MiddlE East

Presented To: Dr.
D R Dave
Presented By: Hardip Mori (11M59) Prashant Vaghani (11M75)
MIDDLE EAST ASIA
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
Major cities
Geography Demography
LOCAL NAME OF SAUDI ARABIA Al Mamlakah al Arabiyah as Saudiyah RIYADH (capital) 4.725 million Jeddah 3.234 million Mecca 1.484 million Medina 1.104 million Ad Dammam 9,02,000
Economy
Transportation Political
Saudi Arabia
Major cities
Geography Demography Economy Transportation Political
Area Total: 21,49,690 sq km Land: 21,49,690 sq km Water: 0 sq km Border Total 4431 km Iraq 814 km, Jordan 744 km, Kuwait 222 km, Oman 676 km, Qatar 60 km, UAE 457 km, Yemen 1,458 km Natural Resources - Petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, copper Time zone: GMT +3:00
Saudi Arabia
Major cities
Age structure 0-14 years: 28.8% 15-64 years: 68.2% 65 years and over: 3% Life expectancy at birth: Male: 72.37 years Female: 76.42 years Official religion: Muslim 100%
Ethnic group - Arab 90%, Afro-Asian 10%
Cntd
Saudi Arabia
Languages: Arabic (official)
Major cities
Literacy Definition: age 15 and over can read and write Male: 90.4% Female: 81.3% Education expenditures: 5.6% of GDP Health expenditures: 5% of GDP
Saudi Arabia
Exports $364.7 billion Export-commodities - petroleum and petroleum products 90%
Major cities
Export Partners - Japan 13.9%, China 13.6%, US 13.4%, South Korea 10.2%, India 7.8%, Singapore 4.8%
Imports - $120 billion

Import commodities - machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, motor vehicles, textiles Import Partners - China 12.8%, US 11.9%, Germany 7.1%, South Korea 6%, Japan 5.6%, India 4.9%, Italy 4.1%
Cntd
Saudi Arabia
Exchange Rate - Saudi riyals (SAR) per US dollar - 3.75
Major cities
Fiscal Year Calendar Year
Unemployment Rate - 10.9% Inflation Rate - 5% Industries - crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic petrochemicals, ammonia, industrial gases, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), cement, fertilizer, plastics, metals, commercial ship repair, commercial aircraft repair, construction
Saudi Arabia
Airports 216
Major cities
Heliports 10 Pipelines - Condensate 212 km; gas 2,846 km; liquid petroleum gas 1,183 km; oil 4,232 km; refined products 1,151 km Railways 1378 km
Economy Transportation Political
Roadways 2,21,372 km
Saudi Arabia
The politics of Saudi Arabia takes place in the context of an absolute monarchy founded upon the tenets of Islam.
Major cities
The King of Saudi Arabia (ABDALLAH bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud) is both head of state and the head of government, but decisions are, to a large extent, made on the basis of consultation among the senior princes of the royal family and the religious establishment. The Qur'an is declared to be the constitution of the country, which is governed on the basis of Islamic law (Shari'a). Cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch every four years and includes many royal family members
Iran
Iran
Major cities
Local name of IRAN - Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran

