UNMANNED AIR VEHICLES

BYPIYUSH KUMAR SINGH DUAL (AE+AV)/09/38

 Unmanned

Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are remotely piloted or self-piloted aircraft that can carry cameras, sensors, communications equipment or other payloads. Used since 1950s. Been used in a reconnaissance and intelligence-gathering role . Now a days also been used in wars.

UAV acronym: it has many extensions Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(s) Unmanned Aerospace Vehicle(s) Uninhabited Aircraft Vehicle Unmanned Air Vehicle Unmanned Airborne Vehicle Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle Unmanned Vehicle Upper Atmosphere Vehicle

 All

extensions has only one aerospace variant, Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Industry and the regulators have now adopted UAS rather than UAV as the preferred term for Unmanned Aircraft or Aerial Systems as UAS encompasses all aspects of deploying these aircraft and not just the platform itself.

 The

vehicle or platform itself Its payload, and Its Ground Control System or Station The airframe The propulsion system The flight control computer system The precision navigation system Sense & Avoid System

Target and decoy - providing ground and aerial gunnery a target that simulates an enemy aircraft or missile Reconnaissance - providing battlefield intelligence Combat - providing attack capability for highrisk missions (see Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle) Research and development - used to further develop UAV technologies to be integrated into field deployed UAV aircraft Civil and Commercial UAVs - UAVs specifically designed for civil and commercial applications.

Sensor fusion: Combining information from different sensors for use on board the vehicle Communications: Handling communication and coordination between multiple agents in the presence of incomplete and imperfect information Motion planning (also called Path planning): Determining an optimal path for vehicle to go while meeting certain objectives and constraints, such as obstacles Trajectory Generation: Determining an optimal control maneuver to take to follow a given path or to go from one location to another Task Allocation and Scheduling: Determining the optimal distribution of tasks amongst a group of agents, with time and equipment constraints Cooperative Tactics: Formulating an optimal sequence and spatial distribution of activities between agents in order to maximize chance of success in any given mission scenario

India's state-owned Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is planning to set up the country's first dedicated facility for testing unmanned air vehicle (UAV) technologies near Chitradurga in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. The DRDO has to date developed two UAVs Nishant and Lakshya - both of which have entered production. Lakshya, an aerial target system, is being used for DRDO missile tests. The Nishant, meanwhile, can fly continuously for up to six hours and photograph potential targets, including at night.

India is reportedly developing a new generation of UAVs designed to deploy laser target designators deep inside enemy territory. the Indian Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment (CVRDE) is designing a number of unmanned infantry combat vehicles.

Tactical UAVs (TUAVs) will evolve towards multi-role multi-mission platforms. The tactical UAV mission set could be expanded to include target designation, strike, chemical/biological agents detection, mine countermeasures, Theatre Missile Defense, electronic warfare and information warfare

They are less detectable, cheap to produce, truly expendable Integrated Micro-Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) reducing payload sizes to that of the average silicon chip. Current research foci include flapping wing airframes, microscopic jet engines and molecule-size avionics.

 VTOL

UAVs- Vertical Take-Off Landing (VTOL)

UAVs Especially used for operations where space is limited - such as surface vessels and urban warfare.

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Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (UCAV) is unfettered by a pilot's physiological constraints. It can pull manoeuvres beyond 10g Real-time multi-tasking. Optimized to undertake high-risk missions such as Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses (SEAD).

 Pioneer:

provide imagery intelligence and ranges out to 185 kilometers. Tactical UAV : support tactical commanders with near-real-time imagery intelligence at ranges up to 200 kilometers. Joint Tactical UAV (Hunter): provide ground and maritime forces with near-real-time imagery intelligence at ranges up to 200 kilometers; extensible to 300+ kilometers by using another Hunter UAV.