IEEE 802.

21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN: 21-06-0747-00-0000-Idle-Mode-and-Paging Title: Media Independent Paging Service Date Submitted: November, 2006 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #17 Dallas Authors or Source(s): Muthaih Venkatachalam, Shweta Shrivastava, James Tsai, Emily Qi, Vivek Gupta (Intel Corporation) Abstract: This presentation talks about standard message and primitive requirement in support of Media Independent Paging Service in multi-radio environment.

IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEEs name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEEs sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21. The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as outlined in Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual <http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3> and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html>

Agenda
Motivation
Idle Mode and Paging Paging in multi radio environment Standard Message and Primitive Requirements

Motivation
For a single radio MN, idle Mode and Paging has already been proposed independently in WiMax, 3GPP and WiFi to extend battery standby time In a multi radio environment, the MN may have multiple radios and each radio may be in connected or idle state. There is an opportunity to provide paging service via connected radio and aggregate paging messages across multi radios
Fewer paging messages across network infrastructure Fewer number of active radios on MN

Multi Radio Paging can lead to considerable power saving at the MN and also provide radio/network/device resource optimization at the mobile communication infrastructure

Use Case of Idle Mode & Paging with a single Radio

Paging

Data packets
Paging Controller Paging Paging Paging

Exit Idle Mode Location Update

Enter Idle Mode

Data packets

Idle Mode messages

3GPP- LTE Paging

UE enters IDLE mode when there is no activity. Discontinuous Reception (DRX) UE uses DRX in IDLE mode, i.e. wakes up periodically to check for paging messages. UE learns DRX cycle length upon network entry from the eNodeB. UE is registered at Tracking Area Level.

3GPP-LTE Network Architecture

MME/UPE MME/UPE
UE

3GPP-LTE Paging Protocols

eNBs in TA MME/UPE
User Data Buffer data Check UE state, TA Paging Message Paging Message

EPC S1

X2
eNB

E-UTRAN
eNB

Paging Response Paging Response UP establishment

X2
eNB

Encrypted data

X2

WiMAX Paging

Paging controller (PC) is a logical entity that administers activity of Idle mode MS. It may be co-located with BS or ASN Gateway. A PC may monitor one or more paging groups. Paging Agent (PA) entity, co-located with BS, handles the interaction between PC and paging functionality implemented in BS. Location Register (LR) is a database that contains information about Idle mode MSs.

PC is responsible for sending paging messages and handling location updates.

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WLAN Paging
Idle Mode Operation
STA advertises Paging Capability Discovery Non-AP STA enters Idle Mode AP broadcasts Paging Indications (partial virtual bitmap), and STA wakes up to receive paging indication Non-AP STA exits Idle Mode Paging Group (PG) - a group of APs in which STA can be paged A Mobility Domain comprises one or more Paging Groups A STA must reassociate if it transitions to an AP in a different Paging Group Paging Server Provides Paging Services and Paging key management Serves one or more Paging Groups
Paging group #1
AP AP

Paging Server #1
AP

AP

AP

AP

AP

AP

Paging Server #2
Paging group #3

AP

AP

AP

AP

AP

Paging group #2
AP

Paging Summary in a single radio environment

For each individual Radio,

Key Paging Messages

Paging Capability Discovery Enter/Exit Idle Mode Location Update (sent by MN aka Idle Mode Update)
MS sends location update to the infrastructure

Paging Indication (sent by infrastructure)

MS periodically wakes up to check whether it is being paged or not

Key Concept and Logical Entity

Paging Group Paging Server (or Paging Controller)

Multi Radio Paging and Benefits

In a multi radio environment, the MN may have multiple radios and each radio may be in connected or idle states Multi Radio Paging Benefits All Paging messages via the connected radio
Paging Indication Message sent via the connected radio Location Update via the connected radio

Paging aggregation minimizes message exchange

Paging Indication Message aggregation Location Update aggregation Idle Mode Enter/Exit aggregation

Therefore, what do we need from standards ?

