Random Sampling Each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Systematic Sampling The sample size of the population is estimated and from this, a list of the population members is obtained and from the list, the nth member is selected.
Types of Sampling Methods

Stratified Sampling The stratum, a segment of the population who share a common characteristic, is identified by the researcher. This method is used when members of one stratum in a population are fewer compared to other stratums. Examples of stratums are teachers and students, clerical personnel, males and females. Convenience Sampling The sample is selected, as the term applies, by convenience. Because it requires less time, this method is best used in preliminary research.
Types of Sampling Methods

Recitation: What do you know about a Research Questionnaire?

The instrument you distribute to members of the population you survey. The series of questions it contains should elicit the information that will help you answer your research questions.
Designing a Questionnaire

 Before you list the questions to include in the questionnaire, determine first what your PURPOSE is for doing the survey. The survey can be an effective research tool if the purpose for doing it is CLOSELY ALIGNED with the overall RESEARCH OBJECTIVES.

It would be such a waste of resources if the survey results will not have any significant contribution to your study.
Designing a Questionnaire

MINIMUM REQUIRED NUMBER OF COMPLETED SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRES FOR YOUR RESEARCH

100 respondents for group of 3 or more 50 respondents for pair work 30 respondents for individuals
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE In the following example, determine whether the questions or details asked are appropriate in the survey. RESPONDENT INFORMATION
Student Number Course Year Age GPA last term Favorite Hollywood actor
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

HOW LONG have you been playing DOTA? [ ] less than 3 months [ ] 3-6 months [ ] 7-9 months [ ] 10-12 months [ ] more than a year [ ] more than 10 years
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

WHERE do you usually play DOTA? [ ] at computer shops near the school [ ] at computer shops near my house [ ] at home How OFTEN do you play in a WEEK? [ ] 1-2 days [ ] 3-4 days [ ] 5-7 days [ ] all the days of my life
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE How many HOURS do you play in a day? [ ] 1-2 hours [ ] 3-4 hours [ ] 5-7 hours [ ] 24-7
How much is your ALLOWANCE per week? __________ How much do you SPEND playing games per week? __________
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Why do you play DOTA? Check all applicable answers. [ ] for fun / leisure / relaxation / past-time activity [ ] It increases my alertness. [ ] because everybody does it [ ] peer pressure [ ] I prefer to play than to write my research paper. [ ] I like the 3D computer games. [ ] Because my friends play [ ] Acceptance or sense of belongingness in a crowd [ ] Fantasy fulfillment and role playing [ ] Others, please specify. ____________________
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

How fulfilled or satisfied are you after playing a game? [ ] satisfied [ ] NOT satisfied Do you have any dreams of developing your own network game in the future? Do you think network gaming should be banned near schools? Have there been instances when you wanted to quit playing but it seemed you couldnt stop?
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE Do you attend classes REGULARLY? [ ] Always [ ] Often [ ] Seldom [ ] Never If and when you do, do you attend classes promptly or do you come to class late?
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Have you already incurred more than 6 absences in any of your subjects? [ ] Yes [ ] No
If yes, why? [ ] doesnt like the subject [ ] not comfortable with the time schedule (too early or too late) [ ] accumulated lates [ ] cut classes to do homeworks [ ] cut classes to play DOTA [ ] Others, please specify. _____________________
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Do you take down NOTES in class? [ ] Always [ ] Often [ ] Seldom [ ] Never

If you do take down notes, do you REVIEW your notes at home? [ ] Always [ ] Often [ ] Seldom [ ] Never
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE How much TIME do you allot for STUDYING in a day? [ ] 1-2 hours [ ] 3-4 hours [ ] 5-7 hours [ ] more than 7 hours [ ] I study even when Im asleep [ ] All the days of my life If none, why? ____________________
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Do you SELF-STUDY by reading books and other references suggested for the course? [ ] Always [ ] Often [ ] Seldom [ ] Never [ ] Never, ever I swear Do you submit assignments, quizzes, and projects ON TIME? [ ] Never [ ] Never, ever I swear
Designing a Questionnaire

NETWORK GAMING ADDICTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Are you able to obtain a PASSING GRADE of 75% in your major exams? [ ] Always [ ] Thank God, often [ ] Seldom [ ] Unfortunately, never Do you have a weekly TIME MANAGEMENT SCHEDULE which you follow strictly? __________ In case you are NOT a DOTA gamer, do you think it will drastically improve your academic performance? ___________
Designing a Questionnaire

TIPS ON WRITING A RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE

Provide clear instructions on how to complete the questionnaire.