Major cities population TEHRAN (capital) 7.19 million Mashhad 2.592 million Esfahan 1.704 million Karaj 1.531 million Tabriz 1.459 million
Iran
Major cities
Area: Total: 16,48,195 sq km Land: 15,31,595 sq km Water: 116,600 sq km Border - Total: 5,440 km Border Countries: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35 km, Azerbaijan-proper 432 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave 179 km, Iraq 1,458 km, Pakistan 909 km, Turkey 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km Coastline: 2440 Km on Persian gulf and gulf of Oman, and 740Km on the Caspian sea Natural resources: Petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur
Iran
Major cities
Age structure 0-14 years: 23.9% 15-64 years: 71.1% 65 years and over: 5.1% Life expectancy: Male: 68.84 years Female: 71.93 years Natural hazards: Periodic droughts, floods, dust storms, sandstorms, earthquakes Environment - Current Issues: Air pollution Oil pollution Water pollution
Cntd
Iran
Major cities
Ethnic groups Arab 75%-80%, Kurdish 15%-20%, Turkoman, Assyrian, or other 5% Official religion: Shiya Islam Religions Muslim (official) 97% (Shia 60%-65%, Sunni 32%-37%), Zoroastrian, Jewish or Christian or other 3% Languages Persian (official) 53%, Azeri Turkic and Turkic dialects 18%, Kurdish 10%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 7%, Luri 6%, Balochi 2%, Arabic 2%, other 2%
Cntd
Iran
Major cities
Literacy Male: 83.5% Female: 70.4% Education expenditures: 4.7% of GDP Health expenditures: 3.9% of GDP Independence 1 April 1979
Iran
Tehran host 45% of Iran's industries. Exports: $109.5 billion Export commodities petroleum 80%, chemical and petrochemical products, fruits and nuts, carpets Export Partners - China 21.4%, Japan 9.1%, Turkey 8.8%, India 8.1%, South Korea 8%, Italy 5.3% Imports: $ 74.41 billion Import commodities - industrial supplies, capital goods, foodstuffs and other consumer goods, technical services
Major cities
Import Partners - UAE 30.9%, China 17.4%, South Korea 7.1%, Germany 4.8%, Turkey 4.2%
Cntd
Iran
Exchange Rate: Iranian rials (IRR) per US dollar 10,616.3
Major cities
Fiscal Year: 21st March - 20th March Unemployment Rate 15.3% Inflation Rate 20.6% GDP real growth rate 2% Industries - petroleum, petrochemicals, fertilizers, caustic soda, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production), ferrous and non-ferrous metal fabrication, armaments
Iran
Airports 324
Major cities
Geography Demography Economy
Heliports 21 Pipelines - Condensate 7 km; condensate/gas 12 km; gas 20,155 km; liquid petroleum gas 570 km; oil 7,123 km; refined products 7,937 km Railways Total 8,442 kms Roadways 1,72,927 kms
Water ways - 850 km (on Karun River; some navigation on Lake Urmia)
Iran
Major cities
Government type - theocratic republic (the civil leader is believed to have a direct personal connection with God. For example, a prophet like Moses led the Israelites, and the prophet Muhammad ruled the early Muslims.) Chief of state: Supreme Leader Ali HoseiniKHAMENEI (since 4 June 1989) Head of government: AHMADI-NEJAD President Mahmud
Election - Supreme leader appointed for life by the Assembly of Experts; president elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term and additional non-consecutive term)
Iraq
Iraq
Major cities
Local long form: Jumhuriyat al-Iraq/Komar-i Eraq Major cities population BAGHDAD (capital) 5.751 million Mosul 1.447 million Erbil 1.009 million Basra 923,000 Sulaymaniyah 836,000
Iraq
Area:
Major cities
Total: 4,38,317 sq km Land: 4,37,367 sq km Water: 950 sq km
Border: Iran 1,458 km, Jordan 181 km, Kuwait 240 km, Saudi Arabia 814 km, Syria 605 km, Turkey 352 km Coast line: 58 kilometers on Persian gulf Climate: Mostly desert climate
Natural resources: phosphates, sulfur
Petroleum,
natural
gas,
Iraq
Age structure
Major cities
0-14 years: 37.6% 15-64 years: 59.3% 65 years and over: 3.1%
Life expectancy at birth