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Proposed Standard Engagements

IEEE 802.21: Standard Message Primitives
Paging capability Primitives Location Update Primitives Enter/Exit Idle Mode (Radio State update) Primitives Paging Indication Primitives

IEEE 802.16, 802.11, LTE (?): MAC layer messages

RAN specific Containers/Transport to carry above messages

IETF/3GPP: IP Layer messages (back end)

Messages between Paging Controllers Between Paging Controller and PoA (BS/AP).

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Call to Action
Form a study group in 802.21 to study Paging service in multi radio environment Investigate requirement for standards based multi radio primitives

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Reference
21-06-0701-00-0000-Media independent idle mode and paging.ppt, by Muthaih Venkatachalam (Intel Corporation)
11-06-0950-04-000v-wlan-paging-and-idle-mode.ppt, by Emily Qi et al

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Backup

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Paging via connected radio

Scenario User is browsing on the WiFi interface User gets a voip call on the WiMAX interface. WiMAX network needs to page the user
MS receiving Paging Announcement Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface BS/AP Paging Announcement Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface

1a

Is your radio in connected mode in MS_a?

Is your radio in connected mode in MS_a?

1b

Yes! r_k is in connected mode in MS_a

Inter PC co-ordination

Paging announce on r_k to turn on r_i

MSG #1, #2, #3, #4, and #5: IETF

Paging announce on r_k to turn on r_i

MS_a

BS/AP of radio r_k

PC of radio r_k

PC of radio r_i

PC of r_j

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Location Update via connected radio

User has WiFi connection that is currently active and WiMAX connection that is idle. Instead of contending on the WiMAX airlink, MS uses the WiFi radio to perform location update for its WiMAX radio
MS Location Update Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information

BS/AP Location Update Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information

LU for r_k

(sent on radio r_i)

LU for r_k

(sent on radio r_i)

LU for r_k

(sent on radio r_i)

LU_RSP for MS

All MSGs: IETF

LU_RSP for MS

LU_RSP for MS (sent on r_i) BS/AP of radio r_i PC of radio r_i PC of radio r_k

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Aggregated Location Update

If the PGs are overlapping, perform a single LU operation for multiple radios. Minimizes messaging and processing at the MS
Extended Location Update Message for Multi radio: IEEE 802.16, 802.11

LU for r_i,j,k (sent on radio r_i)

LU for r_i,j,k (sent on radio r_i) LU for r_k (sent on radio r_i)

MSGs: IETF

LU for r_j (sent on radio r_i)

LU_RSP for MS

LU_RSP for MS LU_RSP for MS LU_RSP for MS (sent on r_i) BS/AP of radio r_i PC of radio r_i PC of radio r_j PC of radio r_k

MS

MS Location Update Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information

BS/AP Location Update Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information 17

Paging-aggregation
Page on a single idle radio to wake up multiple idle radios.

BS/AP Paging Announcement Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface

MS receiving Paging Announcement Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface

Paging on r_i (meant for radios r_i,j,k)

Extended Paging Announcement Message for Multi radio: IEEE 802.16, 802.11
MS

Paging on r_i (meant for radios r_i,j,k)

IM exit for r_i,j,k

BS/AP of radio r_i

PC of radio r_i

BS/PC of radio r_j

BS/PC of radio r_k

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 Idle mode Entry/Exit

Scenario: Multiple radios are switched to idle mode

For example: when the user takes a break, his WiMAX, WiFi and 3G connections may go into idle mode

Extended Idle Mode Request/Response messages for Multi radio: IEEE 802.16, 802.11
1 IM_entry for r_i, r_j, r_k (sent on radio r_i) 2

IM Entry/Exit for radios i, j , k happens on radio-i.

IM_entry for MS on r_i, r_j, r_k (sent on radio r_i)

IM_entry for MS

IM_entry for MS

MSGs: IETF (IP Paging?)

IM_entry_RSP for MS (paging parameters for r_j)

6 IM_entry_RSP for MS (contains paging params for r_k) IM_entry_RSP for MS (paging params for r_i,j,k)

IM_entry_RSP for MS(paging params for r_i,j,k)

BS/AP of radio r_i PC of radio r_i PC of radio r_j PC of radio r_k

MS

MS Enter/Exit Idle Mode Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information

BS/AP Enter/Exit Idle Mode Request/Response Primitives: IEEE 802.21 Possible Contents: Paging and Paging Media/Radio Interface, Location Information 19