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1-Arc welding
Shielded Metal Arc welding (SMAW)
(Stick welding)
Consumable electrode
Gas-Metal Arc welding (MIG)(GMAW) Flux-Core Arc welding (FCAW) Submerged Arc welding (SAW) Electro Slag welding (ESW ) Gas-Tungsten Arc welding (TIG) (GTAW) Non consumable Plasma Arc welding (PAW)
electrode
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Fusion welding
2-Gas welding (GW) Oxyacetylene welding (OAW) 3-Resistance welding (RW)
Spot (RSW) Seam (RSEW) Projection (RPW)
4-other fusion welding Electron beam welding (EBW) Laser beam welding (LBW)
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coalescence is accomplished by melting the two parts to be joined, in some cases adding filler metal to the joint. Examples: 1. Arc welding,
2. Resistance welding 3. Gas welding (Oxyfuel)
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Electric energy from the arc produces temperatures ~ 10,000 F (5500 C), hot enough to melt any metal. Most AW processes add filler metal to increase volume and strength of weld joint.
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Arc Welding
A pool (electrode) of molten metal is formed near electrode tip, and as electrode is moved along joint, molten weld pool solidifies in its wake.
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Video No.(1+2)
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General AW Technology
ELECTRODES
Two Basic Types of AW Electrodes
1.Consumable electrode Consumed during welding process. Source of filler metal in arc welding.
1. 2. Shielded Metal Arc Welding Gas Metal Arc Welding
2.Nonconsumable electrode
Not consumed during welding process.
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1-Consumable Electrodes
Forms of consumable electrodes Welding rods (called sticks) are 9 to 18 inches(225-450 mm) long and 9.5mm(3/8 inch) or less in diameter and must be changed frequently. Weld wire can be continuously fed from spools with long lengths of wire, avoiding frequent interruptions In both rod and wire forms, electrode is consumed by arc and added to weld joint as filler metal.
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2-Nonconsumable Electrodes
Made of Tungsten (or carbon) which resists melting by arc . Gradually depleted during welding (vaporization is principal mechanism) Any filler metal must be supplied by a separate wire fed into weld pool
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ARC SHIELDING
At high temperatures in AW, metals are chemically reactive to oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in air . Mechanical properties of joint can be seriously degraded by these reactions. To protect operation, arc must be shielded from surrounding air in AW processes Arc shielding is accomplished by: Shielding gases, e.g., argon, helium, CO2
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FLUX
Definition:
Flux is substance that prevents formation of oxides and other contaminants in welding, or dissolves them and facilitates removal. Flux Functions:
1. Provides protective atmosphere for welding. 2. Stabilize the arc. 3. Reduces spattering
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1. Using a stick electrode coated with flux material in which the coating melts during welding to cover operation. 2. Using tubular electrodes in which flux is contained in the core and released as electrode is consumed. 3. Using tubular electrodes in which flux is contained in the core and released as the electrode is consumed.
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3. Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) 4. Electrogas Welding (EGW) 5. Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)
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Or Stick
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Shielded metal arc welding (stick welding) performed by a (human) welder (photo courtesy of Hobart Brothers Co.).
Video no.3
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..\\ ARC WELDING\Weld Procedures Utube Welding Videos - 6010 stick welding.flv
..\\ ARC WELDING\3-ArcWelding (SMAW).swf
..\\ ARC WELDING\Weld Procedures Utube Welding Videos - Stick Weld from Welding Home Study Course by The Welders Lens.flv
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..\\ ARC WELDING\7- MIG Welding- Mig Welding_ Push Technique.flv ..\\ ARC WELDING\8 - MIG Welding- Mig Welding demo.flv
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Second:
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..\\ Tig\tig.swf
..\\ ARC WELDING\4- Tig Gas Tungsten Arc Welding GTAW (TIG).flv
..\\ ARC WELDING\5- Tig Welding Basics.flv
Advantages: High quality welds for suitable applications No spatter because no filler metal through arc. Little or no post-weld cleaning because no flux. Disadvantages: Generally slower and more costly than consumable electrode AW processes.
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Disadvantages:
High equipment cost Larger torch size than other AW Tends to restrict access in some joints
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