INDIAN BANKING SECTOR

Introduction
Initially the banking industry only indulged in lending and borrowing of fund. However, due to globalization the banking sector has advanced further and further and now provides not only lending and borrowing of fund services but also includes insurance and mutual funds and related services. In India the banking sector is divided into two Public Sector Banks, Private Sector Banks and Foreign Banks further they were categorized as Retail Banking, Commercial Banking, Investment Banking depending on the type of services they provide

 The emergence of technology-driven new private banks have broadened the scope and range of banking service and entry of Financial

Institutions are into the short-term lending business, is resulting in needs for more professionals. Now banks are in the mutual funds , securitisation business credit cards, consumer loans, housing loans, housing loans besides trading in gold and Forex activities.

Current Banking Scenario :

Current Banking Scenario Currently, India has 81 scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) 28 (19 Nationalised banks + 8 SBI Group + 1 IDBI), 29 Foreign banks and 24 Private banks. They have a combined network of over 53,000 branches and 17,000 ATMs. The public sector banks hold over 75 percent of total assets of the banking industry, with the private and foreign banks holding 18% and 7% respectively.

MARKETING IN BANKING

Financial Structure
The Indian financial system comprises the following institutions: 1. Commercial banks a. Public sector b. Private sector c. Foreign banks d. Cooperative institutions (i) Urban cooperative banks (ii) State cooperative banks Central cooperative banks 2. Financial institutions a. All-India financial institutions (AIFIs) b. State financial corporations (SFCs) c. State industrial development corporations (SIDCs)

3. Nonbanking financial companies (NBFCs)

4. Capital market intermediaries

 The Indian financial industry underwent rapid transformation post liberalization in the early 90s, resulting in greater inflow of investments from FII's into the capital market. Despite the foray of foreign banks in the country, nationalized banks continue to be the biggest lenders in the country, primarily due to their size and penetration of networks. In fact, Industry estimates indicate that over 80% of commercial banks in India are in the public sector and of the 50-odd private banks, less than half are foreign banks. The Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of India.

Growth Potential to suit There are a range of retail jobs

most skill sets, including banking officer, probationary officer, loan agent, assessor, mortgage loan underwriter, loan processing officer, accountant, product marketing and sales executive, and customer service executive among others. However, job security is not very high in retail banking as many players suffer from shrinking margins and poor customer retention due to increasing competition and limited market differentiation, leading to lay-offs

Meanwhile, there are also more skilled jobs available such as actuarist, equity researcher, forex trader, securities linked products developer and portfolio manager for those with the relevant knowledge and ambition. The biggest opportunity in this sector remains in improving information flow to customers. Hence, there is a growing emphasis on in-house research and market intelligence.

Future Prospects
In the months to come ,hiring is likely to

remain robust. Many banks are investing in training programs to upgrade worker skills to enhance their competitive edge in anticipation of the segment once more regaining its rightful place as the harbinger of development and progress.

Careers In Banking
I Foreign Banks are the most sought after due to their salary packages comparable to the best in the country and better job profiles. However, the job security in these banks is also dependent on various external factors, like the economy of the parent country, performance of the bank worldwide, change in expatriate management etc.

II Public sector Banks recruit mainly graduates , MBAs,CAs and CFAs at the entry level on the basis of All India Level examination. However professionals like engineers, doctors, technologists, lawyers, ex-defence officers etc are recruited on senior positions through All India tests.

III Private sector/Foreign Banks prefer to take MBA's, CA's etc at junior positions through Campus recruitment and interviews. However, at the senior positions they opt for experienced bankers. Thus the officers from Public sector Banks become the natural choice for such positions. Thus job-hopping has become an well-accepted norm in the Industry.

Private Banks:

The fresher's are mostly hired for the positions of Investment Banking Associates. This profile requires selling financial services provided by the bank

which include securities, loans, FDs etc. Further one can also be recruited for the profile of a

Investment Banker Private client services Clients are HNI (Higj Net-worth Individuals) It involves putting together an integrated packages of investment

and financial services to the clients. They are also entitled to perform specific task for the clients like:

Estate Planning Tax Planning and Investment startegies

In simple words it is HNIs portfolio management.

 Investment Banking Research involves providing critical analytical support to investment banking,

sales and trading activities. Research involves quantitative research (pricing models), economic research (interest rates), and individual company research. Research is also responsible for maintaining long-term relationships with corporate clients long after the deals are done. they meet regularly with company management, to analyze the company's position relative to competitors, and provide recommendations about the company's stock to investors, plus sales and trading.
Corporate Finance banker. These are the financial consultants to corporate who advise them on

the financial front and help them in restructuring balance sheets They also need to provide assistance in IPO and also serve as underwrites to the firms.

Analyst

Analysts working for investment banks perform valuation calculations on the various debt or equity securities being

offered. Critical thinking skills are supremely important, as an investment bank's services extend to appraising entire entities for a pending merger, acquisition or corporate restructuring.

Asset Management

Asset managers manage money for individuals and institutions. they convert that money into assets-stocks, bonds, derivatives, and

other types of investments-and try to make that money grow as fast as possible. Mutual fund companies, banks and corporations hire asset managers to invest people's money wisely and profitably. Asset managers use a combination of investment theory, quantitative tools, market experience, research, and plain dumb luck to pick investments for their portfolios, ranging from high-risk stocks to commercial real estate to cash accounts The field opens to graduates of many degrees, and a mastery of finance and accounting (whether learned through academia or by self study).

Pay - Packages
Most Public sector officers can begin in the Rs

8700-12400 per month scale. MBAs recruited by private and foreign banks are given plum packages to the extent of about Rs 2500030000 a month However for positions of Investment banker some Cos also offer from 5L to 10 L packages, however CAs are the competitors for the same.

Eligibility
Public sector:
There is good scope for professionals like MBAs, CAs

for Direct entry as Manager, Sr Manager. There is scope for Technical posts like Agriculture Officers, Industry Officers, Law Officers, Hindi Officers and Economic Officers. Qualifications for Banking Jobs For Clerical Jobs: Minimum Qualifications are 10+2 with marks 50% and above or Graduation. Age 18 yrs to 28 years. For Probationary Officers Minimum Qualifications are Graduation with marks 55% and above. Age 21 yrs to 30 years.

 Private sector/Foreign Banks

prefer to take MBA's, CA's etc at junior positions through Campus recruitment and interviews. They also look for certification like NCFM analyst module. CFA, CS serve as a value addition for Research based jobs.

Job Opportunities for MBA Operations Management.

Insurance Officers.
Back End Services. Loan Officers. (SMEs)

Top 10Bank Of India (SBI) Banks Of India 1. State

1.

HQ: Mumbai.

2. ICICI Bank 3. Axix Bank (SBI)

1.

Previously UTI Bank

4. 5. 6. 7.

Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) Bank Of India Bank Of Baroda Punjab National Bank (PNB)
1. 1.

3850 Branches One of the best payers.

8. Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp(HSBC)

9. Citi Bank 10. Canara Bank