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Angular Momentum
Angular Momentum
Momentum
p=mv
conserved if Fext = 0 Vector units: kg m/s
Angular Momentum
L=I
conserved if ext =0 Vector! units: kg m2/s
Concept Question
You are sitting on a freely rotating bar-stool with your arms stretched out and a heavy glass mug in each hand. Your friend gives you a twist and you start rotating around a vertical axis though the center of the stool. You can assume that the bearing the stool turns on is frictionless, and that there is no net external torque present once you have started spinning. You now pull your arms and hands (and mugs) close to your body.
Concept Question
What happens to your angular momentum as you pull in your arms? 1. it increases 2. it decreases 3. it stays the same CORRECT
L1
L
2
This is like the spinning skater example in the book. Since the net external torque is zero (the movement of the arms and hands involve internal torques), the angular momentum does not change.
Concept Question
What happens to your angular velocity as you pull in your arms? 1 1. it increases CORRECT 2. it decreases 3. it stays the same
2 I2
I1 L
as with the skater example given in the book....as you pull your arms in toward the rotational axis, the moment of inertia decreases, and the angular velocity increases.
Concept question
What happens to your kinetic energy as you pull in your arms? 1 1. it increases CORRECT 2. it decreases 3. it stays the same
2 I2
I1 L
K 1 1 2 2 I 2 I 2 2I 1 2 L 2I
(using L = I )
Your angular velocity increases and moment of inertia decreases, but angular velocity is squared, so KE will increase with increasing angular velocity
Spinning disks
Two different spinning disks have the same angular momentum, but disk 2 has a larger moment of inertia than disk 1. Which one has the biggest kinetic energy ? (a) disk 1 (b) disk 2
1 1 2 2 I 2 I 2 2I
1 2 L 2I
(using L = I )
If they have the same L, the one with the smallest I will have the biggest kinetic energy.
L I1 1
L I2 2
1 I1 < I2
disk 1
disk 2
Since there is no net external torque acting on the studentstool system, angular momentum is conserved.
Remenber,
LS
LW,I LW,I = LW,F + LS
LW,F