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ANDHRA PRADESH
PRIMACY STUDIES
The urban system of any region is characterised by the dominance of one city which is called 'primate city'. Primacy is present when the largest city is twice the population of the one that is second in the rank. A country's leading city is always disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national capacity and feeling. The primate city is commonly at least twice as large as the next largest city and more than twice as significant. - Mark Jefferson, 1939 Primacy exists when a system of small towns and cities is dominated by one large city (Jefferson, M. 1939). G. K. Zipf (1949) gave a mathematical explanation to the law of primate city. It is called rank-size rule. According to this if all towns in a region are arranged in descending order by population, the size of the town is 1/r the size of the largest town, according to the series 1, 1/2,1/ 3, 1/4........ 1/r.
Andhra Pradesh
Population (2011) Total Density HDI 84,655,533 310/km (800/sq mi) 0.572 (medium)
2
HDI rank
1. 2. 3. 4.
20th (2005)
Hyderabad Urban region covering Telangana area Vijayawada-Guntur region covering the Delta areas of Coastal Andhra Vishakhapatnam Urban region covering Srikakulam, Vizianagaram and Vishakhapatnam. Kurnool-Nellore Urban region which covers entire Rayalaseema region.
Demographics
CITY / TOWN
POPULATION
RANK
Hyderabad
Vishakapatnam Vijayawada Warangal Nellore
68,09,970
17,30,320 14,91,202 7,59,594 5,64,148 4,78,199 4,71,100 4,59,985 4,42,936 2,39,374
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2011 Census
1971 Census
CITY / TOWN
Hyderabad Vishakapatnam Vijayawada Warangal
POPULATION
16,12,276 3,63,467 3,34,000 2,07,520
RANK
1 2 3 5
Nellore
Rajamundry Guntur Tirupati Kakinada Vizianagaram
1,13,600
1,89,000 2,69,900 71,700 1,64, 200 86,500
8
6 4 10 7 9
Andhra Pradesh
Source: (1991) (2001) (2011) Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner
1612276
CITY
1971
334000 269900 207520 189000 164200 113600 86500 71700
PROMOTION / DEMOTION
363467
1 2 3 5 8 6 4 10 7
8000000
Population of cities
Nellore
6809970
6000000
Rajahmundry Guntur
4000000
2000000 0
2011
471100 442936 459985 239374
Tirupati Kakinada
Vizianagaram
10
Analysis for Primacy: Log Linear Relationship for 1971 & 2011 data
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
5.560465 5.31706 6.207439 5.523746 5.431203 5.276462 5.215373 5.055378 4.937016 4.855519
The primacy index can be calculated by the following formula: PI = C1/ (C1 + C2 + C3 + C4) * 100 In 1971, PI= 16,12,276/(16,12,276+ 3,63,467+ 3,34,000 + 2,07,520)*100 = 64 > 50 In 2011, PI= 68,09,970/(68,09,970+17,30,320+14,91,202+7,59,59 4)*100 = 63.1 > 50.
1971
8 6 4 2
6.2381264 6.8331452 6.1735365 5.7513931 5.6731131 5.646341 5.8805815 5.6627437 5.6796087 5.379077
2011
Inferences
-It is observed that the population of the Capital city of Hyderabad is much higher than the second and third rank cities (almost 4 times). - Post Independence, Hyderabad gained prominence from Telangana region only. - After formation of AP in 1956, there was a considerable shift from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions towards Hyderabad where many industries were setup and scope for job opportunities were higher. - Yet, Vishakapatnam retained its pace of growth being an important port town along the eastern coast.
- Vijayawada became a secondary centre for development as it emerged as an important railway junction connecting northern and southern parts of the country. Also it is an important commercial centre for the Andhra region.
- Similarly, Nellore is growth centre of Rayalaseema region. -Guntur, Vizianagaram and Kakinada portrayed a decline in population growth rate (relative) owing to the presence of higher order cities of Vijayawada and Vishakhapatnam in their vicinity. - In future, if a new state of Telangana emerges, it shall result in the development of Vijayawada and Vishakapatnam , as probable capitals for the state of AP. The speculations have triggered a population rise in these regions already. It is visible from the real estate pricing boom in these areas.
References
Annexure 8.1. Source: Census of India, Government of India Census of India Website (1991) (2001) (2011) Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner Census of India 1931, 1971 Provisional Population Tables 1991 Mongabay.com
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