Universal Mobile Telecommunication System

UMTS

OUTLINE
Definition Evolution 2G 3G Specification UMTS Multiple Access Modulation UMTS Architecture Spreading & Scrambling UMTS Handover Handover CDMA OVSF Tree` Bit Rate Power Control

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DEFINITION
UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) is the third-generation(3G) successor to the second-generation GSM-based technologies, including GPRS, and EDGE.
UMTS as first version of 3G based European (3GPP takes official name 3GPP system Release 99

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EVOLUTION 2G 3G
GSM (2G)
Multiple Access Modulation Bitrate Feature TDMA/FDMA GMSK 9,6 Kbps Voice, SMS

GPRS (2,5G)
TDMA/FDMA GMSK 114 Kbps Voice, SMS, Data, MMS Circuit Switch/Packet Switch

EDGE (2,75G)
TDMA/FDMA 8 PSK 384 Kbps Voice, SMS, Data, MMS Circuit Switch/Packet Switch

UMTS (3G)
WCDMA QPSK 2Mbps Voice, SMS, Data, MMS, Video Call, Video Streaming Circuit Switch/Packet Switch

Switching

Circuit Switch

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UMTS SPECIFICATION
Bit Rate Up To 2 Mbps

Duplexing Method

FDD / TDD
FDD : UPLINK 1920-1980 MHz DOWNLINK 2110-2170 MHz TDD : 1900 1920 MHz 2010 2025 MHz

Operating Band

Bandwidth Multiple Access Modulation New Element Chip Rate Spreading Code Scrambling Code

5 MHz WCDMA UPLINK : BPSK & DOWNLINK : QPSK UE, Node B, RNC 3.84 Mcps Variable: Uplink (4-256) & Downlink (4-512) Uplink : 224 & Downlink : 218-1

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MULTIPLE ACCESS
4 3
Code

2 1
FREQUENCY 1.25 MHZ

Multiple Access still same with IS-95 but UMTS using bigger chip rate (i.e. 3.84 Mcps) than IS-95/CdmaOne (i.e. 1.288 Mcps) Thus it leads 5 MHz carrier bandwidth for UMTS
3.84 Mcps

CDMA

Bandwidth Carrier WCDMA

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MODULATION
Uplink Downlink

10 1

00

0
11 01

Constellation diagram for BPSK

Constellation diagram for QPSK

UMTS ARCHITECTURE

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3GPP Release 99

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3GPP Release 4

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UMTS System Architecture

Uu Iu

Node B RNC USIM

Cu

MSC/ VLR

GMSC
External Networks CN
11

Node B
Iub Iur

HLR

ME

Node B RNC Node B

UE UTRAN

SGSN

GGSN

USER EQUIPMENT
Used as Tx and Rx Channel Encoding Modulation and Demodulation Spreading and Despreading Mobility Management Identity management

NODE B
Performs the air interface processing : Modulation and Demodulation Spreading and Despreading Channel Coding Synchronization Power Control RF Processing MUX DEMUX

RNC
Responsible for RRM (Radio Resource Management) and control of the Node Bs. Handover Control Power Control Admission Control Load Control Packet Scheduling Code Management

SPREADING & SCRAMBLING

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Channelization Code (OVSF)

UL Distinguish physical data and control data from same terminal Distinguish connection to different terminals in a same cell

DL

Scrambling Code
UL Distinguish transmissions from different users Distinguish cells

DL

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Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor codes (OVSF)

SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4 SF = 8
(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1) C8,0 (1,1,1,1) C4,0 (1,1) (1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1) (1,1,-1,-1,1,1,-1-,1) (1,1,-1,-1) C4,1 (1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,1,1) (1) C1,0 (1,-1,1,-1) C4,2 (1,-1) C2,1 (1,-1,-1,1) C4,3 (1,-1,-1,1,-1,1,1,-1) C8,7 (1,-1,-1,1,1,-1,-1,1) (1,-1,1,-1,-1,1,-1,1) (1,-1,1,-1,1,-1,1,-1) C8,3

C8,1 C8,2

OVSF code generation

C2,0

C8,4

C8,5 C8,6

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UMTS BIT RATE

UPLINK
Spreading Factor Value Symbol Rate (Ksps) Channel bit Rate (Kbps)

DOWNLINK
Spreading Factor Value Symbol Rate (Ksps) Channel bit Rate (Kbps)

256 128 64 32 16 8 4

15 30 60 120 240 480 960

15 30 60 120 240 480 960

512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4

7.5 15 30 60 120 240 480 960

15 30 60 120 240 480 960 1920

=
; Chip Rate UMTS = 3.84 Mcps
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UMTS HANDOVER
Basic Process of Handover
MEASUREMENT

DECISION

EXECUTION
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Pilot Set

Active Set Candidate Set Neighbor Set Remaining Set

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Type () of Handover
Hard Handover Soft Handover Softer Handover

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Soft Handover

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Softer Handover

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UMTS POWER CONTROL

Pr1
Pt Pr3 Pr2 PrM Pt

user 1
user 3

user 2

user M

power
User 1

power
User 1, User 2, User 3, User 4,

User 2

User 5, User 6, User 7, User 8, User 9, User 10,

frekuensi
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frekuensi

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