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industrial activities.
cooling
Fighting
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Cooling water
The term cooling water is applied where water is
circulated through equipment to absorb and carry away the heat. This definition includes: Industrial Air
conditioning and refrigeration system, jacket cooling systems including power plants.
Engine
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Once-Through System
In this system, water passes through the equipment only once
and the warm water is usually discharged to its original source from which it is drawn.
APPLICATION
RIVER
FLOW
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Once-Through System
Advantages
System is very simple During cooling, water does not evaporate hence the cold and warmed water characteristics does not change. System has less potential for scale formation and corrosion Cooling towers, Hot water sump, etc. can be avoided in this system.
Disadvantages
Plant should be located near to the water body Discharging the warmed water to the water body raises the temperature, affecting the aquatic life and increasing the stringent restrictions on thermal discharge Contamination of large amount of water which cannot be treated efficiently or 2/6/13 FSPD HYDRO economically.
treatment technology.
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CONSUMER
MAKE-UP
COOLING TOWER
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the equipment or heat exchangers to a cooling tower and then returned to the equipment or heat exchanger.
The recirulating water is always in contact
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EOHT
CONSUMER
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equipment/ product being cooled and it is in direct contact with the equipment/product as well as atmospheric air for heat rejection
Further cooling water will be treated to the quality to
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MAKE-UP
SOFT/DM WATER PLANT CHEMICAL DOSING MAKE-UP COLD WATER SUMP COOLING TOWER
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Cooling water in a closed recirculation system remains completely confined within the entire system including pipes heat exchangers.
Secondary circuit
The heat absorbed by the primary circuit fluid is transferred to secondary circuit water in the heat exchangers. The secondary water is recirculated in the cooling tower where heat is rejected by evaporation of the secondary water.
Examples
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Pumps
mins at 30-40 % of the normal water circulation flow rate. 2/6/13 FSPD HYDRO
experience all sorts of problems associated with cooling water like scale formation, corrosion, and micro biological fouling (only in open cooling system).
The cooling water is treated with various types of
chemical in order avoid above problems and to protect heat transfer efficiency of the system
Chlorine is one of the common Biocides used to control
biological fouling.
For prevention of scale formation and corrosion of the
2/6/13 FSPD sodium material, scale inhibitors like sulphuric acid,HYDRO
water requirement(industrial water, soft water, DM water) including pressure and temperature etc.
indicating inflow & out flow , losses in system and fresh water requirement as make up water.
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finalised layout
Preparation of piping detail engineering drawings for execution at site. 2/6/13 FSPD HYDRO