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I. INTRODUCTION
pH control is an indispensible part of water treatment system of many industrial plants like wastewater treatment, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and
chemical processing. pH control of a neutralization process is recognized as a benchmark for modeling and control of highly nonlinear chemical processes. Development of the first-principle based dynamic modeling of pH neutralization process involves material balance on selective ions, equilibrium
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Many different and practical approaches for pH control based on Feedforward and Gain Scheduling techniques have been proposed in the
literature.
Fuzzy logic based intelligent control can be described as a control approach that is used to synthesize linguistic control rules of a skilled operator.
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Armfield multifunctional process control teaching system (PCT40) and its accessories (PCT41 and PCT41)
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dxb V = Fb Cb Fa + Fb xb dt K w = H + OH Na+ + H + = Cl + OH
x = xa xb
x + 2
x2 + Kw 4
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1 s Xa
1 s Xb
1 pH
X^2 1e-14 Kw
pH titration curve
Optimized parameter values for PID control: KC = (y/3) =10; TI = (t) = 30 sec; TD = (t/6) = 5 sec. where y is the peak to peak pH variation between the highest value of the overshoot and the lowest value of the undershoot and t is the time between these two values.
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The input variables used for the fuzzy logic based controllers are
- Error, e(t) = (pHSPpH) - The universe of discourse (UOD) for e(t) : [-4, 4] pH units
- Change in error, ce(t) = [e(t) - e(t-1)] - The UOD for ce(t) : [-0.5, 0.5] pH units
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The output variable represents the change of flow rate of feed A. The change in output, cu(t) = [u(t) - u(t-1)] The UOD for cu(t) : [-0.28, 0.28]*10-5 L/s
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B. Fuzzy logic based controller response for regulatory and servo operations
The flow rate of feed B is subjected to a periodic disturbance of amplitude 1% of the nominal value.
is 0.0094 pH unit.
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VI. CONCLUSION
Based on mean ISE, it is concluded that the proposed fuzzy logic based controller
To improve the performance of the proposed fuzzy logic based controller, neural
network or genetic algorithm based optimization techniques can be used.
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REFERENCES
[1] T.J. McAvoy, E. Hsu, and S. Lowenthals, Dynamics of pH in controlled stirred tank reactor, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Develop., vol. 11, Jan. 1972, pp. 68-70. [2] T.K. Gustafsson and K.V. Waller, Dynamic modeling and reaction invariant control of pH, Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 38, Mar. 1983, pp. 389-398.
[3] R.A. Wright and C. Kravaris, Nonlinear control of pH processes using strong acid equivalent, Ind. Eng. Chem.
Process Des. Develop., vol. 30, Jul. 1991, pp. 1561-1572. [4] J.-P. Corriou, Process Control: Theory and Applications. New Delhi: Springer (India), 2008, pp. 153157. [5] F.G. Shinskey, Process-Control Systems: Application, Design, Adjustment. McGraw-Hill, 1967, pp. 275-282. [6] E.H. Mamdani, Application of fuzzy logic to approximate reasoning using linguistic synthesis, IEEE Trans. Computers, vol. C-26, pp. 1182-1191, Dec. 1977. [7] T. Takagi and M. Sugeno, Fuzzy identification of systems and its applications to modeling and control, IEEE Trans. Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. SMC-15, pp. 116-132, Jan.-Feb. 1985. [8] PCT40 datasheet, Armfield Ltd., Hampshire, England, 2008. [9] Instruments Engineers Handbook: Process Control and Optimization, 4th ed., CRC press, B.G. Liptak, Florida, USA, 2006, pp. 2045-2047. [10] E.H. Mamdani and S. Assilian, An experiment in linguistic synthesis with a fuzzy logic controller, Int. J. ManMachine Studies, vol. 7, pp. 1-13, Jan. 1975. [12] S. Bhanot, Process Control: Principles and Applications. New Delhi: Oxford (India), 2008, pp. 424-427.
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Thank you
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