Male: 69.41 years Female: 72.35 years
Ethnic groups
Arab 75%-80%, Kurdish 15%-20%, Turkoman, Assyrian, or other 5%
Cntd
Iraq
Major cities
Religions Muslim (official) 97% (Shia 60%-65%, Sunni 35%-40%), Christian or other 3% Languages Arabic (official), Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Turkoman (a Turkish dialect), Assyrian (Neo-Aramaic), Armenian Literacy Male: 86% Female: 70.6% Health expenditures: 9.7% of GDP
Iraq
Exports - $79.68 billion
Major cities
Exports Commodities - Crude oil 84%, crude materials excluding fuels, food and live animals Export Partners - India 22.5%, US 22.3%, China 13.4%, South Korea 11.7%, Japan 4.8%, Netherlands 4.3% Imports - $47.8 billion Imports Commodities manufactures Food, medicine,
Import Partners - Turkey 25.3%, Syria 18.3%, China 11.7%, US 7.4%, South Korea 4.7%
Cntd
Iraq
Major cities
Exchange Rate Iraqi dinars (IQD) per US dollar 1,170 Fiscal Year Calendar year GDP Real growth Rate 8.9% Unemployment Rate 15% Inflation rate 5.6%
Industries - Petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, construction materials, food processing, fertilizer, metal fabrication/processing
Iraq
Airports 104
Major cities
Heliports 20 Pipelines - Gas 2,447 km; liquid petroleum gas 918 km; oil 5,104 km; refined products 1,637 km Railways 2272 km Roadways 44,900 km
Waterways - 5,279 km (the Euphrates River (2,815 km), Tigris River (1,899 km), and Third River (565 km) are the principal waterways)
Iraq
Government Type - Parliamentary democracy
Major cities
Chief of state: President Jalal TALABANI (since 6 April 2005 Head of government: Prime Minister Nuri al-MALIKI (since 20 May 2006) Cabinet: The Council of Ministers consists of the prime minister and cabinet ministers he proposes; approved by an absolute majority vote by the Council of Representatives Elections: president elected by Council of Representatives (parliament) to serve a four-year term (eligible for a second term);
UAE
UAE
local long form: Al Imarat al Arabiyah al Muttahidah
Major cities
Geography
Major cities ABU DHABI (capital) Ajman
Demography Economy
Dubai Fujairah
Ras al-Khaimah
Sharjah and Umm al-Quwain
UAE
Major cities
Area - Total: 83,600 sq km Land: 83,600 sq km Water: 0 sq km Border - Oman 410 km, Saudi Arabia 457
Coast line - 1318km at Persian gulf

Natural Resources - Petroleum, natural gas
UAE
Age structure
Major cities
0-14 years: 20.5% 15-64 years: 78.5% 65 years and over: 1%
Ethnic groups Emirati 19%, other Arab and Iranian 23%, South Asian 50%, other expatriates (includes Westerners and East Asians) 8%
Cntd
UAE
Major cities
Religions Muslim (Islam - official) 96% (Shia 16%), other (includes Christian, Hindu) 4% Languages Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu
Literacy Male: 76.1% Female: 81.7%

Education expenditures: 1.2% of GDP Health expenditures: 2.8% of GDP
UAE
Major cities
Exports Commodities - Crude oil 45%, natural gas, reexports, dried fish, dates
Export Partners Japan 16.2%, India 13.5%, Iran 10.9%, South Korea 5.6%, Thailand 5.5%, Singapore 4.4% Import - $202.1 billion Imports Commodities - Machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food Import Partners - India 19.8%, China 13.7%, US 8.1%, Germany 4.6%
Cntd
UAE
Exchange Rate - Emirati dirhams (AED) per US dollar - 3.6725
Major cities
Fiscal Year Calendar Year GDP Real Growth Rate 5.2%
Unemployment Rate 2.4%

Inflation Rate 0.9% Industries - Petroleum and petrochemicals; fishing, aluminum, cement, fertilizers, commercial ship repair, construction materials, some boat building, handicrafts, textiles
UAE
Major cities
Airports 42
Heliports 5
Pipelines Condensate 458 km; refined products 212 km; gas 2,352 km; liquid petroleum gas 220 km; oil 1,437 km Roadways 4,080 km
UAE
Major cities
Government Type - Federation with specified powers delegated to the UAE federal government and other powers reserved to member emiratescy Chief of state: President KHALIFA bin Zayid AlNuhayyan (since 3 November 2004) Head of government: Prime Minister and Vice President MUHAMMAD bin Rashid Al-Maktum (since 5 January 2006) Cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president Elections: president and vice president elected by the FSC for five-year terms (no term limits)
Turkey
Turkey
Major cities
Local long form: Turkiye Cumhuriyeti

Major cities population Istanbul 10.378 million ANKARA (capital) 3.846 million Izmir 2.679 million Bursa 1.559 million Adana 1.339 million
Turkey
Major cities
Area Total: 783,562 sq km Land: 769,632 sq km Water: 13,930 sq km

