GLOBAL WARMING AND GREENHOUSE EFFECT

WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING??

Global warming refers to the rising average

temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans and its projected continuation.

An increase in global temperature will cause sea levels to

rise and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation, and a probable expansion of subtropical deserts. Warming is expected to be strongest in the Arctic and would be associated with continuing retreat of glaciers,permafrost and sea ice.

CAUSES
Global Warming is caused by many things. The causes are

split up into two groups, man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes. Natural Causes Natural causes are causes created by nature. One natural cause is a release of methane gas from arctic tundra and wetlands. Methane is a greenhouse gas.

 Man-made Causes Man-made causes probably do the most damage. There

are many man-made causes. Pollution is one of the biggest man-made problems. Pollution comes in many shapes and sizes. Burning fossil fuels is one thing that causes pollution. Fossil fuels are fuels made of organic matter such as coal, or oil.

Role of Green house effect on Global Warming

 Another major man-made cause of Global Warming is

population. More people means more food, and more methods of transportation. That means more methane because there will be more burning of fossil fuels, and more agriculture. Animals like cows are a source of food which means more manure and methane. Another problem with the increasing population is transportation.

 Since CO2 contributes to global warming, the increase in

population makes the problem worse because we breathe out CO2. Also, the trees that convert our CO2 to oxygen are being demolished because we're using the land that we cut the trees down from as property for our homes and buildings. We are not replacing the trees (an important part of our eco system), so we are constantly taking advantage of our natural resources and giving nothing back in return.

Major Green house Gases

What is Green House Effect ?

The greenhouse effect is the process of absorption and

emission of infrared radiation by the gases in the atmosphere which tends to warm earths atmosphere and surface. It was first investigated by Svante Arrhenius in 1896 and was firstly proposed by Joseph Fourier in 1824.

CAUSES
Human activity since the industrial revolution has

increased the amount of green house gases in the atmosphere. It was recorded that the concentration of CO2 and methane have increased by 36% and 148% respectively since 1750. These are the highest level that are ever recorded during the last 65000 years. Three quarters of the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide is produced by fossil fuel burning while the rest is due to deforestation.

 Human activities are being continued on the earth.

Therefore, carbon dioxide emissions are also continuing to rise due to continuous human activities like burning of fossil fuel and deforestation. Emission scenarios have been made to estimate the changes in emission level of green house gases in the future. The future level of emissions will depend on uncertain economic, sociological, technological, and natural developments.

How Greenhouse effect occurs

Selected Greenhouse Gases

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Source: Fossil fuel burning, deforestation Anthropogenic increase: 30% Average atmospheric residence time: 500 years

Methane (CH4)

Source: Rice cultivation, cattle & sheep ranching, decay from landfills, mining Anthropogenic increase: 145% Average atmospheric residence time: 7-10 years

Nitrous oxide (N2O)

Source: Industry and agriculture (fertilizers) Anthropogenic increase: 15% Average atmospheric residence time: 140-190 years

Effects
The Biggest Problem Sea Level Rise

Droughts and Floods

The Human Price of Climate Change

Approaching a Slippery Slope

Rapid Climate Shifts

Natural and Man made greenhouse effect

PREVENTION OF Global Warming and Greenhouse Effect

EPA Voluntary Programs to Reduce Greenhouse Gas

Emissions : Green Lights / Energy Star Buildings Program Energy Star Programs Natural Gas Star, AgStar, and Landfill Methane Outreach Programs Voluntary Aluminum Industrial Partnership Climate Wise Program

 Objective :
Energy-efficient lighting, heating, air conditioning, and

ventilation systems. Commercial and residential energy-efficient products and effective product labeling. Cost-effective reduction of methane emissions. Reduction of per-fluorinated compound emissions. Company-specific emissions reduction plans.