science chap 3 : excretion

What is Excretion? (contd)

The most important waste products are _____________________________________ _______________ produced during cellular respiration (in addition to ____________) Nitrogen compounds (________________ _____________________) produced by the breakdown of ______________(____________digestion) ___________ produced by _____________

eliminate

through

through

Lungs

Kidney

Skin

Excretory System
Excretion is a process of _____________________ that are of ___________or in ___________from body. Human excretory organs are SKIN, LUNGS and KIDNEYS. If excretory products like urea, carbon dioxide, excess mineral salts and excess water are allowed to _____________in the body, it will become _____________ (_____________) and endanger _________________.

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method SWEATING 1)The sweat glands __________excretory product from __________________ around it.
2)Sweat is eliminated from the ________________through _______________ to the surface of the skin. Excretory Products

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method RESPIRATION 1)_______________in the blood capillaries diffuses into the _______________and is eliminated from the ___________when ____________. 2)Water is eliminated from the lungs in the form of ______________ Excretory Products

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method URINATION. 1)Excretory products are carried by the __________to the ___________and then eliminated as ______________.
**Kidney eliminated many substances in ____________ _______________________. Excretory Products

Removing Nitrogenous Waste Products

(3) Uric Acid Not very toxic because _____________ Evolved as an adaptation of land animals Many organisms try to ______________& excrete their Nitrogen waste as a ____________! (little loss of water is involved) Examples: ____________ _________________________

The Mystery behind Bird Poop

Unlike mammals, birds ___________________. Their kidneys extract nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream, and excrete it in the form of ___________. Uric acid has a very __________________in water, so it emerges as a _________________.

URINARY SYSTEM

1) The ____________is part of excretory system. 2)The uninary system cosists of : a)a pair of ______________ b)a _______________ c)a pair of ______________ _____________ 3) The blood carried by the _______________to the kidney is _______________and excretory produc are the eliminated from the ____________as _________.

HUMAN KIDNEYS

1) The kidneys are situated to the left and right ____________of the ______________________ 2)Human kidneys are ___________in colour and is _______________ 3)The outer part which is dark red in colour named ___________ 4)The inner part which is light red in colour named ______________

5)The ______________is the part where The ureter begin.

HUMAN KIDNEYS
ORGANS FUNCTION Ureter Urinary Bladder

Urethra
Renal Artery Renal Vein

HUMAN KIDNEYS
Functions of kidneys :
a)eliminating ______________and the _______ ________________ in the body b)__________________the amount of _____________and _________________in the body. c)regulating the blood ________________. d)helping to removes __________________ substances like __________and ________________ from the body

The importance of maintaining a healthy kidney Under normal conditions, substances like ________ ___________ and ________________are not found in the urine. If ________________is found in the urine, it is most likely the person has ___________________. If kidneys do not function ________________, toxic substances in the blood will ______________and this will lead to ____________________. The kidney will function properly if we : a)drink a lot of ______________________. b)avoid drinking ________________. c)reduce drinking __________________drinks. d)reduce eating food with _________________________

What kinds of animals have the most efficient kidneys?

__________animals must be able to conserve moisture Most terrestrial animals must drink ______________often; however the ___________ ______ does not need to drink water very often its kidneys absorb every little ___________of water

Kidney Failure
If renal failure occurs, people must get their blood filtered through _______________.

Gout
Is a disease where the human body accumulates ____________ in the joints. _________________, ______________ and ______________failure lead to this problem.

PLANT EXCRETION
eliminate

through

through

through

excretion in plants
Plants do not have a _____________excretory system. Respiration in plants eliminates _______________ and ______________________ Photosynthesis eliminates excess _____________from plants. Complex excretory products gather on ___________ ___________________________________________ etc. to be _______________or ________________. Some excretory products of plants are __________________while some are ________________to humans. Some beneficial excretory products of the plants can endanger human health if __________________.

Beneficial Excretory Products Of Plants And Their Uses EXCRETORY

PRODUCT Latex Resin Gum Acid (tannic acids or tannin) Quinine Oil SOURCE USE

science chap 3 : excretion

What is Excretion? (contd)

The most important waste products are CO2, nitrogen compounds, and salts. CO2 produced during cellular respiration (in addition to water) Nitrogen compounds (ammonia, urea, and uric acid) produced by the breakdown of amino acids (protein digestion) Salts produced by metabolism

Human excretion

eliminate Carbon dioxide and water through Lungs Water, Urea and mineral salts

through

Kidney

Skin

* Cortex *Medulla *Pelvis

Urinary bladder

*Sweat gland *Sweat pores

Excretory System
Excretion is a process of removing substances that are of no use or in excess from body. Human excretory organs are SKIN, LUNGS and KIDNEYS. If excretory products like urea, carbon dioxide, excess mineral salts and excess water are allowed to accumulate in the body, it will become poisonous (toxic) and endanger health.