Border: Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km, Iraq 352 km, Syria 822 km Coast line: 7,200 km on the Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea, Black Sea, and Sea of Marmara.
Turkey
Major cities
Age structure 0-14 years: 26.2% 15-64 years: 67.4% 65 years and over: 6.4% Ethnic groups Turkish 70-75%, Kurdish 18%, other minorities 7-12% Religions Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (mostly Christians and Jews) Languages Turkish (official), languages
Economy
Kurdish,
other
minority
Cntd
Turkey
Major cities
Life expectancy at birth Male: 70.86 years Female: 74.78 years Education expenditures: 2.9% of GDP
Health expenditures: 6.7% of GDP
Turkey
Major cities
Geography
Exports Commodities - Apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal manufactures, transport equipment Export Partners - Germany 10.3%, Iraq 6.2%, UK 6%, Italy 5.8%, France 5%, Russia 4.4%
Demography
Imports - $232.9 billion
Economy Transportation Political
Imports Commodities - Machinery, chemicals, semi-finished goods, fuels, transport equipment Import Partners - Russia 9.9%, Germany 9.5%, China 9%, US 6.7%, Italy 5.6%, Iran 5.2%
Cntd
Turkey
Major cities
Exchange Rate - Turkish liras (TRY) per US dollar - 1.675 Fiscal Year Calendar Year GDP Real Growth Rate 8.5% Unemployment Rate 9.8% Inflation rate 6.5%
Industries - Textiles, food processing, autos, electronics, mining (coal, chromate, copper, boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper
Turkey
Major cities
Geography
Airports 98
Heliports 20
Pipelines Gas 10,706 km, oil 3,636 km
Demography Economy Transportation Political
Railways 8,699 km Roadways 3,52,046 km Waterways 1,200 km
Turkey
Government democracy
Type
republican
parliamentary
Major cities
Chief of state: President Abdullah GUL (since 28 August 2007) Head of government: Prime Minister Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN (since 14 March 2003) Cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the nomination of the prime minister
Elections: President elected directly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president from among members of parliament
Business etiquettes
Business is personal
Meetings and negotiations

Meetings should not be made too far in advance Initial meetings are all about relationship building. Meetings can be chaotic. Punctuality is expected of foreigners. Arabs are a trading people and are excellent negotiators.
The Spoken Word
Business attire
Dining and entertaining

MiddlE East

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MiddlE East

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Presented To: Dr.

Presented By: Hardip Mori (11M59) Prashant Vaghani (11M75)

MIDDLE EAST ASIA

Ethnic group - Arab 90%, Afro-Asian 10%

Languages: Arabic (official)

Exports $364.7 billion Export-commodities - petroleum and petroleum products 90%

Imports - $120 billion

Exchange Rate - Saudi riyals (SAR) per US dollar - 3.75

Geography Demography Economy Transportation Political

Economy Transportation Political

Local name of IRAN - Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran

Exchange Rate: Iranian rials (IRR) per US dollar 10,616.3

Total: 4,38,317 sq km Land: 4,37,367 sq km Water: 950 sq km

Natural resources: phosphates, sulfur

Life expectancy at birth

Exports - $79.68 billion

Government Type - Parliamentary democracy

local long form: Al Imarat al Arabiyah al Muttahidah

Major cities ABU DHABI (capital) Ajman

Sharjah and Umm al-Quwain

Coast line - 1318km at Persian gulf

0-14 years: 20.5% 15-64 years: 78.5% 65 years and over: 1%

Literacy Male: 76.1% Female: 81.7%

Exports - $281.6 billion

Exchange Rate - Emirati dirhams (AED) per US dollar - 3.6725

Fiscal Year Calendar Year GDP Real Growth Rate 5.2%

Unemployment Rate 2.4%

Local long form: Turkiye Cumhuriyeti

Area Total: 783,562 sq km Land: 769,632 sq km Water: 13,930 sq km

Health expenditures: 6.7% of GDP

Exports - $143.4 billion

Economy Transportation Political

Demography Economy Transportation Political

Railways 8,699 km Roadways 3,52,046 km Waterways 1,200 km

Meetings and negotiations

The Spoken Word

Dining and entertaining

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