PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

THIRD EDITION Cindy L. Stanfield | William J. Germann

12
Muscle Physiology
Part C

PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by W.H. Preston, College of the Sequoias

Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Contraction Speed

Figure 12.23
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Oxidative and Glycolytic Fibers

Figure 12.24
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Muscle Fatigue

Figure 12.25
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Muscle Attachments

Figure 12.26
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Antagonistic Muscles

Figure 12.27
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Muscle Spindle

Figure 12.28
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Muscle Spindle Responses

Figure 12.29
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Alpha / Gamma Coactiviation

Figure 12.30
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Golgi Tendon Organs

Figure 12.31
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Muscle Tissue Types

Figure 12.32
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Properties of Smooth Muscle

One nucleus

Tropomyosin
No troponin Dense bodies analogous to Z line Slow myosin ATPase Myosin has light chains

Little sarcoplasmic reticulum

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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Smooth Muscle Cell

Figure 12.33
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Ca2+

Endoplasmic reticulum
Ca2+ Ca2+ Calmodulin

Ca-calmodulin MLCK

Unphosphorylated myosin light chain

Phosphorylated myosin light chain

No myosin ATPase activity

Myosin ATPase active

No crossbridge activity

Crossbridge cycling

Smooth muscle cell

Contraction

Figure 12.34

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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Single-Unit Muscle

Figure 12.35b
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Properties of Single-Unit Smooth Muscle

Gap junctions Graded Contractions

Pacemaker cells with spontaneous depolarizations Innervation to few cells

Tone = level of contraction without stimulation Increases/decreases in tension
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No recruitment
Vary intracellular calcium

Stretch Reflex
Relaxation in response to sudden or prolonged stretch

2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Multi-Unit Muscle

Figure 12.35a
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Multi vs. Single-Unit Muscle

Figure 12.35
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Spontaneous Depolarizations

Figure 12.36
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Cardiac Muscle

Figure 12.37
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Muscle Comparisons

Table 12.2
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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.