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method SWEATING 1)The sweat glands absorbs excretory product from blood capillaries around it. 2)Sweat is eliminated from the sweat gland through sweat pores to the surface of the skin. Excretory Products Water + Mineral Salts + Urea Sweat

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method RESPIRATION 1)Carbon dioxide in the blood capillaries diffuses into the alveolus and is eliminated from the lungs when exhaling.

2)Water is eliminated from the lungs in the form of water vapour.

Excretory Products Water and Carbon dioxide

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method URINATION. 1)Excretory products are carried by the blood to the kidney and then eliminated as urine.
**Kidney eliminated many substances in large quantities.

Excretory Products

Water, Urea and excess Mineral Salts.

Why do we need to excrete Ammonia?

All organisms produce ammonia as they metabolize nutrients (protein digestion)

Ammonia is a nitrogenous waste that is toxic and must be removed from the body How an organism removes ammonia depends upon where it lives

Removing Nitrogenous Waste Products

(1) Ammonia (NH3):

-Requires little energy

-Ammonia is highly toxic! -This form of waste can only be used if the organism lives in an aquatic environment -Example: Paramecium,, some ocean fish
.

Removing Nitrogenous Waste Products

(2) Urea: - Many land animals and some bony fish (amphibians, mammals) dilute the toxic ammonia with water. - This substance is called Urea & is filtered out by the kidneys. - The problem is they do lose water in the process! - Requires Energy

Removing Nitrogenous Waste Products

(3) Uric Acid Not very toxic because insoluble Evolved as an adaptation of land animals Many organisms try to conserve water & excrete their Nitrogen waste as a solid! (little loss of water is involved) Examples: insects, reptiles, birds

The Mystery behind Bird Poop

Unlike mammals, birds do not urinate. Their kidneys extract nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream, and excrete it in the form of uric acid. Uric acid has a very low solubility in water, so it emerges as a white paste.

URINARY SYSTEM
1) The urinarry system is part of excretory system. 2)The uninary system cosists of : a)a pair of kidneys b)a urinary bladder c)a pair of ureters d)urethra 3) The blood carried by the renal artery to the kidney is filtered and excretory products are the eliminated from the blood as urine.

HUMAN KIDNEYS
1) The kidneys are situated to the left and right back section of the abdominal cavity. 2)Human kidneys are dark red in colour and is bean-shaped. 3)The outer part which is dark red in colour named cortex

4)The inner part which is light red in colour named medulla

5)The pelvis is the part where the ureter begin.

HUMAN KIDNEYS
ORGANS FUNCTION Ureter Channels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Urinary Bladder
Urethra

Stores urine

Channels urine from the urinary bladder out of the body

Transports oxygenated blood to the kidneys

Renal Artery Renal Vein

Transports deoxygenated blood away from the kidneys

HUMAN KIDNEYS
Functions of kidneys : a)eliminating excess water and the mineral salts in the body b)regulating the amount of water and mineral salts in the body. c)regulating the blood concentration. d)helping to removes nitrogenous substances like urea and uric acid from the body

The importance of maintaining a healthy kidney

Under normal conditions, substances like protein(amino acids) and glucose are not found in the urine.If glucose is found in the urine, it is most likely the person has diabetes. If kidneys do not function properly, toxic substances in the blood will accumulate and this will lead to death. The kidney will function properly if we : a)drink a lot of clean water. b)avoid drinking alcohol. c)reduce drinking gassy drinks. d)reduce eating food with high sugar content

What kinds of animals have the most efficient kidneys?

Desert animals must be able to conserve moisture Most terrestrial animals must drink fresh water often; however the kangaroo rat does not need to drink water very often its kidneys absorb every little drop of water

Kidney Failure
If renal failure occurs, people must get their blood filtered through Dialysis.

Gout
Is a disease where the human body accumulates Uric acid in the joints. Heredity, alcohol & kidney failure lead to this problem.

PLANT EXCRETION
eliminate

Carbon dioxide, oxygen and water

Water, urea and mineral salts

Quinine and tannin

through
Leaf Stomata

through
Tree Stem

through
Bark

excretion in plants
Plants do not have a specific excretory system. Respiration in plants eliminates carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis eliminates excess water nfrom plants. Complex excretory products gather on LEAVES, FLOWERS, BARK, STEMS, FRUIT etc. to be dropped or eliminated. Some excretory products of plants are beneficial while some are dangerous to humans. Some beneficial excretory products of the plants can endanger human health if misused.

Beneficial Excretory Products Of Plants And Their Uses EXCRETORY

PRODUCT
Latex Resin Gum Acid (tannic acids or tannin) Quinine Oil

SOURCE
Rubber tree Certain tree stems like the casuarina tree Certain tree stems like the acacia tree Bark of plants like the tea, coffee and mangrove tree Bark of cinchona tree Flowers or leaves of certain trees

USE
To make vehicle tyres To make varnish and gum To make cough madicine

To make ink To make to treat malaria To make perfume and ointment for insect bites