Start with interesting questions. The respondents will be encouraged and more likely to complete the questionnaire if it is deserving of their attention. Ask clear questions. Use simple words in asking questions so they can easily be understood.
How to Write a Research Questionnaire

TIPS ON WRITING A RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE

Ask close-ended questions. These questions give respondents limited response options. They can be bipolar, multiple choice, rating scale or fill-in-the-blank types. Because close ended questions provide for specific responses, they are easier to tabulate.

Ask only one question at a time. Questions that ask for more than one piece of information can be confusing. For example, if the question is: in choosing a laundry detergent, do you prefer one that is cheap and easily available? It will be hard to decide whether the answer refers to cheap or easily available or both.
How to Write a Research Questionnaire

TIPS ON WRITING A RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE Group questions in a logical order. If your questions jump form one topic to another, it may confuse the respondent. Make sure the previous question is reasonably linked to the next. Ask the important questions in the first half of the questionnaire. There is no assurance that respondents will answer all the questions completely. Even if you get back a partially filled questionnaire, if you put in the important questions first, there is a better chance that these would be answered.
How to Write a Research Questionnaire

TIPS ON WRITING A RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE

Keep your questionnaire short. Questionnaires that take too long to answer may be less likely to be completed. Provide a cover letter to accompany to your questionnaire.
How to Write a Research Questionnaire

An Example of a cover letter

March 11, 2010 We are currently conducting a study on Network Gaming Addiction and its Effects on Academic Performance in completion of the course ENGL 303. We chose this subject matter to validate the general perception that too much time spent on playing the local network game Defense of the Ancients (DOTA) causes the absences and failing grades of the students of FEU-East Asia College. Although network gaming is said to develop strategic mental ability, it seemingly affects the academic performance of students in a negative way.
What a Cover Letter is all About

An Example of a cover letter

continuation. Please answer the following survey questions honestly and completely. The truthfulness of your answers in this survey is highly appreciated and will materially affect the accuracy of this research. With your participation, we hope to better understand the relationship between addiction to network gaming and academic performance. We also hope that the results of this survey will be useful not only for the purpose of this research paper, but also for other students engaging in similar researches.
What a Cover Letter is all About

An Example of a cover letter

continuation. Rest assured that the information we have gathered from this survey will be handled with complete confidentiality. Sincerely yours,

John Reyes and Edison Santos The Researchers

What a Cover Letter is all About

An Example of a cover letter

March 11, 2010 We are currently conducting a study on Network Gaming Addiction and its Effects on Academic Performance in completion of the course ENGL 303. We chose this subject matter to validate the general perception that too much time spent on playing the local network game Defense of the Ancients (DOTA) causes the absences and failing grades of the students of FEU-East Asia College. Although network gamin is said to develop strategic mental ability, it seemingly affects the academic performance of students in a negative way. Please answer the following survey questions honestly and completely. The truthfulness of your answers in this survey is highly appreciated and will materially affect the accuracy of this research. With your participation, we hope to better understand the relationship between addiction to network gaming and academic performance. We also hope that the results of this survey will be useful not only for the purpose of this research paper, but also for other students engaging in similar researches. Rest assured that the information we have gathered from this survey will be handled with complete confidentiality. Sincerely yours, John Reyes and Edison Santos The Researchers

What a Cover Letter is all About

So now, lets review. Why should you write a cover letter?

The cover letter is an indispensable part of the questionnaire where you can provide the respondent the motivation to complete it. The cover letter is where you can persuade the respondent to take part in the survey.
What a Cover Letter is all About

WHAT DO YOU INCLUDE IN YOUR COVER LETTER? What is the purpose of the study? Whats in it for them? Include an incentive showing how their participation will do them good. If you think they will be interested in the results, offer to give a summary when the study is done.
How to Write a Research Questionnaire

WHAT DO YOU INCLUDE IN YOUR COVER LETTER?

What will be done with the results?

What is your confidentiality policy? Who can they contact if they have questions?

Close by expressing your thanks for their participation.

How to Write a Research Questionnaire

Lets review the Parts of a Research Survey Questionnaire

What do you know about the following?

Cover Letter Respondent Information (Data to be extracted from the respondent)

How to Write a Research Questionnaire

Presentation of Survey Questions in Class

Discuss with the class each of the questions you have included in your survey questionnaire. Be ready to justify why you have included such questions in your survey. Tell the class what you can still improve in your survey questionnaire.
How to Write a Research Questionnaire

Next Session: Presentation of a REVISED Survey Questionnaire

If needed, REVISE the survey questionnaire you submitted today. Choose 4 other students to compose one group with 5 members each. Each member shall bring a soft copy of the survey questionnaire next session. During the class, we will have draw lots to determine whose survey form will be projected for the purpose of class critiquing. The grade of one member shall be the grade for the group.
How to Write a Research Questionnaire