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Resistor Capacitor Diode Transister
RESISTORS
Resistors are used to limit current or divide voltage and in some cases, generate heat. Used for driving circuit which requires low current and voltage than available. A two terminal non-polarised component.
Contd
Unit of resistance is ohm. Notation for resistance O- for ohm K- for kilo ohm M- for mega ohm
Physical appearance
Practical Use.
To reduce the current flowing in circuit, use resistance in parallel.
CAPACITORS
A two terminal electronic component which stores energy in form of charge. capacitance is a measure of a capacitor's ability to store charge. A large capacitance means that more charge can be stored. Capacitance is measured in Farads(F) but prefixes like F and pF for smaller values.
Types of capacitors
Polarized which have specified positive and negative terminals. Non-polarized no defined polarity for terminals.
Practical use
Used for making timer circuits, when used with resistance. Used in clipper, clamper circuit. Used for providing instantaneous large power as in flashlight of cameras. Used in DC filter circuits.
DIODES
A two-terminal electronic component that conducts electric current in only one direction.
Types of diodes
LED i.e Light Emitting Diodes These diodes emit light when provided with power supply.
Practical use
Used for making gates Used for making rectifiers Used as a switch LED as indicators Photodiodes as light detector
TRANSISTOR
A transistor is a semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals. Device with three terminals where one terminal can be use to control the flow of current through the other two terminals.
Transistor are of two types: 1-> n-p-n A straight switch 2-> p-n-p A inverted switch
When base of n-p-n is connected with logic high voltage then it short circuit emitter and collector (SWITCH ON). When base of n-p-n is connected with logic low voltage then it open circuit both emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF).
Practically used
As a switch As an amplifier For realizing logic gates
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