

CULTURAL RELATIVISM CULTURE IS RELATIVE, AND NO CULTURAL PRACTICE IS GOOD OR BAD IN ITSELF. CULTURAL UNIVERSALS CULTURAL ELEMENTS AND FEATURES ARE COMMON TO ALL.

DIVERSITY OF CULTURE
CULTURAL DIVERSITY THE WIDE RANGE OF DIFFERENCES IN CULTURAL PATTERNS, IDEAS, BELIEFS, KNOWLEDGE, FORMS OF SOCIAL ORGANIZATION, AND PRACTICAL RESPONSES TO THE ENVIRONMENT.

FACTORS THAT PROMOTE CULTURAL DIVERSITY:

PRESENCE OF SOCIAL CATEGORIES SUBCULTURES CULTURES DIFFER IN IDEAS AND PRACTICAL RESPONSES TO THE ENVIRONMENT.

CULTURAL VARIABILITY
CULTURES DIFFER BECAUSE OF THE GREAT VARIETY OF SOLUTIONS EVOLVED BY PEOPLE FROM DIFFERENT SOCIETIES. EXAMPLE: SEX DIFFERENCES ARE BASED ON BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES.

CULTURAL INTEGRATION
WHEN PEOPLE ARE CONSISTENT WITH WHAT THEY BELIEVE IN AND DO WHILE ENGAGING IN ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND OTHER ACTIVITIES, THEN THEIR CULTURE IS ONE WHERE THERE ARE NO OUTSTANDING CONTRADICTIONS.

CULTURAL RELATIVITY
STANDARD OF BEHAVIOR MUST BE UNDERSTOOD WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF A SOCIETYS CULTURE.

END OF THE DISCUSSION LONG QUIZ NEXT MEETING