3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H.

Rashid 1
EEL 4242
POWER ELECTRONICS
RECTIFICADORES CON DIODOS
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 2
Rectificadores Monofsicos de
Media Onda
( )
0
( )
2 2
( )
0
( )
1
sin
2
1
sin
2 2
2
m
o dc m
m
o dc
m
o rms m
m
o rms
V
V V d
V
I
R
V
V V d
V
I
R
t
t
u u
t t
t
u u
t
= =
=
= =
=
}
}
Figure 3.1
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 3
Formsa de Onda de Entrada
2 2
2
2
1 1
dc dc dc ac rms rms
dc
ac rms dc
ac
rms ac
dc dc
rms
dc
P V I P V I
P
V V V
P
V V
FF RF
V V
V
RF FF
V
q
= =
= = +
= =
| |
= =
|
\ .
Figure 3.2
2
2 2
1
2
1 1
1 1
( )
cos
1
cos cos
dc
s s
s s s
s s
s S S
s S S
S peak
S
P
TUF DF
V I
I I I
HF
I I
V I I
PF
V I I
I
CF
I
|
| |
= =
| |
= =
|
\ .
= =
=
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 4
Rectificador de M.O. Con Carga RL
Figure 3.3
( )
( )
( )
0
( )
1
sin
2
1 cos
2
1 cos
2
o dc m
m
m
o dc
V V d
V
V
I
R
t o
u u
t
t o
t
t o
t
+
=
= + (

= + (

}
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 5
Rectificador O.C. (Tap-central)
Figure 3.5
( )
0
( )
2 2
( )
0
( )
2 2
sin
2
2
2
sin
2
2
2
m
o dc m
m
o dc
m
o rms m
m
o rms
V
V V d
V
I
R
V
V V d
V
I
R
t
t
u u
t t
t
u u
t
= =
=
= =
=
}
}
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 6
Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier
Figure 3.6
( )
0
( )
2 2
( )
0
( )
2 2
sin
2
2
2
sin
2
2
2
m
o dc m
m
o dc
m
o rms m
m
o rms
V
V V d
V
I
R
V
V V d
V
I
R
t
t
u u
t t
t
u u
t
= =
=
= =
=
}
}
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Bridge Rectifier (motor load)
Figure 3.7
1
4 sin sin3 sin5
( ) ....
1 3 5
4
0.90
2
a
s
a
s a
I t t t
i t
I
I I
e e e
t
t
| |
= + + +
|
\ .
= =
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 8
Bridge Rectifier (RL load)
Figure 3.8
2 sin 0
o
o s o
di
L Ri E V t for i
dt
e + + = >
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 9
Bridge Rectifier (RL load)
( )
( )
( / )
1
2
2 1
2 sin 0
2
sin
tan ( / )
o
o s o
R L t
o
di
L Ri E V t for i
dt
V E
i t Ae
Z R
Z R L L R
e
e u
e u e

+ + = >
= +
= + =
Case 1: Continuous conduction, I
o
>0
Case 2: Discontinuous conduction, Io =0
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Bridge Rectifier (RL load)
( )
( )
( / )
( / )( / )
0
2 2
sin
1
0 0
R L t
o
R L
V E
i t e
Z e R
for t and i
t e
e u
e u t

(
= +
(

s s >
Case 1: Continuous conduction, I
o
>0
Case 2: Discontinuous conduction, I
o
=0
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( / )( / )
0
1
tan
2 2
sin sin
0
sin , ( ) 0
sin sin 0
cos cos
R L t
o
o
m
V E V E
i t e
Z R Z R
for i
E
At t i t
V
x x
e
o e
o |
u
e u o u
o e | e |
| u o u
u u

(
= +
(

s
= = = =
| |
+ =
|
\ .
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Boundary of continuous and
discontinuous (single-phase)
Figure 3.9
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Multiphase Rectifiers
Figure 3.12
/
2 2
( )
0
2
cos
2 /
1 2
sin
2 2
q
o rms m
m
V V d
q
q
V
q q
t
u u
t
t t
t
=
| |
= +
|
\ .
}
/
( )
0
2
cos
2 /
sin
q
o dc m
m
V V d
q
q
V
q
t
u u
t
t
t
=
=
}
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Three-Phase Bridge Rectifier
Figure 3.13
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Waveforms and Conduction Times
/ 6
( )
0
2
3 cos
2 / 6
3 3
1.654
o dc m
m m
V V d
V V
t
u u
t
t
=
= =
}
Figure 3.14
/
2 2
( )
0
2
3 cos
2 /
3 9 3
1.6554
2 4
q
o rms m
m m
V V d
q
V V
t
u u
t
t
=
= + =
}
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 15
3-Phase Bridge Rectifier (RL Load)
Figure 3.15
2
2 sin
3 3
2 sin 0
ab ab
o
o ab o
v V t for t
di
L Ri E V t for i
dt
t t
e e
e
= s s
+ + = >
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 16
Three-Phase Bridge Rectifier (RL
load)
( )
( )
( / )
1
2
2 1
2 sin 0
2
sin
tan ( / )
o
o ab o
R L t
ab
o
di
L Ri E V t for i
dt
V E
i t Ae
Z R
Z R L L R
e
e u
e u e

+ + = >
= +
= + =
Case 1: Continuous conduction, I
o
>0
Case 2: Discontinuous conduction, Io =0
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 17
Three-Phase Bridge (RL load)
( )
( ) ( )
( / )( / 3 )
( / )( / 3 )
0
sin 2 / 3 sin / 3
2
sin
1
/ 3 2 / 3 0
R L t
ab
o
R L
V E
i t e
Z e R
for t and i
o e
t e
t u t u
e u
t e t

(
= +
(

s s >
Case 1: Continuous conduction, I
o
>0
Case 2: Discontinuous conduction, I
o
=0
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( / )( / 3 )
( / )( / 3 )
( )
2tan
( )
2tan
0 ( .3.47)
sin 2 / 3 sin / 3
2
0
1
sin 2 / 3 sin / 3
( ) cos
2
1
o
R L
ab
R L
ab
Setting I in Eq
e
V E
Z e R
e
E
x
V
e
t e
t e
t
u
t
u
t u t u
t u t u
u u

=
(
=
(

(

(
~ =
(
(

3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 18
Boundary of continuous and
discontinuous (three-phase)
Figure 3.16
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DC Filters
Figure 3.18
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AC Filters
Figure 3.19
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Single-Phase Rectifier with C-Filter
Figure 3.22
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Single-Phase Rectifier with C-
Filter
Figure 3.22
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
4
2 2 4 2
1
2(4 1)
m
o dc m
e
r pp
m
rms ripple
e
rms ripple
o dc
e
V
V V
fRC
V
V
V
fRC
V
RF
V
fRC
=
= =
= =

3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 23

Output Voltage with C-Filter
Figure 3.26
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Effects of Source Inductances
Figure 3.27
1 2 3
1 2 3
2 ( )
6
x dc
dc
V f L L L I
fLI if L L L
= + +
= = =
3/8/2013 EEL 4242 by Dr. M.H. Rashid 25
Summary
What was the major idea?
What was the muddiest idea?
Diode rectifiers convert an ac voltage to a dc
voltage.
The output voltage contain ripples which can
be removed by filters.
Depending on time constant of the load, the
load current may be discontinuous.
Line inductances cause overlap and reduce the
effective dc output voltage.