MENU 9.1 9.

2
Prepared by:

COM 670 INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

9.3 9.4 CONCLUSION REFERENCES

Nur Atirah Kamaruzaman (2009312603) Nurlina Abu Bakar (2009977947) Che Norhanis Che Isa (2009736343) Mohd Firdaus Rusli (2009932493) Nurfarahin Saruddin (2009791617) Prepared for: Madam Norazian Binti Abdul Aziz

NONVERBAL INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

MENU

9.1
9.2 9.3 9.4

CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

In the Western transmission models of communication, sources encode ideas into symbols and that symbols can be words or unspoken symbols. The messages sent without using words are called nonverbal communication. The study of nonverbal communication in Western cultures conceptualizes nonverbal as a language system.

9.1 Overview Of Nonverbal Intercultural Communication

MENU

9.1
9.2 9.3 9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Not all nonverbal behavior is nonverbal communication. Communication occurs when we intentionally use symbolswords or unspoken symbols-to create meaning for others. Nonverbal communication as intentional communication. It refers intentional use as in using a unspoken symbol to communicate a specific message.

MENU

9.1
9.2 9.3 9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

From this perspective, nonverbal communication refers to a sources actions and attributes that are not purely verbal. For example, communication scholars Judee Burgoon and her colleagues (Burgoon, Boller, & Woodall, 1988) define nonverbal communication as those actions and attributes of humans that have socially shared meaning, are intentionally sent or interpreted as intentional, are consciously sent or consciously received, and have the potential for feedback from the

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.2

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Used to repeat the verbal message (e.g. point in a direction while stating directions. Often used to accent a verbal message. (e.g. verbal tone indicates the actual meaning of the specific words). Often complement the verbal message but also may contradict. E.g.: a nod reinforces a positive message (among Americans); a wink may contradict a stated positive message.

9.2 Significance of Nonverbal Communication

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.2

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Regulate interactions (non-verbal cues covey when the other person should speak or not speak). May substitute for the verbal message (especially if it is blocked by noise, interruption, etc) i.e. gestures (finger to lips to indicate need for quiet), facial expressions (i.e. a nod instead of a yes).

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.2

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Actions speak louder than words. This underscores the importance of non-verbal communication. Nonverbal communication is especially significant in intercultural situations. Probably non-verbal differences account for typical difficulties in communicating.

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.3 Nonverbal Communication In Cultural Nonverbal CommunicationDiversity in

Cambodia The head. Cambodians greet each other by placing their hands. Cambodian sits with their legs straight down and not crossed. Feet are considered the lowest in value of body parts. It is not polite to have eye contact with someone who is older

9.3

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.3

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Nonverbal Communication in China The Chinese don't like being touched by strangers. Never use your index finger to beckon anyone. Chinese dont point with the index finger but with an open hand. Tend to smile or laugh in both positive and negative situations. Entering a house, it is important to remove your shoes and cap.

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.3

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Nonverbal Communication in France Greeting friends with an exchange of kisses. When using the fingers to count the thumb is the first counter, the index finger is two, the middle finger is three, etc. If you hold up two fingers (index + middle fingers), you'll get three of whatever you're ordering, not two. Making a fist, holding it up in front of the nose, and twisting your hand while tilting your head the other way

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.3

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Nonverbal Communication in India Greeting with 'namaste. You can also shake hands. Value personal space. Use your right hand. Do not touch anyone's head. The answers, "I will try," he or she generally means "no." Pointing a finger at someone.

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.3

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Nonverbal Communication in Japan Bowing.. Walking habits. Eye Contact . Pointing with the index finger is considered rude. Entering a private home or traditional restaurants. Frowning. Japanese find it hard to say 'no'.

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.3

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Nonverbal Communication in Nigeria Eye contact. Touching or making gestures when speaking. Don't use your left hand to give or receive objects. Shake hands and don't forget to smile! Don't shake hands with a woman. Exchange hugs and kisses with people you know well.

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.3

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Nonverbal Communication in Thailand The traditional Thai greeting is called the wai In giving or receiving gifts or passing things. Do not touch another persons head. The feet come in contact with the ground, and thus are considered to be dirty. Remove your shoes before entering a temple or a home.

9.4 Intercultural Communication and Nonverbal Messages MENU

9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Proxemics Or distance is the study of the way people and animals use space Intimate distance from actual touching (skin) to 18 inches. Personal distance from 18 inches to 4 feet. Social distance from 4 to 12 feet. Public distance more than 12 feet ( 12 to 25 feet).

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Kinesics The study of body movements, gesture and posture. Mirroring posture makes good impression Posture reveals ones vulnerability to violence Gestures Fundamental behavior that even people blind from birth use gestures. Manipulators: Movements in which one part of the body touches another body part

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

Time Chronemics Cultural rules Polychronic Monochronic Geographic or Situational rules

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Voice Paralanguage: nonverbal vocal messages that reinforce or contradict our words Tone Speed Pitch Volume Pauses: Number and length Disfluencies (stammering, fillers Like) Sarcasm

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

Haptics a.k.a. touch Babies died from lack of touching Disease called Marasmus means wasting away Touch increases a childs mental functioning and physical health

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Clothing Conveys economic status, education level, social status moral standards, athletic ability and/or interests, belief system, level of sophistication We make assumptions about people based on clothing choices Flying on airplanes and courtesy of airline personnel Interviews Dates

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Physical Attractiveness People prefer others who they find attractive Beauty is in the eye of the beholder Three year olds already have opinions What can we do to be perceived as more attractive? Posture Gestures Facial expressions Choice of clothing

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Territoriality Fixed Space (room, house, neighborhood, country) Not all territory is permanent library, computer lab Power and status relationships Knocking before entering More and/or better space is expected for higher status personnel

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Olfactics A non-verbal communication study of smell. We tend to react to people based on their smell. For both men and women body smell is one of the most important subconscious factors of choosing a life mate. During interaction body odor or too much perfume can make even the most attractive person seem repulsive.

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Oculesics Eye contact. Includes the study of eye gaze and pupil dilation. Indicate their interest and with more than the frequently recognized of actions. An event when two people look at each other's eyes at the same time. Frequency and interpretation of eye contact vary between cultures and species.

Conclusion
MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

The nonverbal intercultural communication is not only useful in our daily life to communicate with others but also for the interpreter. Non verbal communication can take various form of gestures, body movements, hand sign, clothes and so on. It can be used in all situation whether we realize it or not. But we must be aware of the sign because every culture have their own significant non verbal sign or symbol that come with different meaning.

References
MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

Jandt, F.E. (2001). 3rd ed. An Introduction to Intercultural Communication. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications Inc. Martin, J.N. and Nakayama, T.K. (2000). 2nd ed. Intercultural Communication in Contexts. California: Mayfield Publishing Company. Samovar L.A. and Porter R.E. (1996). 8th ed. Intercultural Communication. New York: Wadsworth Publishing Company.

MENU 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

CONCLUSION REFERENCES
REFERENCES

http://www.sagepub.com/upmdata/11826_Chapter8.pdf http://www.psychologistanywhereanytim e.com/psychologist/psychologist_non_v erbal_communication.htm http://faculty.buffalostate.edu/smithrd/U AE%20Communication/Unit2.pdf http://www.arinanikitina.com/what-isnon-verbal-communication.html http://www.slideshare.net/Courtley/nonverbal-communication-3805380

Thank Your For Your

Kind Attention