CHEM 180

Christian MANAHAN
Anna Esperanza LEGASPI

CHEMICAL WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL

CHEM 111.1 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY I LABORATORY

CHEMICALS USED IN THE COURSE

VOLATILE ORGANIC SOLVENTS VOLATILE ORGANIC SOLIDS DILUTE ACIDS, BASES , BUFFERS AND DETERGENTS ELECTROLYTES AND HYDRATED SALTS INDICATOR DYES POLYMERS

VOLATILE ORGANIC SOLVENTS

ACETONE-(E1-sample, E4-sample, washing, E7, E8-calibration, test liquid) 2-BUTANONE-(E1-sample)

ETHLY ACETATE-(E1-sample, E7, E8-calibration)

VOLATILE ORGANIC SOLVENTS

DICHLOROMETHANE-(E1-sample) ETHANOL-(E1-sample, E6-solvent, E7-

test liquid)

VOLATILE ORGANIC SOLVENTS

METHANOL-(E1sample) n-PROPANOL-(E4sample, E7-test liquid) 2-PROPANOL-(E7-test liquid)

ORGANIC SOLIDS
SALICYLIC ACID-(E5-sample) ACETOSALICYLIC ACID-(E5-sample) BENZOIC ACID-(E5-for calibration)

DILUTE ACID, BASE, BUFFER AND DETERGENT

HYDROCHLORIC ACID-(E6-reagent) (0.01 M and 0.5 M) SODIUM HYDROXIDE-(E6-buffer preparation) (0.1 M)

DILUTE ACID, BASE, BUFFER AND DETERGENT

KH2PO4-K2HPO4 BUFFER-(E6-Buffer) DETERGENT-(E7-sample, E8-washing)

ELECTROLYTES AND HYDRATED SALTS

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE-(E7-sample) SODIUM CHLORIDE(E7-sample, E8-reagent)

ELECTROLYTES AND HYDRATED SALTS

SODIUM SULFATE-(E7-sample) BORAX (Na2B4O710H2O-(E6-Reagent)(0.01 M and 0.05 M)

INDICATOR DYE
BROMTHYMOL BLUE-(E6-sample)

POLYMER
SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE-(E8sample)

EXERCISES THAT USES CHEMICALS

EXERCISE 1-MOLECULAR WEIGHT DETERMINATION BY VAPOR DENSITY METHOD EXERCISE 3-JOULE-THOMSON EXPERIMENT EXERCISE4-VAPOR PRESSURE OF A LIQUID EXERCISE 5-ENTHALPIES OF REACTION EXERCISE 6-THE ACID DISSOCIATION CONSTANT OF AN INDICATOR DYE

EXERCISE 7-SURFACE TENSION OF PURE LIQUIDS AND SOLUTIONS

EXERCISE 8-VISCOSITY OF PUR LIQUIDS AND SOLUTIONS

COURSE EXPERIMENTS SET-UP

COMPOUNDS ARE MOSTLY CONSUMED MOSTLY AS DILUTE SOLUTIONS MINIMUM AMOUNTS ARE USED DONE BY TWO GROUPS PER CLASS AVERAGE OF 6-9 SECTIONS PER SEMESTER MOST DISPOSAL CAN BE DONE BY DISPOSING TO SINK

WASTE GENERATION
EXERCISE EXERCISE 1 EXERCISE 2 EXERCISE 3 EXERCISE 4 EXERCISE 5 EXERCISE 6 EXERCISE 7 EXERCISE 8 HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL WASTE GENERATED None, all samples vaporized None None, gas tank contains inert gas Acetone and Propanol, (<10mL) Salicylic acid, acetyl salicylate, benzoic acid (<0.5g), sample is combusted Bromthymol Blue, HCl, NaOH, Borax, Potassium phosphate buffer (~100mL) Propanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol (~100mL), KCl, NaCl, Na2SO4, detergent (~100mL) Ethyl acetate, acetone (~15mL), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (~5 g)

WASTE
Acetone, ethyl acetate Propanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol Salicylic acid, acetyl salicylate , benzoic acid Bromthymol Blue Phosphate Buffer HCl and NaOH Salts; KCl, NaCl, Na2SO4 Borax, sodium carboxymethylcellulose

Hazards
Can cause irritation in contact, fumes can cause chronic effects to respiration, toxic if ingested, atmospheric and water pollutant Irritant upon skin exposure, toxic if ingested and inhaled at high concentration, atmospheric and water pollutant Laboratory grade is toxic if in contact, excessive inhalation of fumes causes nausea May be toxic if ingested, irritant upon contact, may change pH of water and soil

Generally non toxic, but may affect natural sources upon release and cause eutrophication
Corrosive and may affect aquatic and terrestrial environment if not neutralized, HCl fumes affect atmospheric environment Affect water quality. Sulfate in acidic solution may contribute sulfuric acid formation. KCl is a known irritant Borax is reactive to some terrestrial and aquatic processes. The polymer may cause clogging of water ways if acculmulated

WASTE
Acetone, ethyl acetate Propanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol Salicylic acid, acetyl salicylate, benzoic acid Bromthymol Blue Phosphate Buffer HCl and NaOH Salts; KCl, NaCl, Na2SO4 Borax, sodium carboxymethylcellulose

Treatment/Disposal
Pool and isolate with RotaVap or distillation, use fractional distillation if found with water or alcohol Dispose to sink after diluting using water Contain recoverable un-combusted samples, collect sooty ashes and contain in solid waste container for land disposal Dilute and set to acceptable pH range, can be disposed to sink

Stack buffer component, concentrate by evaporating water and obtain salt, can be used for other uses such as agriculture
Neutralize acid and base waste with each other; can be disposed on sink Dilute and dispose to sink Remove solid and precipitate, contain in solid waste collector and dispose to land

PROPOSED STRATEGY OF WASTE MANAGEMENT

DILUTE NEUTRALIZE

COLLECT AND RECOVER

PRECIPITATE DISPOSE